The Function of the Heart

心脏的功能
The heart is a powerful Superior vena aortic valve aorta
muscle that is situated cava 主动脉瓣 主动脉
between your lungs, protected 上腔静脉
pulmonary
by the ribcage. pulmonary artery (left)
心脏位于两肺之间，由肋骨保 artery (right) 左肺动脉瓣
护，它由强有力的肌肉组织组 右肺动脉
成。
right
pulmonary left
The heart pumps blood to the veins pulmonary
lungs to get oxygen. 右肺静脉 veins
左肺静脉
心脏像一个水泵一样，将血液 right atrium
输送到肺部，获取氧气。 右心房 left atrium
左心房
The heart pumps the
oxygenated blood to the rest inferior
left ventricle
of the body. vena cava
左心室
right ventricle
心脏将富含氧的血液输送到身 下腔静脉
右心室
体各部位。
How the Heart Works
心脏如何工作
Click to go through each stage of the process. 点击
查看心脏工作的每个步骤
right atrium 右心房

right ventricle 右心室

pulmonic valve 肺动脉瓣

pulmonary artery (right) 右肺动脉

pulmonary veins 肺静脉

left atrium 左心房

left ventricle 左心室

aortic valve 主动脉瓣

aorta 主动脉
 The Function of the Lungs
肺的功能
When we breathe in (inhale), the intercostal muscles The intercostal muscles and diaphragm then relax and
contract and the diaphragm pulls down, making the the air is pushed out of the lungs (exhale) as the
chest expand. This causes air to be sucked into the ribcage falls downward and inhale.
lungs. 当我们呼气时，肋间肌和膈肌放松舒张，将气体
当我们吸气时，肋间肌收缩，膈肌下降，胸部膨 从肺部推出，肋骨向下。
胀。使得空气被吸入到肺中。

lung expands muscles contract lung shrinks muscles relax

肺膨胀 肌肉收缩 肺收缩 肌肉放松舒张

diaphragm pulls downwards diaphragm relaxes

膈肌下降 膈肌放松舒张
 The Function of the Lungs
肺的功能
Air breathed in through the mouth or nose travels down
the trachea, through the bronchi into one of the lungs.
The air travels into the bronchioles and into the air sacs
(alveoli).
空气从口鼻吸入，然后经过气管，通过支气管进入
到肺部。然后经过细支气管进入到肺泡。
trachea intercostal muscles
气管 and ribs
肋间肌和肋骨
bronchus
支气管 bronchiole
细支气管
heart
心脏

diaphragm
膈肌 air sacs (alveoli)
肺泡
 The Function of the Alveoli
肺泡的功能
The oxygen is absorbed into the blood through a layer of moisture in the air sacs (alveoli).
Carbon dioxide in the blood is transferred back into the air, which then travels back out of the
lungs.
通过肺泡的一层表面液膜，氧气被吸收到血液中。然后在血液中的二氧化碳被送回到
肺部。

O₂
CO₂
 What Blood Vessels Do
血管的职责
Arteries – carries oxygenated blood away from the heart
动脉–携带含氧血离开心脏
Capillaries – enable exchange of oxygen with body
毛细血管–协助身体交换氧气
Veins – carries blood from capillaries back to the heart to be pumped to the lungs to be
re-oxygenated.
静脉–携带从毛细血管返回的血液回到心脏，然后运输到肺部，重新进行充氧。

Capillaries
vein
毛细血管
静脉

artery
动脉