CHEMISHTRY OF CLEANING
Lesson2 CHEMISTRY OF CLEANING
• OBJECTIVES
• Learn and understand basic chemical
safety practices.
• Learn and Understand the two(2)
basic types of soil.
• Learn and understand the seven(7)
basic types of cleaning agents.
• SINI AUTU
• Aoao ma malamalama i faiga faavae o
saogalemu o vailaau.
• Aoao ma malamalama i ituaiga
eleelea poo palapa’la e lua.
• Aoao ma malamalama i ituaiga autu e
fitu (7) o vailaau faamama.
 CHEMISTRY OF CLEANING

• Identify the effects of acidity or • Faailoa mai aafiaga o vailaau aava ma

alkalinity in cleaning agents. vailaau le aava ile faamama.

• Learn and understand the • Aoao ma malamalama i le taua o le

importance of using disinfectant faaaogaina o vailaau tape ai siama.
chemicals.
 SAFETY PRACTICES
• Good safety practices will help
prevent serious injuries to you,
visitors, patients, and especially staff.
• It is your responsibility to understand
and abide by safety guidelines.
1.Training:
• Pay close attention and listen
carefully during training sessions
provided, which delivers valuable
information’s about chemical safety!
• O faatinoga lelei o le saogalemu o le a
fesoasoani e puipuia ai manuaga
matui-a ia te oe, tagata asiasi, ma
gasegase, aemaise lava le
aufaigaluega.
• O lou tiutetauave le malamalama i
taiala mo le saogalemu.
• 1.aoaoga faamasani:
• Ia taulai atu ma le totoa ma faalogo
lelei i oaoga o loo tuuina atu, e
aumaia ai faamatalaga taua e uiga i
vailaau ma latou saogalemu!
 SAFETY PRACTICES
.
Labels and Documents:
• Read labels of any chemicals
• Follow manufacturers instructions and
warning carefully.
• Read and follow S.D.S safety manual.
• Never use unlabeled chemicals.
Igoa ma Faamatalaga:
• Faitau le igoa o soo se vailaau.
• Mulimuli I faatonuga mai falegaosimea ma
lapataiga ma le manino.
• Faitau ma mulimuli i famatalaga saogalemu o
vailaau.
• Aua nei faaaogaina vailaau e leai ni faailoilo.
 Safety Practice
. Flammability:
• Check flashpoints on product labels.
• Never use flammable products near
sparks, flames ( furnaces, kitchen,
boilers, gas, or burners)
• Always make sure there is adequate
ventilation when using cleaning
chemicals if they are flammable.
• Fua vevela:
• Siaki le fuavevela I luga o faailoilo.
• Aua nei faaaogaina vailaau mu gofie e
latalata i ni aloiafi, apeafi mumu
(furnaces, umukuka, boilers, kesi, po
o mu.)
• Ia mautinoa i taimi uma e lava le
avanoa pe a faaaoga ia vailaau
faamama pe afai e mu gofie.
 Safety Practice

.4- Personal Protection Equipment: 4 O au mea faigaluega e puipuia ai

oe
• If use toxic substances or strong
• Afai e faaaoga ni vailaau, po o ni vai
acids or alkaline chemicals always
a-ava malolosi, le a-ava malosi e
wear PPE!
tatau lava ona faia PPE.

• PPE includes:
• Gloves
• PPE e aofia ai:
• Totigilima
• Safety Goggles
• Goggles saogalemu
• Face Shields
• Fetaiai ma talita
• Aprons
• Talieleele
• Respiration
• Faamanava
 FAAMANATU

Remember to always wash your • Manatua e fufulu i taimi uma ou

hands before and after using any
chemicals”
“ Never mix any chemicals with
anything but water, and follow
dilution instructions exactly”
lima a o lei faaaogaina, ma pe a
uma ona faaaoga soo se vailaau "
• "Aua lava neie faafefiloia soo se
vailaau i soo se mea, vagana ai le
vai, ma ia mulimuli i faatonuga.
LEARN AND UNDERSTAND TWO
TYPES OF SOIL.
 TWO TYPES OF SOIL
• 1-Loose, dry soil:
• Also called dust or dry dirt, usually it
floats in the air and settles on
surfaces.
• Can usually be removed with
mechanical action alone.
• Examples: Sweeping, dust mopping,
wiping, vacuuming, and wet
mopping.
• 1 – Eleele pefu ma eleele Mago:
• E taua foi o le efuefu po o le eleele
matutu, e masani lava ona
faatafetafea i le ea, ma nofo I soo se
mea mafolafola.
• E masani lava ona aveesea i gaioiga
faatino.
• Faataitaiga: salusalu, oloolo, soloina,
saluina, ma le solo susu.
 2-Oily, Sticky Soil

• Also call Tracked in Soil. • Eleele soli mai totonu.

• Dirt mixed with grease and other oily
materials.
• Grease and Oils come from many
sources:
-> Foods, body contact, lubricants,
engine exhaust fumes.
• Ua fefiloi le palapala ma gao ma
suauu.
• O gao-a ma suauu e mai i le tele o
punaoa:
- Meaai, fesootaiga o le tino,
gao maseese ma ea mai afi.
 2-Oily, Sticky Soil

• Oily soil is often tracked into • O le eleele suauua e masani ona

buildings on peoples shoes.
• The longer this type of soil stays
on surface, the more it bonds to
that surface and the harder it is
to remove.
soli mai i fale i seevae o tagata.
• O le umi o nei ituaiga o eleele I
luga o fola, o le a pipii ma faigata
ona aveesea.
Learn and Understand the seven(7) basic
types of cleaning agents”
 Cleaning agents are products that
remove soil from surfaces.

1. Water/Steam • Vai/ausa
2. Natural Soap • Fasimoli faanatura
3. Synthetic Detergents • Pauta faamama
4. Solvent Cleaners • Solvent (faigofie ona mu)
5. Acid Cleaners • Vailaau aava
6. Alkaline Cleaners • Vailaau le aava
7. Abrasive Cleaners • Faamama ----
 CLEANING AGENT
DESCRIPTION
• Water
• Water works well when soil contain no oil.
• Natural Soap.
• Natural soap increase the cleaning power
of water because they penetrate soil and
wet the surface underneath so the soil can
remove more easily.
• Acid Cleaner
• Acid cleaner removed mineral deposits
and rust stains left by water that you
might find under the flushing rims of
toilets or urinals.
• Vai
• E aoga le vai pe afai e le o i ai se suauu i le
eleele.
• Fasimoli faanatura.
• O le fasimoli e faaleleia atili le aoga o le
vai, ona latou te ulufia le eleele ma susu ai
nofoaga ina ia faigofie ai ona aveese le
eleele.
Aava malosi
• O aava malolosi ua aveesea palapala ma
ele pipii o loo totoe mai le vai, e mafai ona
e maua i lalo o augutu o paipa ma ipu o
faleletaua .
 CLEANING AGENT DESCRIPTION

• Alkaline Cleaner • Alkalane .

• Alkaline cleaner removed most greasy and
oily soil have acid components.
• Abrasive cleaners:
• Remove and clean by physically abrading,
scratching or scraping away scrubbing soil.
• O Alkalane ua aveesea ai le tele o palapala
oloo pipii/feifeloi ma le gao/suauu ua i ai
ni vaega ole sua aava.
• Abrasive cleaners:
• Aveese ma famama e ala I galuega faatino
pei ole oloolo ma valuvalu ona o tulaga
pipii ose eleelea
 continue

• Greasy or oily soils are usually acidic
and require an alkaline cleaner to
remove them.
* Rust and mineral deposits are usually
alkaline and require an acidic cleaner
to remove them.
• gaoa po o eleele suauua e masani
lava ona acidic ma e manaomia ai se
vailaau e iai le alkaline e aveesea ai.
* O ele, ma palapal’a mai le va, e masani
lava ona alkaline ma e manaomia ai
se vailaau e iai le acid e aveese ai.
IEDENTIFY THE EFFECTS OF ACIDITY or
ALKALINITY IN CLEANING AGENTS.
 “POWER OF HYDROGEN”

P.H stands for “ POWER OF HYDROGEN”, when you know the

pH factor of a cleaning agent, you can tell how strong the
product is and how safe it is to handle!
 “Dilution”
it is the process of decreasing the concentration
of solute (chemical) in to solution (water)

• Another thing that affects the • O le isi lea aafiaga o malosi o

strength of cleaning agents is vailaau o fesuisuiaiga o vailaau.
dilution.
 “Dilution”

• A cleaning agent’s “dilution ratio”

• O fesuiaiga ole vailaau" e faailoa ai le
indicates how much water must be
aofai o le vai e tatau ona fefiloi ma le
mixed with the product to get the
vailaau e maua ai le malosi lelei mo
optimum cleaning power.
le faamamaina.
• Ratios are expressed as “ I to X “ or 1
• O Ratios ua faaalia o le “1 ile X" po o
unit of cleaning agent to x units of
le 1 iunite o le vailaau il e X iunite o
water.
le vai.
 Dilution

• For example , a 1 to 256 dilution • Mo se faataitaiga, o le 1 i le 256 le

ratio also shown as ( 1:256)
means that 1 part cleaning agent
should be mixed with 256 parts
of water in order for the product
to perform as the manufacturer
intended.
fua, po o le (1:256) o lona uiga o
le 1 vaega o le vailaau e tatau ona
fefiloi ma le 256 vaega o le vai ina
ia mafai ona maua le lelelei ole
vailaau pei ona faamoemoeina.
 Dilution

• For example: • Faataitaiga:

• One gallon contains 128 ounces.
In volume units, 1 to 256 means
that ½ ounce of cleaning agent
should be mixed with 1 gallon of
water.
• O le kalone e tasi e aofia ai le 128
aunese. I le aofaiga ole fua- 1 i le
256 o lona uiga o le 1/2 aunese
vailaau-e tatau ona fefiloi ma le 1
kalone o vai.
Identify the non-chemical factors
that affect cleaning
 DESCRIPTION
• Water Temperature:
 Hot water can have an adverse effect
and cause problem.
 Regulations require the water to not
be hotter than 120 degrees.
• Contact time:
 It is length of time that a cleaning
solution stays on a surface before it is
rinsed off or removed.
• Vevela vai:
• O le vai vevela e mafai ona i ai se
aafiaga faigata ma e mafua ai se
faafitauli.
• Aiaiga le vevela ole vai etatau ona i
lalo ole 120 le vevela.
• O le umi o le taimi e tatau on a nofo
ai le vailaau I luga ose nofoaga faatoa
solo ai ma faamama.
 DESCRIPTION
• Mechanical Action:
• It is a combination of physical forces to
help remove soils from surface.
 Although cleaning chemicals
penetrate surface and suspend soil,
they cannot complete the cleaning
process by themselves.
 Works must use brush agitation,
water pressure, abrasive pads or
vacuum to finish breaking up and
removing the soil.
• Faainisinia
Tusa lava poo vailaau e ulufia le
eleelea ma faatapeape le palapala
ele mafai ona latou faamaeaina le
faamama.
• Vagana, e tatau i le tagata faigaluega
ona faaaoga mea faigaluega
faainisinia e famaea mafaamama
lelei ai le palapala, ma aveese ai le
eleelea.
Learn and understand the importance of using disinfectant
chemicals.
 DISTRICTION

• Disinfection: • Faamamaina o siama e ala I

 One of the most important jobs vaila’au:
as a custodian is to kill germs, • O se tasi o galuega sili ona taua i le
bacteria, and viruses or stop their avea ai o se Tausifale o le
growth before they make people faaitiitia/tape lea o siama, ma
sick. taofia lo latou tuputupu ae latou te
lei faamama’iina tagata.
• Methods of germ
control; • O metotia efaaititia ai
• 1-Sanitation siama;
• 1-Tumama
• 2-Disinfection
• 2-Tineia lea o siama
• 3-Sterilization
• 3-Sterilization
 CONTINUE

• Disinfection: • Faamamaina o siama ose auala e

• it is the process of cleaning faaogaina e faaoga ai vailaau e
something, especially with a faaumatia/tape ai siama:
chemical, in order to destroy
bacteria.
• O vailaau e faaoga ai e tape ai siama
• Disinfectant
ininii.
• Chemical agents that free/kill harmful
microorganisms (bacteria and fungi)
 Types of Disinfectants

• Natural Pine oil • Hypochlorite: ( Clorox)

• Iodine  Disinfectants work only on surfaces
• Iodophors that are already clean. It is used as a
• Hypochlorite second step disinfectant.
• Synthetic Phenols
• Quaternary ammonium compounds • Quaternary ammonium compounds
• Peroxide • Quats are potent/powerful
disinfectant chemicals commonly
found in disinfectant wipes, sprays
and other household cleaners that
are designed to kill germs.
 Example: virex II 265
Triad III
 Hypochlorite
DISIFECTANT

• Clorox:
• Two step disinfectant cleaner.
• Hazards
• Eye irritation
• Throat and respiratory tract irritation
• Burn mouth, throat and stomach.
• Voc (volatile Organic Compounds)
• Bleach must be applied to a surface
that has previously been cleaned
with an appropriate detergent.
• TULAGA MATAUTIA.
• Malosi mata.
• Aafia Faai, ma ala manava.
• Mu le totonu ole gutu, puta ma ala
manava.
• Voc ( manogi poo “mist” mai vailaau
pe a faaoga.)
• E tatau ona faʻaaogaina I nofoaga ua
uma ona faamamaina lelei ise
vailaau faamama.
 Clorox
• Bleach is solely a disinfectant and can
be inactivated by microscopic organic
debris.
• Bleach rapidly degrades in the
presence of light and when mixed
with water.
• Kill time 10minutes but if evaporates
in less than 10mins , greater volume
of solution should be applied.
• Ole bleach e na o se fomaʻi, ma e le
mafai ona faʻamalosia isi siama ninii
mai palapala.
• E vave faʻaitiitia le malosi i luma o le
malamalama ma pe a faʻafefiloi ma le
vai.
• E malosi - 10 minute, ae afai e
faʻaitiitia i lalo ifo o le 10 minute, e
tatau ona faʻaaoga se isi malosi e sili
atu.
 Quaternary ammonium compounds.
DISINFECTANT

• VIREX II256/TRIAD III

• One step disinfectant cleaner. • TULAGA MATAUTIA.
• Hazards • Malosi mata.
• Eye irritation • Aafia Faai, ma ala manava.
• Throat and respiratory tract irritation • Mu le totonu ole gutu, puta ma ala
• Burn mouth, throat and stomach. manava.
• Voc (volatile Organic Compounds) • Voc ( manogi poo le mist mai le vailaau pe
a faaoga.)
• Kill time – 10mins • Taimi faatulagaina – 10 minute.
• Ph-10.5 • Ph-10.5
• Color –blue • Lanu – lanu moana
• Dilution ph: 8.8 @ 1.256.
 Guidelines For Using Cleaning Chemicals

• Do not mix chemicals: • Aua le faafefiloi vailaau:

• Dilute chemicals only with water, and
then according to the manufacturers
directions.
• Make sure all chemical containers are
properly labeled.
• Store chemicals in appropriate, safe,
secure places.
• Fesuiai vailaau na ole vai, ma
faalagolago i faatonuga mai
falegaosimea.
• Ia mautinoa o loo tusia faalelei ia igoa
vailaau uma.
• Ia teu vailaau i nofoaga talafeagai,
saogalemu, ma mautu.
 Guidelines For Using Cleaning Chemicals

• Bring to your work area only amounts • Aumai i le nofoaga faigaluega na o le

of chemicals necessary to do the job.
• Use P.P.E to protect yourself against
spills and splashes of chemicals.
• Wash your hands or affected skin
immediately in case of spills.
aofaiga o vailaau e manaomia e fai ai
le galuega.
• Faaaoga au mea faigaluega
saogalemu e puipuia ai oe lava mai
masaasaa ma pisipisi o vailaau.
• Fufulu ou lima po ose vaega o lu tino
ua aafia i le taimi lava e masaasaa ai.
 Guidelines For Using Cleaning Chemicals
• If you don’t know what chemical is,
how to use it, or what its potential
hazards are, ask your supervisor or
instructions first.
• Remove leaking containers. Shift
contents to another container and re-
label it. Do not discard a container in
the trash or pour chemical down a
drain without prior approval from
your supervisor.
• Afai e te le iloa po o le a le vailaau, e
faapefea ona faaaoga, po o le a foi
ona faigata e ono i ai, fesili muamua
atu i lou supavaisa po o faatonuga.
• Aveese fagu ua leaga. O kalone
fesuiai e tatau ona toe tisia igoa.
Aua le sasaaina vailaau i kalone lapisi
ma lua poo alavai, ae lei logo ina lau
supavisa.
MALO LE ONOSAI