Programmation Csharp2

Windows programming
Willy-joël TCHANA
Software engineer : Software Architect
CEO of Over Soft Solution
1 @willytchana @osschannel +237 677 392 752

2 Agenda
 Prerequisites
 Basics of Csharp language
3 Prerequisites
 Computer Core i5, 8 Gb RAM recommended

 Windows OS 10 last update
 The dotnet Framework 4.8
 IDE Visual studio latest
 Platform programming language
Prerequisites
4
Computer Core i5, 8 Gb RAM recommended
Prerequisites
5 Computer Core i5, 8 Gb RAM recommended
Prerequisites
6 Windows OS 10 last update
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=799445
Prerequisites
7 The dotnet Framework 4.8
 A Framework
 .Net Framework 4x
 .Net Core 3x
 .Net 5
 A runtime
8
Prerequisites
IDE Visual Studio latest
 VS Installer
 h
tps://visualstudio.microsoft.com/fr/thank-you-downloading-visual-studio/?sku
=Community&rel=16
 VS 2019 Community
 Outlook account
Prerequisites
9
IDE Visual Studio latest: Visual studio installer
Prerequisites
10
IDE Visual Studio latest: VS installer
Prerequisites
11
IDE Visual Studio latest: VS 2019 community
Prerequisites
12
IDE Visual Studio latest: VS 2019 with account
Prerequisites
13 Platform programming language
 VB.NET
 C++
 F#
 C#
 All this language are oriented programming language
Prerequisites
14 Platform programming language
Basics of Csharp language
15
 Syntax
 Base data types
 Variable declaration
 Assignment
 Cast
 Input / Output (I/O)*
 Operators
 Conditional instructions
 Iterative instructions
 Arrays
 Functions
 Nullable types*
 Data structures
 Tuple & ValueTuple*
 Conventions
16 Syntax
using System;
namespace MyCSharpProject
{
class Program
{
/*Like C program,
C# start with execution with main function
*/
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string message = "Hello World!!";
//Print to screen
Console.WriteLine(message);
}
}
}
17 Base data types: Numbers
18 Base data types: Strings
 char: 'a', '1', '+'

 string: "this is a string", "s"
 Special Characters
 \
 \n, \t, \r, etc.
 Escape Sequence : @
 Ex: @"xyzdefr\abc";
 String concatenation
 Ex: "Mr." + firstName + " " + lastName + ", Code: " + code;
 String Interpolation : $
 $"Mr. {firstName} {lastName}, Code: {code}";
19 Base data types: Boolean
 bool: true, false

20 Base data types: DateTime
 DateTime is not a C# data type, it’s a .Net

Framework type
 You need to import namespace System
 ISO Format: yyyy-MM-dd
21 Base data types: enum
 An enum (or enumeration type) is used to assign constant names to a group of numeric integer values.
 An enum is defined using the enum keyword, directly inside a namespace, class, or structure
enum WeekDays
{
Monday, // 0
Tuesday, // 1
Wednesday, // 2
Thursday, // 3
Friday, // 4
Saturday, // 5
Sunday // 6
}
22 Base data types: Assign values to enum members
enum Categories
{
Electronics, // 0
Food, // 1
Automotive = 6, // 6
Arts, // 7
BeautyCare, // 8
Fashion // 9
}
23 Base data types: Access enum
Console.WriteLine(WeekDays.Monday); // Monday
Console.WriteLine(WeekDays.Tuesday); // Tuesday
Console.WriteLine(WeekDays.Wednesday); // Wednesday
Console.WriteLine(WeekDays.Thursday); // Thursday
Console.WriteLine(WeekDays.Friday); // Friday
Console.WriteLine(WeekDays.Saturday); // Saturday
Console.WriteLine(WeekDays.Sunday); // Sunday
24 Variable declaration
 int num;
 float rate;
 decimal amount;
 char code;
 bool isValid;
 string name;
 DateTime date;
25 Assignment
 num = 100;
 rate = 10.2f;
 amount = 100.50M;
 char code = 'C';
 bool isValid = true;
 string name = "Steve";
 DateTime date = new DateTime(2020, 12, 31);
26 Assignment: var keyword
 var num = 100;

 var date = new DateTime(2020, 12, 31);
27 Cast: number to number
 double price = (double)100;

 float price = (float)num;
 var num = (int) price;
 int day = (int)WeekDays.Friday;
 var wd = (WeekDays)5;
28 Cast: number to string
 string text = price.ToString();

 var amount = price.ToString("N2")
29 Cast: number to string
 string text = price.ToString();

 var amount = price.ToString("N2");
 string today = date.ToString("dd/MM/yyyy");
30 Cast: string to number
 int num = int.Parse("100");

 int num = int.Parse("100 0"); //Compiling error
 int num;
 bool canParse = int.TryParse("100 0", out num);
 bool canParse = int.TryParse("100,0", out num); //Compiling error if your
system is in English
 WeekDays wd = (WeekDays)Enum.Parse(typeof(WeekDays), "Wenesday");
 WeekDays wd;
 bool canParse = Enum.TryParse("Wenesday", out wd);
 bool.Parse(string);
 double.Parse(string);
 DateTime.Parse(string);
 Etc.
31
Input / Output
 int Console.Read();
 string Console.ReadLine();
 ConsoleKeyInfo Console.ReadKey();
 void Console.Write(string);
 void Console.Write(string, object[]);
 void Console.WriteLine(string);
 void Console.WriteLine(string, object[]);
32
Input / Output: Read example
{
char ch;
do
{
int x = Console.Read();
ch = (char)x;
Console.WriteLine($"{ch} ASCII is {x}");
}
while (!char.IsWhiteSpace(ch));
}
33
Input / Output: ReadLine example

{
Console.Write("How old are you ?: ");
string text = Console.ReadLine();
int age = int.Parse(text);
}
34
Input / Output: ReadKey example
{
ConsoleKeyInfo key;
string code = string.Empty;
do
{
key = Console.ReadKey(true); //true means don’t display the pressed key
Console.Write("*");
code += key.KeyChar;
}
while (key.Key != ConsoleKey.Enter);
Console.WriteLine(code);
}
35 operators
 Same to C language
Conditional instructions
36
Iterative instructions
37
foreach(int a in myArray)
{
Console.WriteLine(a.ToString());
}
Arrays: one dimension
38
 int[] evenNums;
 string[] cities;
 int[] evenNums = new int[5] { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
 string[] cities = new string[3] { "Mumbai", "London", "New York" };
 var evenNums = new int[] { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
 var cities = new string[] { "Mumbai", "London", "New York" };
 int[] evenNums = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
 string[] cities = { "Mumbai", "London", "New York" };
Arrays: invalid arrays
39
 int[] evenNums = new int[]; //Syntax error

 int[] evenNums = new int[5] { 2, 4 }; //Syntax error
 var evenNums = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 }; //Syntax error
Arrays: Late initialization
40
 int[] evenNums;
 evenNums = new int[5];
 evenNums = new int[] { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
Arrays: Access array elements
41
 int[] evenNums = new int[5];

 evenNums[0] = 2;
 evenNums[1] = 4;
 evenNums[6] = 12; //Throws run-time exception IndexOutOfRange
 Console.WriteLine(evenNums[0]);
 Console.WriteLine(evenNums[1]);
Arrays: Access array elements
42
int[] evenNums = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
for (int i = 0; i < evenNums.Length; i++)

Console.WriteLine(evenNums[i]);
for (int i = 0; i < evenNums.Length; i++)

evenNums[i] = evenNums[i] + 10;
Arrays: Access array with foreach
43
int[] evenNums = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
string[] cities = { "Mumbai", "London", "New York" };
foreach (var item in evenNums)

Console.WriteLine(item);
foreach (var city in cities)

Console.WriteLine(city);
44
Arrays: multidimensional arrays
 int[,] arr2d;
 int[,,] arr3d;
 int[,,,] arr4d;
 int[,,,,] arr5d;
45
Arrays: multidimensional arrays
int[,,] arr3d1 = new int[1, 2, 2]{ { {1, 2}, {3, 4} } };
int[,,,] arr4d2 = new int[1, 2, 2, 2]{ { { {1, 2}, {3, 4} }, { {5, 6}, {7, 8} } } };
46
Arrays: access multidimensional arrays
arr2d[1, 0];
//return 3
arr3d2[1, 0, 1];
// returns 6
arr4d2[0, 1, 1, 0];
// returns 7
47
Arrays: Jagged Arrays or Array of Array
 int[][] jArray1 = new int[2][];
 int[][,] jArray2 = new int[3][,];
 int[][] jArray = new int[2][];

 jArray[0] = new int[3]{1, 2, 3};
 jArray[1] = new int[4]{4, 5, 6, 7 };
48
Arrays: Jagged Arrays or Array of Array
int[][] jArray = new int[2][]
{
new int[3]{1, 2, 3},
new int[4]{4, 5, 6, 7}
};
for(int i = 0; i < jArray.Length; i++)

{
for(int j = 0; j < (jArray[i]).Length; j++)
Console.WriteLine(jArray[i][j]);
}
Functions
49
Functions: Optional parameters
50
 double Total(double price, int quantity = 1);

 double Total(double price, int quantity = 1, float tax = 0.1925);
 double Total(double price, int quantity = 1, float tax); //Syntax error
 var result = Total(100);

 var result = Total(100, 2);
 var result = Total(100, 3, 1.3);
Functions: Reference parameters
51

{
float tax = 0.1925f;
Total(200, 14, ref tax);
Console.WriteLine($"Tax = {tax}");
}
static double Total(double price, int quantity, ref float tax)

{
if (quantity > 10)
tax *= 2;
var subTotal = price * quantity;
return subTotal + (subTotal * tax);
}
Functions: Function and array
52
public static void Main()

{
int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
UpdateArray(nums);
foreach (var item in nums)
Console.WriteLine(item);
}
public static void UpdateArray(int[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
arr[i] = arr[i] + 10;
}
Array is a reference type
Functions: Output parameters
53

{
float tax; //don't need to initialize output parameter
var total = Total(200, 14, out tax);
Console.WriteLine("Total = {0}, Tax = {1}", total, tax);
}
static double Total(double price, int quantity, out float tax)
{
tax = 0.1925f; //need to initialize output parameter inside the function
switch(quantity)
{
case int n when (n > 10):
tax *= 2;
break;
case int n when (n > 2):
tax *= 1;
break;
default:
tax = default;
break;
}
var subTotal = price * quantity;
return subTotal + (subTotal * tax);
}
Functions: params keyword parameters
54

{
//float[] marks = { 8, 9, 8.5f };
//float total = TotalMarks(marks);
float total = TotalMarks(8, 9, 8.5f);
}
public static float TotalMarks(params float[] marks)

{
float total = 0;
foreach (var mark in marks)
total += mark;
return total;
}
Functions: Overloading
55
 Same name but different parameters in type or/and number
 double Total(double price);

 double Total(double price, int quantity);
 double Total(double price, int quantity, float tax);
 Total(100);
 Total(100, 2);
 Total(100, 2, 0.1925);
Functions: Delegate
56
 A delegate is a function type

 How pass function as an parameter to another function ?
 Why and when to use it ?
 JavaScript do it fine and very simply
 Java doesn’t support delegate
class Program
{
public static void PrintMarks(float[] marks)
57 {
Console.Write(mark + "\t");
}
public static void Printprice(float[] prices)
{
foreach (var mark in prices)
Console.WriteLine(mark.ToString("C0"));
}
public delegate void PrintFloatArray(float[] a);
public static void Print(PrintFloatArray function)
{
float[] data = { 1000, 200.50f, 14999.99f };
function(data);
}
{
Print(Printprice);
}
}
Functions: Action<> & Func<> delegate
58
 There are generic delegate

 Action<> for void methods
 Func<> for returned methods
 Ex: Action<string, int> myFunction;
 Represent a void function with two parameters: first one is a string
and second one is an integer.
 Ex: Action MyFunction;
 Represent a void function without parameter.
 Ex: Func<string, int> MyFunction;
 Represent a function with one parameter string type, and return an
integer.
 Ex: Func<string> MyFunction
 Represent a function without parameter, and that return a string.
class Program
{
public static void PrintMarks(float[] marks)
59
{
}
{
}
public static void Print(Action<float[]> function)
{
float[] data = { 1000, 200.50f, 14999.99f };
function(data);
}
{
Print(Printprice);
}
}
Functions: Anonymous function
60
 A function without a name

 The reuse occurrence of this function is one (1)
 We use delegate to create an anonymous function
class Program
{
61 {
}
public static void Print(Action<float[]> function)
{
float[] data = { 1000, 200.50f, 14999.99f };
function(data);
}
{
Print
(
delegate (float[] marks)
{
}
);
}
}
Functions: Lambda expressions
62
 Symbol: =>
 syntax: (parameters) => expression; (parameters) => { //code }
 Use to write function with just one line
 Ex: int Increment(int a) => ++a;
 Ex: void Print(double price) => Console.WriteLine(price.ToString("C0"));
 Use to simplify anonymous functions
Print
(
(marks) =>
{
}
);
Functions: Predicate delegate
63
 Represents a method containing a set of criteria and checks whether the

passed parameter meets those criteria.
 A predicate delegate methods must take one input parameter and return boolean
static bool IsUpperCase(string str)
{
return str.Equals(str.ToUpper());
}
{
Predicate<string> isUpper = IsUpperCase;
bool result = isUpper("hello world!!");
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
Functions: Predicate delegate
64

{
Predicate<string> isUpper = delegate (string s)
{
return s.Equals(s.ToUpper());
};
}
{
Predicate<string> isUpper = s => s.Equals(s.ToUpper());
bool result = isUpper("hello world!!");
}
FIN
65
Questions

Programmation Csharp2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Programmation Csharp2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Windows programming

1 @willytchana @osschannel +237 677 392 752

 Computer Core i5, 8 Gb RAM recommended

 char: 'a', '1', '+'

 bool: true, false

 DateTime is not a C# data type, it’s a .Net

 var num = 100;

 double price = (double)100;

 string text = price.ToString();

 string text = price.ToString();

 int num = int.Parse("100");

static void Main(string[] args)

 int[] evenNums = new int[]; //Syntax error

 int[] evenNums = new int[5];

for (int i = 0; i < evenNums.Length; i++)

for (int i = 0; i < evenNums.Length; i++)

foreach (var item in evenNums)

foreach (var city in cities)

 int[][] jArray = new int[2][];

for(int i = 0; i < jArray.Length; i++)

 double Total(double price, int quantity = 1);

 var result = Total(100);

static void Main(string[] args)

static double Total(double price, int quantity, ref float tax)

public static void Main()

static void Main(string[] args)

static void Main(string[] args)

public static float TotalMarks(params float[] marks)

 Same name but different parameters in type or/and number

 double Total(double price);

 A delegate is a function type

 There are generic delegate

 A function without a name

 Represents a method containing a set of criteria and checks whether the

static void Main(string[] args)

You might also like