PHILIPPINE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

PHILIPPINES AS A STATE
Statehood was only achieved by the Philippines in
the middle part of the 20th century, when the
Americans finally emancipated the Filipinos and
grant independence on July 4, 1946

Being weaned from the American masters,

administering the affairs of the state was quite a
challenge
Philippine Public Administration

The new Roxas administration relied

on the support of the US hence
laws, policies were American-
influenced
 GOOD GOVERNANCE

Entails certain characteristics:

• Participatory
• Transparent
• Accountable
• Effective
• Equitable
• Promotes the rule of law
 Good Governance

• ensures that political, social and

economic priorities are based on broad
consensus in society
• voices of the poorest and the most
vulnerable are heard in decision-making
over the allocation of development
resources.
 5 E’s and an A Framework
• Economy – administering the state must cost-efficient
• Efficiency – bureaucratic goals are met with least time and
effort
• Effectiveness – outputs and outcomes must be of quality
• Equity – prioritizing delivery of services to the needy and less
fortunate citizens; public service must impact the most
deprived members of the populace
• Ethics - public servants are possessors of virtues such as
responsibility, trustworthiness, honesty, and impartiality

• Accountability – degree of “answerability” of the duty-bearers to the public as

“claimholders” emanating from the principle that: public office is a public
trust
 APPROACHES TO PA
•Managerial Approach
related to the executive function of the government
emphasizing on the management and organization of public
offices

•Political Approach
related to the legislative function of the government and is
concerned with policy formulation

•Legal Approach
judicial functions in government which emphasizes the
administrators' role in applying and enforcing the law
concerned with the adjudicatory role (dispute settlement)
 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

• action part of government; the means by which the

purposes and goals of government are realized
(Rossenbloom, 1989)
• emphasis on bureaucratic structure and behavior
and its methodologies

• may refer to the cooperative human action whether

within the public bureaucracy, the private sector
or in nongovernmental organizations aimed at
delivering services to the people (De Guzman, 1993)
 FIELDS OF PA

• Organizational Management (OM)

• Public Personnel Management
• Local & Regional Governance
• Fiscal Administration
• Public Policy Analysis & Program
Administration
 EMERGING FIELDS OF PA

• Public Enterprise Management

• Voluntary Sector Management
• Spatial Information Management
 BUREAUCRACY

• Administering the affairs of the state

is quite complex, hence the need to
adopt organizing principles for the
coordination in large organizations
• Most efficient form of organization
for administrative purposes (Weber, 1913)
 BUREAUCRACY

• Hierarchy of offices
• Rules-based
• Impersonal
• Division of labor
• Merit system in hiring & promotion
• Security of tenure against arbitrary
dismissal
 PD 807 (CIVIL SERVICE LAW; Sec 4-7)

1. Career Service position

• entry is based on merit & fitness
under competitive examinations
• Security of tenure
• Opportunity to advance to higher
positions
 Career Service Positions

1. open career positions

entry is through competitive exams
2. Closed career positions
Highly technical positions
(ex: faculty of State Universities)
3. Career Executive Service (CESO)
Directors , Asst. Directors
4. Career officers appointed by the President like
the Foreign Service Officers
5.Commissioned Officers of the AFP
6. Personnel of GOCC not falling under career
service
7. Permanent laborers whether skilled, semi-skilled,
unskilled
 Non-Career Service Positions

• Entry is on other considerations,other

than merits and exams

• No security of tenure (only limited to

a period specified by law
 Non-Career Positions

1. Elected and their confidential staff

2. Department heads and other officials with
Cabinet rank (holds office at the pleasure of
the appointing power
3. Chair and members of Commissions & boards
with fixed term
4. Contractual Personnel
5. Seasonal/emergency personnel
 ADMINISTRATIVE BODIES

• Agency or government authority (other than

a court and a legislature)

• functions primarily as an executive

body, but nevertheless exercises a
certain form of legislative and
judicial powers
 Agency Powers and the Constitution

Administrative agencies exercise powers

normally divided among the three
branches of the government namely:
• Enforcement (execution) of the rules
• Rulemaking (quasi-legislative)
• Adjudication (quasi-judicial)
 Doctrine of proper delegation

• Congress has the power to establish

agencies that can create rules
for implementing those laws
 Quasi-judicial power

• Adjudicatory power or power to settle

disputes
• Must observe the rudiments of fair play of
administrative due process
• Must adhere to the basic principle of DEAR or
the Doctrine of Exhaustion of Administrative
Remedies before seeking judicial intervention
or court litigation
 CASE DIGESTS

• Tasks Ahead: Digesting Actual cases decided by

the Supreme Court applying Administrative Law
• References shall be the Supreme Court Reports
Annotated (SCRA)
• Skills: Ability to probe and analyze
Logic and incisiveness
Facility in oral and written communication
MORE TASKS

Read , Read, Read Lecture

Notes and Assigned cases
• PROVE !!!
That you are:
POLITICAL, RATIONAL,
LOGICAL ANIMALS