PneumoniA

PEDIATRIC COMMUNITY
ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA

Barahama, Aiza A.
Presenter
Table of contents
What is
01 02
pneumonia 03and
Signs
Types of symptoms
PAtient profile
pneumonia

04 05
Causes and Treatment and
diagnosis management
 Patient profile
Name: Patient A.
Age: 4 year old
Medical diagnosis: PCAP
Sex: Male

Health History:

Anuar 4 year old who developed a productive cough

four days prior to being seen by a physician. The
sputum is thick and yellow. He developed a fever, chills.
One day ago he developed difficulty breathing the
mother said “I just thought he had the flu."
 What is
pneumonia?

is a form of acute respiratory infection that affects the lungs. The lungs are made up of
small sacs called alveoli, which fill with air when a healthy person breathes. When an
individual has pneumonia, the alveoli are filled with pus and fluid, which makes breathing
painful and limits oxygen intake.
TYPES OF PNEUMONIA

Community Hospital Aspiration

acquired acquired Pneumonia
pneumonia pneumonia
 Signs and symptoms

The signs and symptoms of

pneumonia may include:

Cough, which may produce

greenish, yellow or even bloody
mucus. Fever, sweating and
shaking chills. Shortness of
breath.
Rapid, shallow breathing.
Sharp or stabbing chest pain that
gets worse when you breathe
deeply or cough. Loss of appetite,
low energy, and fatigue.
 Causes of
pneumonia
•Bacteria
•Viruses
•Fungi
RISK FACTORS
● Children who are 2 years old or younger
● People who are age 65 or older
● Being hospitalized
● Chronic disease (Asthma, COPD, heart
disease)
● Smoking
● Weakened or suppressed immune system
● Drinking heavy amounts of alcohol
Diagnosis
A chest X-ray is often used to diagnose pneumonia.
Blood tests, such as a complete blood count (CBC)
see whether your immune system is fighting an
infection. Pulse oximetry measures how much
oxygen is in your blood. Pneumonia can keep your
lungs from getting enough oxygen into your blood.
 Treatment
•Antibiotics may be prescribed for bacterial
pneumonia. ...
•Antiviral medicine is sometimes prescribed for
viral pneumonia. ...
•Antifungal medicines are prescribed for fungal
pneumonia.
Nursing
management
•Administer oxygen as prescribed.
•Monitor respiratory status.
•Monitor for labored respirations, cyanosis, and cold and clammy skin.
•Monitor pulse oximetry.
•Monitor and record color, consistency, and amount of sputum.
•Provide a balance of rest and activity, increasing activity gradually.
•Administer antibiotics as prescribed.
•Administer antipyretics, bronchodilators, cough suppressants, mucolytic agents, and expectorants
as prescribed.
•Prevent the spread of infection by hand washing and the proper disposal of secretions.
 ASSESSMENT DIAGNOSIS
nursing care plan
OUTCOME INTERVENTION RAIONALE EVALUATION

Subjective: Ineffective airway After 8 hrs. Of • Raise the side rail of the bed • This is to ensure patient safety After 8 hrs. Of
“Nahihirapan clearance related to nursing interventions, of the patient nursing
huminga ang baby increased production the mother of the • Elevate the head of the bed, • Lowers diaphragm, promoting interventions, the
ko dahil sa ubo” as of secretions as patient will change position frequently. chest expansion. and mother was able to
verbalized by the evidenced by positive demonstrate expectoration of secretions. demonstrate
mother. crackles in both lower improvement • Assess respiratory rate, depth • Manifestatio n of respiratory behaviors of the
lobe of the lungs behaviors of the and ease. distress is dependent on the patient’s improved
Obiective: secondary to PCAP- patient’s airway degree of lung involvement and airway clearance,
Positive crackles in C clearance, cough underlying general status. cough effectively and
both lower lobe, effectively and • Monitor body temperature • High fever greatly increases expectorate
capillary refill greater expectorate • Suction as indicated metabolic demands and oxygen secretions with the
than 3 seconds, vital secretions and the consumption and alters cellular latest vital signs RR-
signs taken patient will oxygenation. 30 bpm PR-100 bpm
RR- 60 bpm demonstrate normal • Administer medication as • Suctioning can help maintain O2 sat- 98% Temp-
PR- 130 bpm vital signs. prescribed by the physician. and establish the gas exchange, 37 C
Temp-38 adequate oxygenation, and
O2 SAT -92% alveolar ventilation.
• Provide supplemental • to decrease mucus and to
humidification like nebulizer. improve respiration. ∙Humidity
helps reduce viscosity of
secretions, facilitating
expectoration , and may reduce
or prevent formation of thick
mucus plugs in
NAME OF THE DRUG DOSAGE/
FREQUENCY/TIME/
drug study
Mechanism of action INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES
ROUTE

Generic Name: As prescribed by the Gentamicin also To treat serious Hypersensi tivity or • nephrotoxic ity Administr ation:
Gentamicin physician for patient binds to bacterial bacterial infections serious toxic reaction (serum BUN and • Don't give
Anuar : ribosomal subunits caused by organisms to other aminoglyco creatinine will gentamici n
Brand Name: DOSAGE: and inhibits protein sides, hypersensit increase). through the same
Garamycin C ROUTE: IV synthesis. Both ivity to gentamicin оr neurotoxicit y I.V. line as other
FREQUENCY: actions lead to cell its component s. drugs without first
lassificati on: death. • CNS: fever, consulting
Aminoglyc oside headache, pharmaci sts.
Antibiotic lethargy, Assess:
peripheral • Before gentamici
neuropathy or n therapy begins,
encephalop athy expect to obtain a
(muscle twitching, body fluid or
numbness, tissue specimen
seizures, skin for culture and
tingling), sensitivity testing,
as ordered, or
check test results,
if available.

• Assess patient for

evidence of other
infections
because
gentamici n may
cause overgrowt
h of nonsusce
ptible organism s.
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Review of systems

mercury mars
Mercury is the closest planet Despite being red, Mars is a
to the Sun cold place

venus jupiter
Venus is the second planet Jupiter is a gas giant and the
from the Sun biggest planet
TYPES OF PNEUMONIA

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PATIENT MEDICAL HISTORY
2010 MERCURY
Mercury is the closest planet to
the Sun

SARAH 2017 MARS

PATTERSON Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place
● Age: 50
●
●
Gender: Female
Allergies: None
2020 SATURN
● Location: Madrid, Spain Saturn is a gas giant and has
several rings
 A picture is
worth a thousand
words
COMPARISON
SYMPTOMA
RECOVERY DISCHARGE
TOLOGY
PATIENT 1 Mars is cold 10%

PATIENT 2 Mercury is small 25%

PATIENT 3 Venus is hot 30%

PATIENT 4 Jupiter is big 35%

PATIENT MONITORING
WEEK
47 1
Venus is the second planet
% from the Sun

23 WEEK
% 2
Jupiter is the biggest
55 planet of them all

% WEEK
3
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new Despite being red, Mars is
one here. For more info, click here actually cold
COMPUTER
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THE DISEASE IN DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES
VENUS
Venus is the second planet
from the Sun

MERCURY
Mercury is a very small
planet
 1925
Year when lipid pneumonia was first described
covid-19 worsening the conditions of
patients
25 50 75
% % %
venus mars saturn
It’s the second planet from It’s actually a very cold It’s composed of hydrogen
the Sun place and helium
DIAGNOSIS

VENUS MARS SATURN

Venus is the second planet Mars is actually a very Saturn is composed of
from the Sun cold place hydrogen

MERCURY JUPITER NEPTUNE

Mercury is a very small Jupiter is the biggest Neptune is very far away
planet planet of them all from the Sun
TREATMENT

MERCURY VENUS
Mercury is the closest planet to the Venus has a beautiful name and is the
Sun and the smallest one in the Solar second planet from the Sun
System
CONTRAINDICATIONS &
INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICAT
IONS INDICATIONS
● Describe the reasons to stop the ● Describe the reasons to start the
treatment here treatment here
● Describe the reasons to stop the ● Describe the reasons to start the
treatment here treatment here
● Describe the reasons to stop the ● Describe the reasons to start the
treatment here treatment here
post-prevention

MERCU MARS
RY
It’s the smallest planet of Despite being red, Mars
them all is a cold place

VENUS Saturn
Venus is the second It’s composed of
planet from the Sun hydrogen and helium
Case timeline
Venus is the second Despite being red, Mars It’s the biggest planet of
planet from the Sun is a cold place them all

venus mars jupiter

1 2 3 4 5

mercury saturn
It’s the closest planet to It’s a gas giant and has
the Sun several rings
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