Descriptive

Studies of
Assessment,
Evaluation and
Research
 Descriptive
Studies of
Assessment,
Evaluation and
Research
De scr ipt ive
Studi es
In other words, it
“describes” the research
subject without covering
“why” it happens.
 • A descriptive study is one in which
information is collected without
changing the environment (i.e., nothing
is manipulated). Sometimes these are
referred to as “ correlational ” or “
De scr ipt ive observational ” studies.
Studi es
 • It can provide information
about the naturally occurring
status, behavior, attitudes or
other characteristics of a
De scr ipt ive
particular group.
Studi es
• It also conducted to
demonstrate associations or
relationships between things in
the world around you.
Process of
Collecting
Data in
Descriptive
Cross-sectional
Study Data
Collection
Longitudinal in
Study Descriptive
Studies
Cross-sectional Study - involve a one-time
interaction with groups of people in which
the researcher interacts with the
participant, may involve surveys or
interviews to collect the necessary Data
information.
Exanple ; Collection
You want to know how many families with
children in Mabuga Elem School are
currently low-income so you can estimate
in
how much money is required to fund a free
lunch program in that school.
Descriptive
Studies
Longitudinal Study - researcher does not
interact with the participant include
observational studies of people in an
environment. You might follow individuals Data
over a period of time.

For example :
Collection
• Could contain specific students and their
standardized test scores in six successive
in
years.
• You are studying the effect of low-carb diets Descriptive
on weight loss.
Studies
 Example of
Problems that
can lead to
Descriptive
Study
 • School district wishes to evaluate
teachers’ attitudes about using
technology in the classroom
• Market researchers want to observe the
habits of consumers.
Exam ple s of • A school district wants to understand if
P roblem s t hat students will access online lessons
c an lea d t o rather than textbooks.
• To understand if its 
De scr ipt ive wellness questionnaire programs
Studi es enhance the overall health of the
employees.
Purpose of
Descriptive
Studies
 Purpose
ofDescriptive
Studies
Strength and
Limitations of
a Descriptive
Study
 •Study participants are questioned or observed in a
natural setting (e.g., their homes, child care or
educational settings).
•Study data can be used to identify the prevalence
of particular problems and the need for new or
Strengths additional services to address these problems.
•Descriptive study may identify areas in need of
ofDescriptive additional research and relationships between
Study variables that require future study. Descriptive
study is often referred to as "hypothesis generating
research."
•Depending on the data collection method used,
descriptive studies can generate rich datasets on
large and diverse samples.
 •Descriptive studies cannot be used to
establish cause and effect relationships.
•Respondents may not be truthful when
answering survey questions or may give
Limitations socially desirable responses.
•The choice and wording of questions on a
ofDescriptive questionnaire may influence the descriptive
Study findings.
•Depending on the type and size of sample,
the findings may not be generalizable or
produce an accurate description of the
population of interest.
Sub-Type
of
Descriptive
Study
 refers to the collection of
data to describe or better
understand an issue
 it’s important to know what
data you need to collect for
effectiveness (assessment
and/or evaluation) or ensuring Assessment
intended learning is achieved
(assessment).
Assessment
Studies
Assessment
Studies
 Thank
You &
Godbless!