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Midterm Review
Midterm Review
Midterm:
Time, Venue, Seating
• 2007, Saturday, Mar 24, 2pm-4pm
• LTA
• You are assigned seating
– Check seating on Webct lecture materials
seating plan
Midterm
• Scope
– All slides
• Qs were designed by me and Prof. Zhang
(instructor of L3/L4) together based on slides.
– All related chapters (1-7, except 4.7, 4.8, 7.4)
– Reading the textbook is a requirement
Midterm
• This exam is “closed book.” Accordingly,
– You are NOT allowed to use books or notes during the exam.
– You are NOT allowed to talk to other students during the exam.
– You are NOT allowed to use PDAs, laptops, cell phone, or other
aids.
Midterm
• There are totally 75 Qs. Each Q is worth 1 point.
– 23 T/F
– 52 MC
Organizational use
Major IS (1) (1) Digital EB
• Two-dimension Economy (7)
framework to analyze IS
• Working in the digital
world
• Ethical issues 1. E-biz evolution
2. Biz implications
- Benefits
- Drawbacks
Technology components People 3. Models
Organizational use
Major IS (1) (1) Digital EB
Economy (7)
9 11 17
38
Technology components People
37
HW SW Network Internet DB
(2) (3) (5) (6) (4)
12 7 11 5 3
Midterm
• Slides offer answers to 67 Qs (90%) in the
midterm.
– Suggest you start from slides.
– Assume you have read the textbook (a requirement)
– You find a definition on slides. Memorize.
– You find a term without definition. Refer to the
textbook
• The rest 8 Qs are also mentioned in class.
– For example, summary of the intellectual property
law, working in the digital economy, ethics in the
digital world
Chargeback
Digital economy
Key points
• ISMT101 emphasis
• Globalization
– Enabler, Benefits
• Dynamic pricing
– Concept
– Dynamic pricing in auctions
• Digitization
– Information goods
– Marginal costs reduction
• “Long tail” effect
– Benefits, Enablers
Our emphasis
Business
MGTO
MKTG
ISMT 101
Computer Science
Technology
Enabler of globalization
# FC MC VC TC AC # FC MC VC TC AC
1 1000 10 10 1010 1010 1 1000 1 1 1001 1001
2 1000 10 20 1020 510 2 1000 1 2 1002 501
3 1000 10 30 1030 343 3 1000 1 3 1003 334
… … 10 … … … … … 1 … … …
1000 1000 10 10000 11000 11 1000 1000 1 1000 2000 2
10,000 10.1 10,000 1.1
Q&A – marginal costs
• Examples—beer
YES
KAR
Dynamic
pricing
HAC 104.81 YES
47 49.46 52 54 55.35 58
Price
YES YES No No No No
KAR
Listed
pricing
HAC YES YES YES YES YES No
94 98.92 52 54 55.35 0
Increased variety: “short head” “long tail”
Best-seller Popularity
IS in organizations
Key points
• Two-dimensional framework
• Major types of IS
– TPS…EIS
– For each: Users, major function (input, output)
• Major components of IS
– HW…people
Data information
Pruning
Analyzing
Data Information
Styling
Information System—
Distributing A set of interrelated
Information technologies
that work together for…
IS in organizations
Store
Managers
HK Regional
Managers
Headquarter
Finance/ Human
Operations Marketing
Accounting Resources
IS in marketing and sales
TPS (transaction processing systems)
EIS
• Users: operational-level employees
• Input: daily operations
DSS • Output: operational data
• Task example: check-out (barcode
MIS sales data)
KWS
OAS
TPS
Information system
Together human
resource and
technologies create
more value.
Hu
m
an
Re
so
u
Technologies
rc
e
E-business
Key points
• E-business benefits/drawbacks
• E-business models
– Review all B2C and B2B models on slides
• Disintermediation vs. re-intermediation
– Concepts (related to value chain)
– Benefits from disintermediation
– Features of re-intermediation
E-Business
Global Convenience
marketplace Search &
transaction Personalization Better
speed service
Consumers
Become 24/7
sellers
Disadvantages not very convenient some risk, shipping people may like hardcopy.
Brick-and-Click refers to Synergy!!
• Such as www.bn.com
• Advantages
– Reputation
– More options for consumers
• Search on the Internet buy in physical stores
• Buy on the Internet return to physical stores
• Read in physical stores buy on the Internet
• Learn product features buy on the Internet
B2C—intermediary
600,000
Affiliated Consumers
Members
Work
Request
Pay
Providers
B2B: Selling
B2B B2C
Partial
disintermediation
Complete
disintermediation
Disintermediation vs. reintermediation
• Benefits of disintermediation
– Eliminate charges by “middle men”
– Launch new products quickly
– Obtain richer data about consumers
RAM Primary
ROM
(Used for BIOS) Jump
Drive
Internal
(in CPU)
Cache
Moore’s Law on Processor Speed
Moore’s law: the density of circuits on a chip, and thereby the
performance, doubles every 18-24 months
for the same performance, price is half
for the same price, performance doubles
For the last 20 years, PC’s power increased by more than 10,000 times
Operating Systems (OS)
• Software platform
on which other
programs run
• Provides a connection
between application SW
and HW
OS major tasks
1. Turn it on.
CPU RAM
HDD
OS
Networking
• Transmission media
– Physical media for sending signals
• Data communication hardware
– HW that ensures the data gets to the right place
• Network topology (i.e. Structure)
– Group of devices connected for the purpose of
sharing data
• Protocols
– A format for transmitting data that has been agreed to
be a standard (TCP/IP, Ethernet, Token Ring)
Communications Hardware
1—Computer
– NIC–Network Interface
Card
2—Intra-network
– Modem
– Hub
3—Inter-network Modem
– Router – HW in packet
switched networks
– Gateway – converts NIC
data from one
standard to another
Star Network Topology
• Centered around central routing device called a hub
• All network nodes connect to the hub
• Easy to install and update
• Hub can also be a bottleneck
– All data transmissions through the hub
– If hub fails, network fails
Protocols
Packet
Tom
Two ISP’s networks.
No peering
agreements.
Need NAP.
Alice
NAP—high speed
routers
or gateway
• Get physical
access via ISPs
• Use DNS service
Tom • Use client-server
WWW service to
Domain Name
3 •
download
Communicate
Server using TCP/IP
“198.173.5.35”
protocol
2 4
1 TCP/IP
Alice
7- Application layer Different
applications
6 - Presentation layer
5 – Session layer
7
6
5
4&3
2
1
Fighting Spam – IBM’s Proposal
DB
• Basic concepts in DB
– Characters, fields, key, table, database
• File systems may result in redundancy
and anomalies
• Features of hierarchical, network, and
relational models
• Procedure of developing a relational DB