OPEN BITE

Presented by
Keshav
PGT- II
 Contents
 Introduction

 Anterior Open Bite

 Charecteristics of Anterior Open Bite

 Etiology

 Diagnosis
  Contents
 Treatment Plan

 Treatment Strategies

 Esthetics & Open Bite

 Stability & Retention

 Contents
 Posterior Open Bite

 Causes of Posterior Open Bite

 Treatment of Posterior Open Bite

 Introduction
 Definition of Open Bite – An occlusal charecteristic in which upper & lower
teeth are not in contact and vertical overlap does not exist.

 Term first introduced by Caravelli in 1842.

 Types :-
 Anterior Open Bite :-
 Skeletal Anterior Open Bite
 Dentoalveolar Anterior Open Bite

 Posterior Open Bite

 Introduction
 Figure – Open bite malocclusion : the upper incisors do not reach the
occlusal plane. The Alveolar process is noticeably underdeveloped in the
anterior region.
 Note: An anterior open bite may also be due to overeruption or
supraocclusion of the posterior teeth.
 Introdution
 Figure – Posterior / Lateral open bite :-
 (Left) – Occlusion : In this type of open bite the occlusion on both
sides is supported only anteriorly & by first permanent molars.
 (Right) – Habitual position : The tongue thrusts between the teeth
laterally. The tongue dysfunction occurs in conjugation with a
disturbance in the physiological growth processes around the first &
second deciduous molars.
 Anterior Open Bite
 Definition – It is defined as a negative overbite between the incisal edges
of the maxillary & mandibular anterior teeth, with posterior teeth in
occlusion.

 There is no vertical overlap between upper & lower anteriors.

 It is also charecterised by slurring of speech due to improper

pronunciation of certain words, particularly bilabial sounds.
 Anterior Open Bite
 Figure – Anterior open bite :-
 (Left) Occlusion : Open bite in a deciduous dentition caused by tongue
dysfunction as a residuum of a sucking habit.
 (Right ) Habitual position forward during function, impeding the
vertical development of dentoalveolar structures around the upper and
lower anterior teeth.
 Charecteristics of Anterior Open Bite
 Skeletal & dental charecteristics common in patients with anterior open
bite include :-
 Distal condylar inclination

 Short ramus
 Antegonial notching
 Obtuse gonial angle
 Excessive maxillary height
 Straight mandibular canal
 Thin and long symphysis
 Long anterior facial height
 Steep mandibular plane
 Divergent occlusal planes
 Acute intermolar & interincisal angulation
 Anteriorly tipped up palatal plane & extruded molars.
Charecteristics of Anterior Open Bite
Figure showing charecteristics of anterior open bite:-
 Charecteristics of Anterior Open Bite
 Soft tissue charecteristics parallel those the hard tissues:-
 Long lower facial height
 Steep mandibular plane &
 Short posterior facial height.
 A large inter labial gap is most evident on clinical examination of patients
with a skelatal bite.

Figure – Showing a large

Interlabial gap (>3mm) is the
most sinificant soft tissue
Charecteristic of a skeletal
Open bite. (A) Profile view.
(B) Frontal view with lips
closed showing mentalis strain
resulting from a large
interlabial gap.
 Charecteristics of Anterior Open Bite
 Features of Skeletal Anterior Open bite :-
 Also called Apertognathia
 Problem is related to skeletal bases.
 Long & narrow face with marked convex profile.
 Patients with underlying Skeletal class III bases may have concave
profile.
 May have a short upper lip with excessive maxillary incisor exposure.
 Increase in lower anterior facial height and decreased upper anterior
facial height.
 A steep mandibular plane angle. FMA is more than 30 degrees.
 Clockwise rotation or backward rotation of mandible.
 Small mandibular body & ramus.
 Divergent jaw bases as well as other horizontal cephalometric planes
 Upward rotation of maxillary jaw base.