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Rociadores para Almacenamiento

Objetivos

Determinar la clasificacion del producto(Que?)


Identificar el tipo del almacenamiento (Que, a que altura?)
Identificar los tipos de rociadores disponibles para almacenamiento
Comprender la arquitectura de los capitulos de almacenamiento en
NFPA 13 and Factory Mutual
Determinar los criterios para los casos de estudio con LP-46
Objectives / Training Outline

Determinar la clasificacion del producto(Que?)


Identificar el tipo del almacenamiento (Que, a que altura?)
Identificar los tipos de rociadores disponibles para almacenamiento
Comprender la arquitectura de los capitulos de almacenamiento en
NFPA 13 and Factory Mutual
Determinar los criterios para los casos de estudio con LP-46
NFPA 13 Commodity Classification
Class or Class or Group Material
Group
Class I Essentially non-combustible products in corrugated cartons on combustible
pallets

Class II Class I products in slatted wooden crates, solid wooden boxes or multiple
thickness paperboard cartons with or without pallets
Hazard Severity

Wood, paper, natural fiber cloth or Group C plastics with or without pallets. May
Class III contain a limited amount (5% by weight or volume or less) of Group A or Group B
plastics

Class IV Class I, II or III commodities in corrugated cartons with appreciable amounts


(5-15% by weight, or 5-25% by volume) of Group A plastics
Cartoned Unexpanded Group A Plastic

Exposed Unexpanded Group A Plastic


Plastics

Cartoned Expanded Group A Plastic

Exposed Expanded Group A Plastic


Factory Mutual Commodity Classification
Class or Group Rank

I 1

II 2
Hazard Severity

III 3

IV 4

Cartoned Group B Unexpanded Plastic 5

Cartoned Group A Unexpanded Plastic 6

Cartoned Group A Expanded Plastic 7

Source: Factory Mutual Data Sheet 8-1 COMMODITY CLASSIFICATION


NFPA 13 Exhibit 5.6 General Flowchart
Determinación de Clasificacion.
Clase I
Productos no combustibles que
contienen uno de los siguientes
criterios:
•Placed directly on wooden pallets
•Placed in single-layer corrugated
cartons, with or without single-
thickness cardboard dividers, with or
without pallets
•Shrink-wrapped or paper- wrapped as
a unit load with or without pallets

NFPA 13- Table A.5.6.3


Clase II
Noncombustible product that is
in slatted wooden crates, solid
wood boxes, multiple-layered
corrugated cartons, or equivalent
combustible packaging material,
with or without pallets.

NFPA 13- Table A.5.6.3


Clase III
A product fashioned from wood, paper,
natural fibers, or Group C plastics with or
without cartons, boxes, or crates and with
or without pallets.
Group C plastics - (NFPA 13, 5.6.4.3)
•Fluor plastics (PCTFE — polychlorotrifluoroethylene; PTFE —
polytetrafluoroethylene)
•Melamine (melamine formaldehyde) Phenolic
•PVC (polyvinyl chloride — flexible — PVCs with plasticizer
content up to 20 percent)
•PVDC (polyvinylidene chloride)
•PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride)
•PVF (polyvinyl fluoride)
•Urea (urea formaldehyde)

A limited amount (5% by weight or volume


or less) of Group A or Group B plastics.

NFPA 13- Table A.5.6.3


Ejemplos de Plasticos Grupo C
Fluroplastics (PTFE - Polytetrafluoroethylene or Teflon) - used in plumbing tape, cookware, tubing,
waterproof coatings, films and bearings
Melamina - Contains 67% nitrogen by mass and, if mixed with resins, has fire retardant properties due to its
release of nitrogen gas when burned or charred. Melamine and its salts are used as fire- retardant additives in
paints, plastics, and paper. Used in Formica™, melamine dinnerware, laminate flooring, dry erase boards, used
as insulation, soundproofing material and in polymeric cleaning products, such as Magic Eraser™.
Fenolico Phenolic resins are mainly used in the production of circuit boards. They are better known however
for the production of molded products including pool balls, laboratory countertops, and as coatings and
adhesives.
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) – Plumbing pipes and guttering, shower curtains, window frames, flooring.
Polyvinylidene Chloride (PVDC) (Saran) – Food packaging.
PVF - mainly used in flammability-lowering coating of airplane interiors and photovoltaic module backsheets.
Also used in raincoats and metal sheeting. PVF has low permeability for vapors, burns very slowly, and has
excellent resistance to weathering and staining.
Urea - Urea-Formaldehyde is everywhere and used in many manufacturing processes due to its useful
properties. Examples include decorative laminates, textiles, paper, foundry sand molds, wrinkle resistant
fabrics, cotton blends, rayon, corduroy, etc. It is also used to glue wood together.
Clase IV
A product, with or without pallets, that meets one of
the following criteria:
•Constructed partially or totally of Group B plastics
1. Cellulosics (cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate
butyrate, ethyl cellulose)
2. Chloroprene rubber
3. Fluoroplastics (ECTFE — ethylene-
chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer; ETFE —
ethylene tetrafluoroethylene-copolymer; FEP—
fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer)
4. Nylon (nylon 6, nylon 6/6)
5. Silicone rubber A mixture of paper and plastic
•Consists of free-flowing Group A plastic materials cups (15 % plastic by weight) on
wood pallets.
•Contains within itself or its packaging an appreciable
amount (5 % to 15 % by weight or 5 % to 25 % by
volume) of Group A plastics
NFPA 13- Table A.5.6.3

Ejemplos de Plasticos Grupo A
Cellulosics - A thermoplastic with many common uses from trim for automobiles to tool handles, pens, blister
packaging, and more.
 Chloroprene Rubber- Known as Neoprene®, typical applications include belting, coated fabrics, cable jackets,
seals and gaiters.
 Fluoroplastics (ECTFE) - Unique chemical structure resulting in material that has remarkable resistance to most
inorganic and organic chemicals as well as solvents. Used for acid tanks, tank liner, heat exchangers, wash
towers, and scrubbers.
 Natural Rubber (not expanded) - Harvested mainly in the form of the latex from certain trees. The latex is a
sticky, milky colloid drawn off by making incisions into the bark and collecting the fluid in vessels.
 Nylon (nylon 6) – Fibers, toothbrush bristles, tubing, fishing line, low strength machine parts: under-the-hood
car engine parts or gun frames. Nylon 6 finds application in a broad range of products requiring materials of high
strength. It is widely used for gears, fittings, and bearings, in automotive industry for under-the-hood parts, and
as a material for power tools housings. Nylon 6 is used for surgical sutures, and strings for acoustic and classical
musical instruments, including guitars, sitars, violins, violas, and cellos. It is also used in the manufacture of a
large variety of threads, ropes, filaments, nets, and tire cords, as well as hosiery and knitted garments. It can
also be used in gun frames, such as those used by Glock, which are made with a composite of Nylon 6 and other
polymers.
 Silicone Rubber - Can be found in a wide variety of products, including: automotive applications; cooking,
baking, and food storage products; apparel such as undergarments, sportswear, and footwear; electronics;
medical devices and implants; and in home repair and hardware with products such as silicone sealants
Plasticos Grupo A
Materiales Plasticos
• Cartoned vs. Uncartoned (Exposed)
• Expanded vs. Unexpanded
NFPA 13- Table A.5.6.3

16-oz (450 g) Polystyrene


Expanded Polystyrene Expanded Polystyrene
Plastic Jars in Compartmented
Trays Cartoned Trays Exposed
Cardboard Cartons
Clases de Productos– Grupo A
NUEVO EN EDICION 2013

> 40% (by volume) of = Cartoned expanded


expanded plastic plastic
NFPA 13: 5.6.4.4.1

> 25% (by volume) of = Exposed expanded


expanded plastic plastic
NFPA 13: 5.6.4.4.2
Tipos de Plasticos Grupo A segun NFPA 13
5.6.4.1* Group A. The following materials shall be classified as Group A:

(1) ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer)


(2) Acetal (polyformaldehyde)
(3) Acrylic (polymethyl methacrylate)
(4) Butyl rubber
(5) Cellulosics (cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose)
(6) EPDM (ethylene-propylene rubber)
(7) FRP (fiberglass-reinforced polyester)
(8) Natural rubber
(9) Nitrile-rubber (acrylonitrile-butadiene-rubber)
(10) Nylon (nylon 6, nylon 6/6)
(11) PET (thermoplastic polyester)
(12) Polybutadiene
(13) Polycarbonate
(14) Polyester elastomer
(15) Polyethylene
(16) Polypropylene
(17) Polystyrene
(18) Polyurethane
(19) PVC (polyvinyl chloride — highly plasticized, with plasticizer content greater than 20 %)
(20) PVF (polyvinyl fluoride)
(21) SAN (styrene acrylonitrile)
(22) SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber)
Plasticos Grupo A Comunes
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) – Electronic equipment cases (e.g., computer monitors, printers, keyboards), drainage
pipe. ABS's light weight and ability to be injection molded and extruded make it useful in manufacturing products such as drain-
waste-vent (DWV) pipe systems, musical instruments (recorders, plastic clarinets, and piano movements), golf club heads (due
to its good shock absorbance), automotive trim components, automotive bumper bars, medical devices for blood access,
enclosures for electrical and electronic assemblies, protective headgear, whitewater canoes, buffer edging for furniture and
joinery panels, luggage and protective carrying cases, small kitchen appliances, and toys, including Lego bricks.
Polyester (PES) – Fibers, textiles.
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) – Carbonated drinks bottles, peanut butter jars, plastic film, microwavable packaging. It's the
main plastic in ziplock food storage bags.
Polyethylene (PE) – Wide range of inexpensive uses including supermarket bags, plastic bottles.
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) – Detergent bottles, milk jugs, and molded plastic cases.
Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) – Outdoor furniture, siding, floor tiles, shower curtains, clamshell packaging.
Polypropylene (PP) – Bottle caps, drinking straws, yogurt containers, appliances, car fenders (bumpers), plastic pressure pipe
systems.
Polystyrene (PS) – Packaging foam/"peanuts", food containers, plastic tableware, disposable cups, plates, cutlery, CD and
cassette boxes.
High impact polystyrene (HIPS) -: Refrigerator liners, food packaging, vending cups.
Polyethylene/Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (PE/ABS) – A slippery blend of PE and ABS used in low-duty dry bearings.
Polycarbonate (PC) – Compact discs, eyeglasses, riot shields, security windows, traffic lights, lenses. Polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile
Butadiene Styrene (PC/ABS) – A blend of PC and ABS that creates a stronger plastic. Used in car interior and exterior parts, and
mobile phone bodies.
Polyurethanes (PU) – Cushioning foams, thermal insulation foams, surface coatings, printing rollers (Currently 6th or 7th most
commonly used plastic material, for instance the most commonly used plastic in cars).
Tipos de Plasticos
•Plastic #1: Polyethylene terephtalate, also known as
PETE or PET. Usually clear in color, the vast
majority of disposable soda and water bottles are
made of #1 plastic. However, the porous nature of its
surface allows bacteria and flavor to accumulate, so
avoid reusing these bottles as makeshift containers.

• Plastic #2: High-density polyethylene, or HDPE. Most milk


jugs, detergent bottles, juice bottles, butter tubs, and
toiletries bottles are made of HDPE. Usually opaque in
color and picked up by most recycling programs. This
plastic is considered safe and has low risk of leaching.
Tipos de Plasticos
Plastic #3: Polyvinyl chloride, or PVC. It is used to make
food wrap, bottles for cooking oil, and the highly
common plumbing pipes. PVC, although tough in terms
of strength, it is not considered safe to cook food near it.
Never cook using food wrap, especially in a microwave
oven. This plastic is rarely accepted by recycling
programs.

Plastic #4: Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is used to


make grocery bags, some food wraps, squeezable bottles,
and bread bags. While considered safe it is not often
accepted by curbside recycling programs.
Tipos de Plasticos
Plastic #5: This is polypropylene. Common items
produced with it include yogurt cups, medicine bottles,
ketchup, syrup bottles, straws and similar wide-necked
containers, as well as water bottles with a cloudy finish.
This plastic is also considered safe, and is increasingly
being accepted by curbside recycling programs.

Plastic #6: Polystyrene, or Styrofoam, from which


disposable containers and packaging are made. Also
found in disposable plates and cups. Overwhelming
evidence suggests that this type of plastic leaches
potentially toxic chemicals, especially when heated.
It is difficult to recycle and most recycling programs
won't accept it.
Tipos de Plasticos
Plastic #7: This category basically means "everything
else" and is composed of plastics that were invented
after 1987 - the use of plastic in this category is at your
own risk since you don't know what could be in it.
Polycarbonate falls into this category, including the
highly toxic BPA. Products produced include baby and
water bottles, sports equipment, medical and dental
devices, CD's, DVD's, and even iPods. It is wise to dispose
of any food or drink related product that is known to
contain BPA. It is difficult to recycle #7 plastic and most
curbside recycling programs won't accept it.
Productos Mezclados
Protection requirements shall not be based on the overall
commodity mix in a fire area.
In general, mixed commodity storage shall be protected by
the requirements for the highest classified commodity and
storage arrangement.
The protection requirements for the lower commodity class
shall be permitted to be utilized where all of the following are
met:
•Up to 10 pallet loads of a higher hazard commodity shall be
permitted to be present in an area not exceeding 40,000 ft2
(3716 m2).
•The higher hazard commodity shall be randomly dispersed
with no adjacent loads in any direction (including diagonally).
•Where the ceiling protection is based on Class I or Class II
commodities, the allowable number of pallet loads for Class
IV or Group A plastics shall be reduced to five.
The protection requirements for the lower commodity class
shall be permitted to be utilized in the area of lower
commodity class, where the higher hazard material is
confined to a designated area and the area is protected to
the higher hazard in accordance with the requirements of
this standard.
Encapsulacion
Plastic sheet completely enclosing the sides and top
of a pallet load containing a combustible commodity

Combustible commodities individually wrapped in


plastic sheeting and stored exposed in a pallet load

Where there are holes or voids in the plastic on the


top of the carton that exceed more than half of the
area of the cover, the term encapsulated does not
apply. (non encapsulated)
Tipos de Pallet Plasticos
Un-reinforced plastic pallets
•Melt fairly easily in a fire and are less of a fire challenge
•Material
• Polypropylene
• High-density polyethylene
Reinforced plastic pallets
•Hold their structure and integrity longer allowing air
gaps to remain longer within the pallet, which fuels the
flames and creates a more intense fire
•Material
• Polypropylene
• High-density polyethylene
Classification by Listing
Almacenamiento en Pallets Plasticos

One class upgrade for un- reinforced plastic


pallets
•Class II → Class III
•Class IV → Group

Two class upgrade for reinforced plastic pallets


•Class II → Class IV
•Class IV → Group A Plastics

NFPA 13, 2007: 5.6.2


Otros tipos de Productos

Idle Pallet Cubiertas


Chapter 12 Chapter 18

Rolled Paper Algodon


Chapter 19 Chapter 20
Objectives / Training Outline

Determinar la clasificacion del producto(Que?)


Identificar el tipo del almacenamiento (Que, a que altura?)
Identificar los tipos de rociadores disponibles para almacenamiento
Comprender la arquitectura de los capitulos de almacenamiento en
NFPA 13 and Factory Mutual
Determinar los criterios para los casos de estudio con LP-46
Tipos de Almacenamientos
Pallet Ociosos
Miscellaneous
Pilas Solidas
Pilas Paletizadas
Bin Box
Estantes
Back to Back Estantes
Pallet Ocioso (Chapter 12)

Wood Pallets Plastic Pallets


Miscellaneous (Chapter 13)
Incidental Storage < 12ft (3.7m)

Storage < 10 % of building area or


4000 ft2 (372 m2) of the
sprinklered area, whichever is
greater

Storage shall not exceed 1000 ft2


(93 m2) in one pile or area

Each such pile or area shall be


separated from other storage
areas by at least 25ft (7.6m)
Solid-Pile, Palletized, Bin Box, Self Storage, or
Back-to- Back Shelf Storage (Chapters 14 & 15)

Solid Pile Palletized Bin Box

Shelf Storage Back to Back Shelf / Gondola


Estantes Solidos Rack (16.1.6)
Fixed in place, slatted, wire mesh or
other type of shelves located within
racks.
The area of a solid shelf is defined
by perimeter aisle or flue space on
all four sides.
Solid shelves having an area equal
to or less than 20ft2 (1.86m2) are
open racks.
Shelves of wire mesh, slates, or
other materials more than 50%
open, where the flue spaces are
maintained are open racks.
Estanterias Solidas (16.1.6)
Where the area of the solid shelving is less
than 20ft2 (1.86m2), in-rack sprinklers are
not required
Where the area of solid shelving is 20 - 64
ft2 (1.86 – 5.95m2)
•In-rack sprinklers are not required below every
shelf
•In-rack sprinklers shall be installed at the
ceiling & below shelves at intermediate levels
not more than 6 feet apart vertically.

Where the area of solid shelving is greater


than 64 ft2 (5.95m2)
•In-rack sprinklers shall be installed at the
ceiling & below each level of shelving.
Otros Tipos de Racks

Push Through Racking


Otros tipos de racks

Cantilever Racking
Otros tipos de racks
Objetivos
Determinar la clasificacion del producto(Que?)
Identificar el tipo del almacenamiento (Que, a que altura?)
Identificar los tipos de rociadores disponibles para almacenamiento
Comprender la arquitectura de los capitulos de almacenamiento en
NFPA 13 and Factory Mutual
Determinar los criterios para los casos de estudio con LP-46
Sprinklers para almacenamiento
Control Mode Density / Area (CMDA)
Control Mode Specific Application (CMSA)
Early Suppression Fast Response
Special Designs
Medium and High Expansion Foam
Control Mode vs Suppression Mode Sprinklers

Heat release

Suppression

Time
Control Mode Sprinklers
Limiting the size of a fire by distribution of water
so as to control the heat release rate and pre-wet
adjacent combustibles, while controlling ceiling
gas temperatures to avoid structural damage.

Sprinkler Types:
•Control Mode Density Area (CMDA)
• Standard or Extended Coverage (EC)
•Large Drop / Control Mode Specific Application (CMSA)
•In-Rack (Intermediate Level)
Suppression Mode (SM) Sprinklers
Vertical fire spread is reversed
Heat release
Sprinklers operate quickly, while heat
release is small & reduce heat radiation

High density water delivered direct to the


base area of fire
Suppression
Fewer sprinklers operate, less water damage

Design parameters much more critical


Time
Sprinkler Types:

•Early Suppression Fast Response (ESFR)


Storage Sprinklers – Ceiling System Design
Sprinkler Classification Ceiling System Design Parameters
Spray Sprinklers – (CMDA) Density / Area figures
Standard Coverage or or given density/area
Extended Coverage from tables

Control Mode Specific Application Number of sprinklers CMSA tables


(CMSA) at a given pressure within storage chapters
Early Suppression Fast Response Number of sprinklers ESFR tables and text within
(ESFR) at a given pressure storage chapters

Spray Sprinkler – Standard or Control Mode Specific Early Suppression Fast


Extended Coverage (CMDA) Application (CMSA) Response (ESFR)
Que maneja la seleccion?

Objetivo de Proteccion
Altura Edificio
Diseno Edificio
Suministro de Agua
Economia
Objetivos

Determinar la clasificacion del producto(Que?)


Identificar el tipo del almacenamiento (Que, a que altura?)
Identificar los tipos de rociadores disponibles para almacenamiento
Comprender la arquitectura de los capitulos de almacenamiento en
NFPA 13 and Factory Mutual
Determinar los criterios para los casos de estudio con LP-46
NFPA 13 – Table 21.2.1 (2016)
Palletized and Solid-Piled Storage of Class I Through Class
IV and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic Commodities
FM Data Sheet 8-9, Table 2
Class 1, 2, and 3 Commodities in a Solid-Piled,
Palletized, Shelf, or Bin-Box

FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets


FM Data Sheet 8-9, Table 3
Class 4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic Commodities
in a Solid-Piled, Palletized, Shelf, or Bin-Box

FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets


Control Mode Specific Application (CMSA)
Sprinklers (2010)
 Control Mode Specific Application (CMSA) Sprinkler. A type of spray sprinkler that is
capable of producing characteristic large water droplets and that is listed for its
capability to provide fire control of specific high-challenge fire hazards.

A high challenge fire can have an upward


draft equivalent to 30 – 35 mph (50 – 56 km/h)

The Larger K-factors produce larger water


droplets at lower pressures

Large flow rates might be required for some


high challenge applications

CMSA up to 25-feet in storage height = 16.2.2


Objetivos

Determinar la clasificacion del producto(Que?)


Identificar el tipo del almacenamiento (Que, a que altura?)
Identificar los tipos de rociadores disponibles para almacenamiento
Comprender la arquitectura de los capitulos de almacenamiento en
NFPA 13 and Factory Mutual
Determinar los criterios para los casos de estudio con LP-46
NFPA 13, 2016 – CMSA Protection Table Example
CMSA Sprinkler Flow, Demanda del Sistema y Calculo de
Densidad de Descarga
•Step 1: Use la siguiente ecuacion para calcular el caudal de un rociador
•Q = K *(√P)

•Q = Flow (gpm)
•K = K- factor
Q= Flow(gpm) P = Pressure (psi)

•Obtain K=11.2 gpm


•P = 25 psi

•Resolver para Q
•Q = 11.2 x 25

•Q = 56 gpm
Step 2: Use Q, del paso 1 y el numero de rociadores de diseno de la table
applicable de CMSA para calacular la demanda del Sistema
Demanda Sistema = Q x #S
Q = Flow (gpm), para un sprinkler
#S = Numero de sprinklers (para table CMSA)

Total
Demanda Sistema = 56 gpm x 15 sprinklers

System Demand = 840 gpm


NFPA 13, 2013 – CMSA Area de Cobertura
Sprinkler y Maximo Espaciamiento
Criterios de Diseño

Que almacenamos? Clase IV


Como almacenamos? Doble fila de racks abiertos
Altura almacenado? 10.5 metros
Altura de Techo? 12.2 metros
Que area? 100 x 100 metros
Que capitulo NFPA 13? Chapter 22
LP-46 VS. ESFR
Sprinkler Victaulic K25.2 EC-25
LP - 46 ESFR TYCO
Presion
Descarga 30 40 NA
Altura de (psi)
techo 12 mt Numero
y 10.6 mt Sprinklers 12 12 NA
Altura
Racks Demanda
Sistema 1660 1920 NA
(gpm)
Presion
Descarga 15 20 30
Altura de (psi)
- Data based on
techo 12 mt Numero FM Global Loss
y 7.6 mt Sprinklers 12 12 12 Prevention Data
Altura Sheet 8-9
Racks Demanda - 10 ft x 10 ft
Sistema 1170 1350 1380 sprinkler spacing,
(gpm) 12” deflector to
ceiling distance
LP-46 Vs ESFR Informacion Comparativa

  Victaulic LP K25.2
- 46 ESFR
Presion Descarga
30 40
(psi)
Tiempo Reserva 60 60
Mangas 250 250

Bombas 2000 2500

Ramales 2 2.5
Troncales 4 6
Tanques Reserva
433.19 492.16
(m3)

Numero Sprinklers 12 12

Demanda Sistema
1660 1920
(gpm)
LP-46 Rociador Almacenamiento Baja Presión
Detalle Beneficios
Reduce la presion de trabajo del Sistema en
25-40% (30-40 ft techo) y 25-70% (up to
30 ft. techo) comparado con el tradicional
ESFR
Baja Presion en Puede reducir los requerimientos de tuberias
Rociador (ejemplo: truncal puede ser de 8” a 6” o 4” a
3”) resultando en 20 % reduccion de costos
y tiempos.

18% Menor demanda agua (BOMBAS)

Sistema Facil de diseñar. Reduciendo los


Calculo por cantidad rociadores requeridos (hasta 20%)

Demanda Mangas:
Reduce la demanda de reserva de agua
250 gpm / 1 hour

Menor costo de mano de obra y tiempos de


Tiempo Trabajo trabajo en sitio
Preguntas?

Por informacion adicional:


• David Nunez – Fire Protection Specialist
David.nunez@Victaulic.com

• +54 911 6793 2010

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