Drilling Rig

Components
 Definitions
 Derrick.
 A Derrick is a four sided structure of sufficient height and
strength to allow the hoisting( Lowering and rising of
equipment in and out of the well.

 Substructure.
 The substructure provides support for the Derrick, Draw-
Works and Drill String.
 Rig Engines or Prime Movers.
 Internal Combustion Engines are commonly used ranges from
500 to 3000hp, depending upon the size and rating of the rig.

 Draw Works.
 The Draw Work is the hoisting mechanism on the drilling rig
enabling heavy loads to be raised or lowered by means of wire
rope wounded on a drum.
 Kelly and Kelly Bushing.
 The Kelly has a hexagonal or a square shaped and its main
function is to transfer motion to the drill pipe.
 The Kelly Bushing is engaged with the master Bushing.
 The Kelly serves also as a medium for transporting mud down
to the drill pipes and to the bit.
 Master Bushing.
 Master Bushing is fixed at rotary table, in which the Kelly
bushing rests.
 Hoisting Tackle.
 There are two blocks, namely a crown block and a traveling
block.
 The Crown block is static and rests at the top of the derrick
and the traveling block moves up and down the derrick

 Drilling Line.
 The Drilling Line is a heavy duty Wire rope, used to raise or
lower the thousands of pounds of drilling equipment during
drilling and completion of the well.
 Swivel.
 The Swivel is installed above the Kelly and its main function
is to prevent the rotary motion of the Kelly from being
transferred to the drilling line .

 This is achieved by the rotation of the lower half of the swivel

on a set of heavy duty roller bearings.

 The Swivel also allows mud to be pumped through the Kelly

through a side attachment described as a gooseneck.
 Drill Stem.
 The Drill Stem consists of Drill Pipe, Drill Collars, Accessories
and Drill bit.

 Drill Pipe serves as a medium for the transmission of rotary

motion to the bit and also acts as passage for mud.

 Drill Collars are heavy duty pipes with large outside diameter.
They are used primarily to put weight on the bit during drilling.

 85% weight of the collar is applied on bit and remaining is

used to keep the drill pipes in tension, thereby avoiding the
buckling of the pipes.
 Accessories normally include heavy welded drill pipes,
stabilizers, and shock subs.
 Rotary Table.
 Rotary Table is the main rotating tool on rig which provide
rotation to whole drilling string.
 Bits
Roller Cone Bits.
As the name implies, a roller cone Bit employs cones which rotate
about their own axis or about the bit axis.
There are two main types of Roller Cone Bits.
1, Steel toothed bits
2, insert toothed bits
PCD Bits.
A Poly Crystalline Diamond Compact Bit is a new generation of
the old drag or fishtail bit.
These Bits are used to drill the hard rocks.
Rig
Rig
Derrick
Offshore Platform
Draw Works
Hoisting Tackles
Hoisting Tackles
Hoisting Tackles
Drilling Line
Rotary Table
Kelly & Rotary Table
Kelly & Rotary Table
Kelly Bushing
Swivel
Blow Out Preventer
Blow Out
Drill Pipes
Drill Collars
Stabilizers & Packers
Stabilizer
Drag Bit
Steel Tooth Roller Cone Bit
Steel Toothed & Insert Bits
Insert Bits
Diamond Bits
Diamond Bits