EXILE IN

DAPITAN
CHAPTER 21
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
RIZAL AS FARMER
● He bought 16 hectares of land where built his
home, school, hospital, and planted cacao,
coffee, sugarcane, coconuts, and fruit trees.
● Rizal introduced modern methods of agriculture
which he had observed in Europe and America.
● He encouraged the Dapitan farmers to discard
their primitive system of tillage and adopt the
modern agricultural methods.
● Rizal dreamed of establishing an agricultural
colony in the citio of Ponot near Sindañgan.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
RIZAL AS
BUSINESS MAN
● In partnership with Ramon Carreon, a
Dapitan merchant, he made profitable
business ventures.
● The most profitable venture of Rizal
in Dapitan was in the hemp industry.
● Rizal introduced modern hemp
stripping machines to improve the
hemp industry.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
RIZAL AS INVENTOR
● During his exile in Dapitan, he invented a
machine for making bricks that could
manufacture 6,000 bricks daily.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
“MY RETREAT”
● February 1895, Doña Teodora, with her eyesight fully
restored, returned to Manila.
● During her stay in Dapitan, she saw how busy her son
was and regretted that he had neglected the Muses,
thus, she requested him to write poetry again.
● Rizal wrote a beautiful poem about his serene life as
an exile in Dapitan and sent it to her on October 22,
1895.
● This poem was ‘Mi Retiro’, which is acclaimed by
literary critics as one of the best ever penned by
Rizal.
EXILE IN DAPITAN
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
RIZAL AND
●
JOSEPHINE BRACKEN
In the silent hours of the night after the day’s hard
work, Rizal was often sad.
● He needed somebody to cheer him up in his lonely exile.
● In God’s own time, this “somebody” came to Dapitan,
like a sunbeam to dispel his melancholy mood – she was
a pretty Irish girl named Josephine Bracken of sweet
eighteen, “slender, a chestnut blond, with blue eyes,
dresses with elegant simplicity, with an atmosphere of
gayety.”
● She was born in Hong Kong, of Irish parents, on October
3, 1876.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
JOSEPHINE BRACKEN
ARRIVED IN DAPITAN
● Josephine arrived in Dapitan in February,
1895, with blind Mr. Taufer and a Filipino
companion, Manuela Orlac.
● They had come all the way from Hong Kong to
Dapitan in order to secure the surgical
service of Rizal, whose fame as an ophthalmic
surgeon was recognised even in Hong Kong.
●
RIZAL AND
JOSEPHINE FELL IN
LOVE
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
RIZAL AND JOSEPHINE
FELL IN LOVE
● Rizal and Josephine fell in love with each other at
first sight.
● After a whirlwind romance of one month, they agreed
to marry.
● But Father Obach, the parish priest of Dapitan,
refused to marry them without the permission of the
Bishop of Cebu.
● When Mr. Taufer heard of their projected marriage,
he flared up in rage – he tried to commit suicide,
however, Rizal prevented him from killing himself.
● To avoid a tragedy, Josephine went with Taufer to
Manila.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
MR. TAUTER RETURNED
ALONE TO HONGKONG
● Josephine stayed in Manila with Rizal’s
family.
● Since no priest would marry them, Rizal and
Josephine held hands together and married
themselves before the eyes of God.
● Rizal praised Josephine and revealed his new
happiness.
● He was no longer lonely.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
RIZAL WROTE A POEM
FOR JOSEPHINE
Which runs as follows:
Josephine, oh Josephine,
Who here to these far shores hast come
To find thyself a nest, a home,
Like swallows, lost, that we have seen,
If now by fortune’s turn you fly
To Japan, China, Shanghai.
Still on these shores do not forget,
A heart is beating for you yet.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
RIZAL WROTE A POEM
FOR JOSEPHINE
● In the early part of 1896 Rizal was extremely
happy because Josephine was expecting a baby.
● He played a prank on her, frightening her so
that she prematurely gave birth to an eight-
month baby boy, who lived only for 3 hours.
● The lost son of Rizal was named “Francisco” in
honour of Don Francisco and was buried in
Dapitan.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
RIZAL AND THE
KATIPUNAN
● Andres Bonifacio, the “Great Plebeian”, was sowing
the seeds of an armed uprising.
● The secret revolutionary, called ‘Katipunan’, which
he founded on July 7, 1892, was gaining more and
more adherent.
● In a secret meeting of the ‘Katipunan’ at a little
river called ‘Bitukang Manok’, near the town of
Pasig on May 2, 1896, Dr Pio Valenzuela was named
emissary to Dapitan, in order to inform Rizal of
the plan of the Katipunan to launch a revolution
for freedom’s sake.
● June 15, Dr. Valenzuela left Manila on board the
steamer ‘Venus’.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
RIZAL AND THE
KATIPUNAN
● He also disapproved of the other plan of
the Katipunan to rescue him because he
had given his word of honour to the
Spanish authorities and he did not want
to break it.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
RIZAL AND THE
KATIPUNAN
● Dr. Valenzuela arrived in Dapitan in the
evening of June 21, 1896 and Rizal, ever a
hospitable host, welcomed him.
● Rizal objected to Bonifacio’s audicious
project to plunge the country in blood
revolution.
● He was of the sincere belief that it was
premature, for two reasons:
1. The people are not ready for a revolution.
2. Arms and funds must first be collected before
raising the crynof revolution.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
VOLUNTEERS AS A MILITARY
DOCTOR IN CUBA
● Rizal had offered his services as military
doctor in Cuba, which was then in the throes
of a revolution.
● It was Blumentritt who told him of the
deplorable health situation in a war-ridden
Cuba and advised him to volunteer as army
physician there.
● Rizal wrote to Governor-General Ramon Blanco,
Despujol’s successor, on December 17, 1895,
offering his services as military doctor in
Cuba.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
VOLUNTEERS AS A MILITARY
DOCTOR IN CUBA
● July 1, 1896, a letter from Governor Blanco
arrived in Dapitan, notifying him of the
acceptance of his offer.
● This letter, which reached him on July 30th,
also stated that the politico-military
commander of Dapitan would give him a pass to
come to Manila, where he would be given a
safe-conduct to Spain, “and there the Minister
of War will assign you to the Army of
Operations in Cuba, detailed to the Medical
Corps.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
“THE SONG OF
TRAVELLER”
● Great was Rizal’s joy in recieving the
gladsome news from Malacañan.
● It was with this joyous thought of resuming
his travels that he wrote his heart-moving
poem ‘El Canto del Viajero’, which runs in
full:
EXILE IN DAPITAN
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
GOOD-BYE TO DAPITAN
● On July 31, 1896, Rizal’s four-year exile in
Dapitan came to an end.
● At midnight of that date he left on the
steamer ‘España’.
● All the Dapitan folks, young and old, were at
the shore to see their beloved physician for
the last time.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
THE VOYAGE TO MANILA
WAS A PLEASANT ONE
● In Dumaguete Rizal was an honoured guest in a
dinner given by Judge Herrero Regidor, hir
former classmate.
● In Cebu he performed a successful operation on
a cross-eyed merchant.
● Rizal’s steamer arrived in Manila Bay on,
August 6, 1896.
● Unfortunately, the ‘Isla de Luzon’ had already
left for Spain.
 EXILE IN DAPITAN
THE VOYAGE TO MANILA
WAS A PLEASANT ONE
● Rizal was transferred to the Spanish cruiser,
‘Castilla’ to wait for the next steamer which
was scheduled to sail for Spain the next month
which he was treated as a guest on the
cruiser.
THANK
YOU