Social Science Week

Water Resources

Made By- Devesh Jain

Ujjwal Singh
Atharva Pawar
Atharva Gupta
Tanishk Jain
Contents:-
1. Introduction
2. Water Scarcity
3. Water Resource Management
4. Floods
5. Rainwater Harvesting
 -:INTRODUCTION:-
● Water covers about 71% of the earth's surface.
● 326 million cubic miles of water on the planet
● 97% of the earth's water is found in the oceans (too
salty for drinking, growing crops, and most industrial
uses except cooling).
● 320 million cubic miles of water in the oceans
● 3% of the earth's water is fresh.
● 2.5% of the earth's fresh water is unavailable, it is
locked up in glaciers, polar ice caps, atmosphere, and
soil; highly polluted; or lies too far under the earth's
surface to be extracted at an affordable cost.
● 0.5% of the earth's water is available fresh water.
 -:Fun Fact:-
● If the world's water supply were only 100 liters
(26 gallons), our usable water supply of fresh
water would be only about 0.003 liter (one-half
teaspoon).
 -:WATER SCARCITY:-
“Water, Water Everywhere, Not a drop to drink”

● Water scarcity is caused by over-exploitation,

excessive use and unequal access to water
among different social groups.
● Water resources are being over-exploited to
expand irrigated areas for dry-season agriculture.
● In some areas, water is sufficiently available to
meet the needs of the people. But, those areas still
suffer from water scarcity due to bad quality of
water.
 -:Water Resource
Management:-
In ancient times, we used to conserve water
by constructing sophisticated hydraulic
structures like dams built of stone rubble,
reservoirs or lakes, embankments and
canals for irrigation. We have continued this
tradition in modern India by building dams in
most of our river basins.
 -:FLOODS:-
A flood is an overflow of water on land.
Sometimes a river might receive extra
water, either from heavy rains or other
natural disasters. When this happens, the
water overflows from its normal path in the
river bed and onto the dry land.
 -:RAINWATER HARVESTING:-

Rainwater harvesting is the simple process or technology

used to conserve rainwater by collecting, storing,
conveying and purifying of rainwater that runs off from
rooftops, parks, roads, open grounds, etc. for later use.

The process of rainwater harvesting involves the

collection and the storage of rainwater with the help of
artificially designed systems that run off naturally or man-
made catchment areas like- the rooftop, compounds,
rock surface, hill slopes, artificially repaired impervious or
semi-pervious land surface.
 -:Conclusion:-
In conclusion, the significance of water resources cannot
be overstated. As a fundamental element of life and a
cornerstone of ecological balance, water plays an
essential role in sustaining both the natural world and
human societies. However, the growing challenges of
population growth, climate change, pollution, and
mismanagement underscore the urgent need for
responsible and sustainable water resource management.