TOYOZU TECHNICAL SCHOOL

FOUNDATION, INC.
ATS NC II TRAINING SESSION
Batch 37
OPENING PRAYER

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 Good
Morning!
TTSFI ATS NC II Trainees
 Lesson:
Check and Test Starting System
 ATS NC II Training Session
Objectives:

 Demonstrate the different types of test and check

starter motor
 Perform starter motor bench testing
 Lesson:
Check and Test Starting System
Introduction
A car won’t start is definitely frustrating. If
your car won’t, it might be sign that something
is wrong with your car’s starter, which is
responsible for kicking over the engine.
Introduction
However, you can perform several tests to
determine what’s wrong with the starter.
Checking the pinion can be the quickest fix if
the problem is not serious.
Introduction
The next level involves checking the
electrical circuits to make sure everything is
powering properly. If that still doesn’t work,
you can remove and bench test the starter to
see if it needs to be replaced.
 Proper Tools
for
Checking Starting
System
Multi-tester
A multi-meter or a multi-tester, also known
as a VOM (Volt-Ohm meter), is an electronic
measuring instrument that combines several
measurement functions in one unit. A typical multi-
tester may include features such as the ability to
measure voltage, current and resistance.
Multi-tester
Using Multi-tester in Lighting
System
Use the resistance (ohms) in X10 or
continuity (X1). Be sure the negative terminal of
the battery is unplugged or the ignition switch is
off.
Test Pull-in Winding
for
Open Circuit
Procedure:
1. Set the multi-tester selector knob to
continuity/resistance X10.
Procedure:
2. Place the negative test probe to solenoid
body and the positive test probe to solenoid
“M-terminal” or motor terminal.
Procedure:
3. The tester should read.
Take Note:
If the tester does not read, the circuit is
open. Replace the solenoid assembly.
 Perform
Pull-in Test
Procedure:
1. Disconnect the field coil lead wire from the
M terminal of solenoid switch.
Procedure:
2. Connect the positive terminal of battery to
the S terminal of solenoid switch.
Procedure:
3. Connect the negative terminal of battery to
the M terminal of solenoid switch and body
ground of starter motor.
Take Note:
Check that the pinion gear moves outward.
But if the pinion gear does not move, it means
that you need to replace the solenoid switch.
Test Hold-in Winding

for
Open Circuit
Procedure:
1. Set the multi-tester selector knob to
continuity/resistance X10.
Procedure:
2. Place the negative test probe to solenoid
body and the positive test probe to solenoid
“S-terminal”.
Procedure:
3. The tester should read.
Take Note:
If the tester does not read, the circuit is
open. Replace the solenoid assembly.
 Perform
Hold-in Test
Procedure:
1. Disconnect the field coil lead wire from the
M terminal of solenoid switch.
Procedure:
2. Connect the positive terminal of battery to
the S terminal of solenoid switch.
Procedure:
3. Connect the negative terminal of battery to
the field coil lead wire and body ground of
starter motor.
Take Note:
Check that the pinion gear remains out. But
if the pinion gear returns inward, it means that
you need to replace the solenoid switch.
Test Contact Plate
for
Open Circuit
Procedure:
1. Set the multi-tester selector knob to
continuity/resistance X10.
Procedure:
2. Place any tester probe to “B” or battery
terminal and the other tester probe to “M” or
motor terminal.
Procedure:
3. Push/Compress the solenoid plunger all the
way to the end.
Procedure:
4. The tester should read.
Take Note:
If the tester does not read, the contact
plate is open. Replace the solenoid assembly.
Take Note:
If the tester does read when the plunger is
not pressed, the contact plate is grounded.
Replace the solenoid assembly.
Test Armature Assembly
for
Open Circuit/Ground
Inspect Commutator
for
Open Circuit
Procedure:
1. Using an ohmmeter or multi-tester (set in
X1). Connect the probes of tester in between
the segments of the commutator. Check if there
is continuity.
Take Note:
If there is no continuity between any
segment, replace the armature.
Inspect Commutator
for
Ground
Procedure:
1. Using an ohmmeter or multi-tester (set in
X1). Connect the probes of tester in between
the commutator and armature coil core. Check
if there is no continuity.
Take Note:
If there is continuity, replace the armature.
Test Field Coil Windings
for
Open Circuit/Ground
Inspect Field Coil
Windings
for
Open Circuit
Procedure:
1. Using an ohmmeter or multi-tester (set in
X1). Connect the probes of tester between the
lead wire and carbon brush lead. Check if
there is a continuity.
Take Note:
If there is no continuity, you may replace
the field coil housing.
Inspect Field Coil
Windings
for
Ground
Procedure:
1. Using an ohmmeter or multi-tester (set in
X1). Connect the probes of tester to the lead
wires of field coil windings and to the field
coil housing. Check that there is no continuity.
Take Note:
If there is continuity, you may replace the
field coil housing.
Test Carbon Brush
Holder
for
Open Circuit
Procedure:
1. Using an ohmmeter or multi-tester (set in
X1). Connect the probes of tester to the
positive (+) and negative (-) of carbon brush
holder. Check that there is no continuity.
Take Note:
If there is continuity, you may replace the
carbon brush holder..
Test Voltage Drops in
Positive Cable
Test Voltage Drop in Positive Cable

this test measures the voltage drop across

the positive battery post to the cable and the
connections at the battery and the starter
motor.
Take Note:

Do not crank the engine longer than 10

seconds at a time.
Crank the engine and note the voltage reading:

 0.5 volts or less is acceptable resistance

 More than 0.5 volts is excessive resistance
If you find excessive resistance, perform these steps:

 Isolate the cause

 Repair the fault
 Re-test the voltage drop
Excessive resistance could be caused by any of these:

 Damaged battery cable

 Poor connection at battery or starter
terminal
 Defective magnetic switch
Test Voltage Drops in
Negative Cable
Test Voltage Drop in Negative Cable

This test measures the voltage drop across

the negative battery cable, the connections at
the battery and the starter motor, and the
connection to ground through the starter
motor case:
Connect the tester or meter leads
 Red lead to the starter motor housing
 Black lead to negative terminal of the
battery
Take Note:
Do not crank the engine longer than 10
seconds at a time.
Crank the engine and note the voltage reading:
 0.2 volts or less is acceptable resistance
 More than 0.2 volts is excessive
resistance
If you find excessive resistance, perform these steps:

 Isolate the cause

 Repair the fault
 Re-test the voltage drop
Excessive resistance could be caused by any of these:

 Damaged battery cable

 Poor connection at battery or starter terminal
 Poor connection between the starter case and
the vehicle chassis (could be caused by a loose
motor mount).
Test Voltage Drops in
Starter Control
Circuit
 Test Voltage Drop in Starter Control Circuit
Excessive resistance in the starter control circuit
can reduce the voltage available to the solenoid
switch. Symptoms of excessive voltage include the
following:
• Pinion gear does not engages
• Pinion gear engages only partially
 Perform Starter
Motor Bench Testing
Materials Needed:
 Battery jumper cables
 Working battery (It must have 12.6 volts. DO
NOT use a jump box.
 Bench vise
Warning
 Be sure that while you are testing the starter,
the you keep any loose clothing, jewelry or
your fingers away from pinion gear as its
spins.
Procedures:

1. Place your starter motor assembly in the

bench vise or someone hold it carefully.
Procedures:

2. Attach the negative (BLACK) battery cable

to the negative terminal of the battery. The
other will need to be attached to the starter
case/body.
Procedures:

3. Attach the positive (RED) battery cable to

the positive terminal on the battery. The
other end needs to be attached to the B
terminal of solenoid assembly.
Procedures:

4. Attach one end of your jumper wire to the

positive battery cable that you just attached
to the B terminal.
Procedures:

5. Touch the other end of the jumper wire to

the ST terminal on the B terminal.
Understanding the Results:

You will get one of three results from your

starter motor bench test.

1. The pinion gear will come out and spin fast.

If this happens, then the starter is good.
Understanding the Results:

You will get one of three results from your

starter motor bench test.

2. The pinion gear will come out and spin very

slowly. If this happens then there is
something wrong with the starter.
Understanding the Results:

You will get one of three results from your

starter motor bench test.

3. Nothing happens and you hear a loud click.

If this happens, then the starter motor bad
and needs to be replaced.
Done……
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