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    Hydraulic Conductivity: By: Deep Nayaran M. Tech. (Expl. Geosciences) Dept - of Geology& Geophysics, IIT KGP, Kharagpur

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    Hydraulic conductivity is a measure of how easily water can move through the pores or cracks in soil or rock. It is denoted by K and measured in units like gallons per day per square foot. Darcy's law describes hydraulic conductivity as being proportional to factors like grain size, density, and fluid viscosity. Hydraulic conductivity can be measured in the laboratory using constant or falling head tests, or in the field using pumping tests on wells or tracer tests. K can vary significantly based on factors like compaction, lithology, and anisotropy within layered formations.

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    Hydraulic Conductivity: By: Deep Nayaran M. Tech. (Expl. Geosciences) Dept - of Geology& Geophysics, IIT KGP, Kharagpur

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    19 views32 pages
    Hydraulic conductivity is a measure of how easily water can move through the pores or cracks in soil or rock. It is denoted by K and measured in units like gallons per day per square foot. Darcy's law describes hydraulic conductivity as being proportional to factors like grain size, density, and fluid viscosity. Hydraulic conductivity can be measured in the laboratory using constant or falling head tests, or in the field using pumping tests on wells or tracer tests. K can vary significantly based on factors like compaction, lithology, and anisotropy within layered formations.

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    Hydraulic conductivity is a measure of how easily water can move through the pores or cracks in soil or rock. It is denoted by K and measured in units like gallons per day per square foot. Darcy's law describes hydraulic conductivity as being proportional to factors like grain size, density, and fluid viscosity. Hydraulic conductivity can be measured in the laboratory using constant or falling head tests, or in the field using pumping tests on wells or tracer tests. K can vary significantly based on factors like compaction, lithology, and anisotropy within layered formations.

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    19 views32 pages

    Hydraulic Conductivity: By: Deep Nayaran M. Tech. (Expl. Geosciences) Dept - of Geology& Geophysics, IIT KGP, Kharagpur

    Uploaded by

    deepu_umrao
    Hydraulic conductivity is a measure of how easily water can move through the pores or cracks in soil or rock. It is denoted by K and measured in units like gallons per day per square foot. Darcy's law describes hydraulic conductivity as being proportional to factors like grain size, density, and fluid viscosity. Hydraulic conductivity can be measured in the laboratory using constant or falling head tests, or in the field using pumping tests on wells or tracer tests. K can vary significantly based on factors like compaction, lithology, and anisotropy within layered formations.

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    of 32

    HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY

    Click to edit Master subtitle style BY: DEEP NAYARAN

    M. Tech. (Expl. Geosciences) Dept.of Geology& Geophysics, IIT KGP, Kharagpur

    4/17/12

    Difinition
    The ability of geologic material to move

    ground water is called hydraulic conductivity.

    it is denoted by `K`.

    It is measured in gallons per day per square

    foot (gpd/ft2) or in feet per day (ft/day).

    4/17/12

    Driving forces

    Where; Z= elevation head [m] y =pressure head p/g [m] h =total head [m]

    4/17/12

    Darcy `s law

    The proportionality constant in Darcys law, which depends on medium and fluid properties ;

    Grain size Density and viscosity of fluid

    4/17/12

    Experimental verification of darcy law

    Head loss = the potential loss within the

    sand cylinder

    4/17/12

    Term related to `K`


    Pore velocity or average interstitial velocity ,

    Fluid dependent measure for the ability of a given soil to transport water intrinsic Permeability, k [m2] Fluid in-dependent measure for the ability of a given soil to transport water
    4/17/12

    Continue

    4/17/12

    Varriation on `K` in sand

    4/17/12

    Rock classification based on `K`

    Click to edit Master subtitle style

    1m/day = .0012cm/sec
    4/17/12

    Continue

    4/17/12

    Hydraulic conductivity of rocks

    4/17/12

    Hydraulic conductivity as a tensor Tensor

    zero-order : a scalar such as hydraulic head, a single-valued quantity first-order : a vector such as velocity, having three components in general second-order : a tensor such as hydraulic conductivity, having 9 components in general

    K xx K = K yx K zx

    K xy K yy K zy

    K xz K yz K zz

    n n

    Symmetric hydraulic conductivity : Kij = Kji (i j) Principal hydraulic conductivity : the coordinate system aligns along the principal axes of K such that Kij = 0 (i j) Isotropic hydraulic conductivity : the value of K does not depend on direction, i.e., Kij = 0 (i j), 4/17/12 and Kii =K

    Anisotropic reservoirs

    Horizontal hyraulic conductivity of straified beds

    4/17/12

    Vertical Hydraulic Conductivity of stratified beds

    4/17/12

    Continue

    4/17/12

    Messurement of `K`of Geologic samples Click icon to add picture


    Laboratory

    methods of constant head


    K = VL/(AtH)

    4/17/12

    Laboratory methods of falling head

    4/17/12

    Tracer test for messurement of `K`

    Click to edit Master subtitle style

    K=L^2/(ht)
    4/17/12

    Auger hole tests

    It is applied for shallow water table

    conditions.
    4/17/12

    Unsteady flow conditions. Confined aquifer

    where: h :hydraulic head , well, r :radial distance from the pumping

    T :aquifer transmisivity S: aquifer storativity (storage coefficient) 4/17/12

    Measurement of `K`of a confined aquifer in steady state conditions

    4/17/12

    Measurement of `K`of a confined aquifer in steady state conditions

    4/17/12

    Measurement of `K`of a confined aquifer in unsteady state conditions


    Click to edit Master subtitle style

    where: h hydraulic head, r radial distance from the pumping well, T aquifer transmisivity, S aquifer storativity (storage coefficient)
    4/17/12

    The Theis solution

    = s is the drawdown discharge of the well time since pumping has started Click to edit Master subtitle style T transmisivity

    h hydraulic head before 0 pumping start h - h0 Q t

    4/17/12

    The Cooper - Jacob solution

    4/17/12

    Case study : hydraulic conductivity of areas in selected states of India NL, and Hindon Sub-Basin (2955' - 306'
    7735' - 7746' EL ) Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh (India)
    Kolar Sub-Basin( 2240' to 2308' NL and

    7701' to 7729' EL) Sehore district of Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh

    Narsinghpur District , Jabalpur division of Ghataprabha Command (1600'08" to

    1688'09" NL and 7426'43" to 7556'33" EL ) and 7640' to 7645' EL Pandavapura taluk of

    Lokapavani Command 1228' to 1232' NL 4/17/12

    4/17/12

    Instrument Used in Measurement of saturated Hydraulic conductivity Guelph Permeameter


    ICW Permeameter Jodhpur Permeameter in the laboratory

    4/17/12

    4/17/12

    4/17/12

    Refererences
    Todd,D.K., Groundwater Hydrology second

    edition John wiley & sons.

    Kumar, P.C. and Mittal,S. SOIL MOISTURE

    RETENTION CHARACTERISTICS AND HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY FOR DIFFERENT AREAS IN INDIA IN SELECTED STATES National Institute of Hydrology ,Roorkee (Uttarakhand), India
    www.goole.com

    4/17/12

    THANK YOU!

    4/17/12

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