PATHOLOGY

ASSIGNMENT
SARA QURESHI
22088
VASCULAR EVENTS OF INFLAMMATION
 INFLAMMATION

Acute Chronic
• Neutrophils involved • Macrophages, monocytes
• Develops over a short and lymphocytes involved
period • Long term
• Cardinal signs • No cardinal signs
 GRANULOMA

• a mass of granulation tissue with central caseous necrosis and

giant cells, produced in response to infection, inflammation, or
the presence of a foreign substance.
GRANULOMA
Pathogenesis
PHASES OF CUTANEOUS WOUND
HEALING
 LOCAL AND SYSTEMIC FACTORS

Systemic Local
• Nutrition • Infection
• Metabolic status • Foreign bodies
• Hormones • Size, location and type
• Circulatory status of wound
 CELLS BASED ON PROLIFERATIVE
ACTIVITY

1. Continuously dividing cells replicate through out life,

replacing older and dead cells, include epithelia of skin, oral
cavity, vagina etc
2. Quiescent cells undergo replication in response to infection
or stimuli, include liver, pancreas and kidney
3. Non-dividing cells never undergo replication, include
neurons and cardiac myocytes
FACTORS INVOLVED IN TISSUE REPAIR

• VEGF
• HGF
• TGF-B
• TGF-A
• TNF
 SHOCK

• It is defined as the systemic hypotension caused by reduction

in cardiac output and reduced blood volume.
SHOCK
Pathogenesis
 TYPES OF SHOCK

1. Cardiogenic- Myocardial Infarction, Arrhythmias

2. Hypovolemic- Fluid loss; burns, diarrhea
3. Septic- Super antigens and bacterial infections
 INFARCTION

• An infarct is an area of ischemic necrosis caused by occlusion

of either the arterial supply or venous drainage.
FACTORS INFLUENCING INFARCT

• Nature of the vascular supply

• Rate of occlusion development
• Vulnerability to hypoxia
• Oxygen content of blood
 RENAL INFARCT

• White infarct
• Wedge shaped
• Occluded vessel at apex with the periphery of the organ
forming the base
• End arterial circulation