Drilling Machine များအကြောင်း ဆွေးနွေးတင်ပြခြင်း

ဆွေးနွေးသူ - ကြည်း ၆၂၃၇၆ ဗို လ်ကြီး ကျော်မြတ်

Objectives

 Introduction

 Drilling Machine

 Types Of Drilling Machine

 Structure Of Drilling Machines

 Drilling Processes

 Drilling Tools

 Precautions For Drilling Machine

 Safety Precautions

 Conclusion
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 Introduction

Drilling is a metal cutting process carried out by a rotating cutting tool to make ,
circular holes in solid materials.

Drilling Machine

 A power operated machine tool which holes the drill in its spindle rotating at high
speed and when actuated move linearly against the workpiece produces a hole.
 To create cylindrical holes in a workpiece.

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Types Of Drilling

 Machine
Portable Drilling Machine
 Sensitive Drilling Machine
(a) Bench Mounting Type
(b) Floor Mounting Type
 Upright Drilling Machine
(a) Round Column Type
(b) Box Column Type
 Radial Drilling Machine
(a) Plain
(b) Semi – universal
(c) Universal
 Gang Drilling Machine
 Multiple Spindle Machine
 Automatic Drilling Machine
 Deep Hole Drilling Machine
(a) Vertical
(b) Horizontal
 Vertical Turret Type Drilling Machine
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Structure Of Drilling Machines

Portable Drilling Machine

 A small compact in construction and used for drilling small diameter holes.
 Cased for drilling holes in workpieces in any position without moving workpiece.
 Cannot be drilling by a standard drilling machine.
 Operate at fairly high speeds and accommodate drills up to 12 mm in diameter.

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Sensitive Drilling Machine
 It is a small bench type machine used for drilling small holes in light jobs at high
speed
 As the operator can sense the drilling action in the workpiece at any instant , it is
called sensitive drilling machine.
 Typically the smallest diameter which may be drilled is 0.35 mm and largest
diameter is 15.5 mm.
 Classification Based on the mounting of the base
- Bench mounted drilling machine
- Floor mounted drilling machine

Parts
 Vertical Main Column
 Base
 Moving Drill Head
 Work Table
 Electrical Motor
 Variable Speed Gear Box and Spindle
Feed Mechanism
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Bench Mounted Drilling Machine Floor Mounted Drilling Machine

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Upright Drilling Machine
 This Machine is Larger and heavier than a sensitive drilling machine
 Upright drilling machine are available in various sizes and drilling capacities ,
ranging up to 75 mm diameter drills.
 The table of the machine also has different types of adjustments to accommodate
different shapes of work.
 Based on the construction , Upright drilling machines Classification
- Round column type or pillar type drilling machine
- Box column type

Parts
 Vertical Main Column
 Base
 Moving Drill Head
 Work Table
 Electrical Motor
 Variable Speed Gear Box and
Spindle Feed Mechanism

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Round Column Type Box Column Type

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Radial Drilling Machine

 This is most versatile and largest of all drilling machines having single
spindle meant for accommodating large components.
 Arm can be vertically raised or lowered on the column.
 These three adjustments of arm and drilling head permit the operator to
locate the drill quickly over any point on the work.
 The movements may be either manual or power driven. The table of radial drilling
machine may also be rotated through 360°
 Based on the construction , radial drilling machines Classification
(a) Plain
(b) Semi – universal
(c) Universal

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Parts
 Vertical Main Column
 Heavy Base
 Horizontal Arm
 Work Table
 Electrical Motor
 Variable Speed Gear Box and Spindle
Feed Mechanism

Plain Semi – universal Universal

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 Gang Drilling Machine

 Gang drilling machine comprises of a number of single spindle drilling machine

column placed side by side
 This spindles can run either simultaneously or in sequence
 This machine finds application in straight line , multiple holes drilling in castings ,
plates and steel sections

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Multiple Spindle Machine

 This machine comprise of several drill bits mounted on spindles which are feed into the
works simultaneously
 Generally these machines are of vertical type
 The drilling operations consist of rapid advance of drills to work , proper feed and rapid
return of drills to original position

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Automatic Drilling Machine
 These are used for very fast production work
 The work is transferred from one unit to another automatically
 Different operations at various units are facilitated by indexing tables and work
holding fixtures

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Deep Hole Drilling Machine

 Deep hole drilling machines and drills are used for making holes where the length of
the holes exceeds three times the drill size
 The machine is operated at high speed and low feed
 The machine may be vertical or horizontal type with single or multiple spindles

Vertical Horizontal
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Vertical Turret Type Drilling Machine

 This type of machines work in similar manner as turret lathe

 Various spindles on the turret can be manually or automatically indexed
 The spindles can be driven only when they come to drilling position

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 Drilling Processes

 Drilling
 Boring
 Countersinking
 Tapping
 Reaming
 Counter Boring
 Spot Facing
 Lapping
 Trepanning

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Drilling
 It is the operation of producing a cylindrical hole by
removing metal by rotating edge of a cutting tool
called the drill
 The drilling is one of the simplest methods of
producing a hole

Boring
 It is process carried on a drilling machine to
increase the size of an already drilled hole
 Initially a hole is drilled to the nearest size and
using a boring tool the size of the hole is
increased.

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Countersinking
 This is an operation of making the end of a hole into
a conical shape
 Cutting speed = had of the cutting speed of drilling
for same hole

Tapping
 Process of cutting internal threads with a thread
tool called as tap
 Tap is a fluted threaded tool used for cutting
internal thread
 Cutting speed is very slow

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Reaming
 It is a process of smoothing the surface of drilled
holes with a tool
 Tool is called as reamer
 Initially a hole is drilled slightly smaller in size
 Speed is reduced to half that of the drilling
 To obtain both a more accurate diameter and a
smoother internal finish

Counter Boring
 This process involves increasing the size of a hole
at only one end
 Cutting tool will have a small cylindrical portion
called pilot
 Cutting speed = two thirds of the drilling speed for
the same hole
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Spot Facing
 It is a finishing operation to produce flat round
surface usually around a drilled hole, for proper
seating of bolt head or nut
 It is done using a special spot facing tool

Lapping
 It is the operation of sizing and finishing a small
diameter hole already hardened , using a lapping
tool by removing a very small amount of material by
 Generally used laps are copper head laps
 It fits in the hole and removes metal as it is moved
up and down while it revolves

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Trepanning
 It is an operation of producing a hole by
removing metal along the circumference of a
hollow cutting tool
 The tool looks like a hollow tube , the walls
acting as cutting edges
 The tool may be operated at higher speeds as the
variation in diameter of the tool is limited by the
narrow cutting edges
 This is one of the efficient methods of producing
a hole

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 Drilling Tools

 Drilling
- Centre Drill
- Twist Drill
 Boring
 Countersinking
 Tapping
 Reaming
 Counter Boring
 Spot Facing
 Lapping
 Trepanning

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The various types of drilling machine tools are the following;

Centre Drill

Twist Drill
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 Boring Tools

Countersink Tools
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 Tapping Tools

Reamer Tools
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Counter Boring

Spot Facing
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 Lapping

Trepanning
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Precautions For Drilling Machine

 Lubrication is important to remove heat and friction

 Machines should be cleaned after use

 Chips should be removed using brush

 T-Slot , grooves , spindles sleeves , belts , pulley should be cleaned

 Machines should be lightly oiled to prevent from rusting

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Safety Precautions

 Do not support the work piece by hand used work holding device

 Use brush to clean the chip

 No adjustments while the machine is operating

 Ensure for the cutting tools running straight before the operation

 Never place tools on the drilling table

 Avoid loose clothing and protect the eyes

 Ease the feed if drill bit breaks inside the work piece

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 Conclusion

A drill is a tool primarily used for making round holes or driving fasteners. It is

fitted with a bit , either a drill or driver , depending on application , secured by a chuck.

Some powered drills also include a hammer function. Drill vary widely in speed ,

power , and size . They are characteristically corded electrically driven devices , with

hand operated types dramatically decreasing in popularity and cordless battery

powered ones proliferating. Drills are commonly used in woodworking , metalworking ,

machine tool fabrication , construction and utility projects.

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Any Question ?

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Thank You

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