Formation Process of

Community Organization
 Process
 Stage 1: Entry Into The Community
 Stage 2: Community Immersion
 Stage 3: Core Group Formation
 Stage 4: Formation of the Community Based Organization
(CBO)
 Stage 5 Community Capacity Building
 Stage 6: Participatory Community Reasearch
 Stage 7: Community Planning For Problem Solving
 Stage 8: Community Resource Mobilization
 Stage 9: Project Implementation
 Stage 10: Exit From The Community

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 STAGE 1:
ENTRY INTO THE COMMUNITY
1. Definition:
Community entry is the process where the
Community Organizer (CO) officially enters the
community
2. Importance:
During community entry, the Community
Organizer (CO) is introduced to local authorities
and other key people in the community. It is the
first step by the Community Organizer (CO)
towards integration into the community

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 STAGE 1:
ENTRY INTO THE COMMUNITY
3. Process
A. Preparation
a. Role of the NGO
 Clarify its purpose why it wants to work in the
community.
 Develop criteria for recruiting Community
Organizer (CO). Recruit a Community Organizer
(CO) who will stay and work with the people in the
community.

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 STAGE 1:
ENTRY INTO THE COMMUNITY
3. Process
A. Preparation
b. Role of the Community Organizer (CO)
 Collect information about the community from
government and non-government organizations
working in the target community.
 Select contact person using criteria.
 Stay temporarily with a family recommended by
contact person.
 Prepare and bring personal items needed to stay in
the community.
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 STAGE 1:
ENTRY INTO THE COMMUNITY
3. Process
c. Community Entry
a. Tasks of the Community Organizer (CO)
 Visit the house of contact person.
 Together with the contact person, pay
courtesy call to local authorities and key
people in the community.
 Stay temporarily with host family
recommended by contact person.
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 STAGE 2:
COMMUNITY IMMERSION
1. Definition
“Community Immersion” is the process of staying
and living together with the people in the
community and experience their way of life.

2. Importance
Through community immersion, the Community
Organizer (CO) will gain better understanding of
the people and their situation. The people will also
be able to know the Community Organizer (CO)
better and mutually develop good relationships with
each other.

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 STAGE 2:
COMMUNITY IMMERSION
3. Process
 Identify host family using criteria earlier developed.
 Stay with host family.
 Go out and meet as many people as possible.
 Participate in household and livelihood activities of
the host family.
 Participate in community celebrations, activities
and meetings.
 Document observations and experiences using a
“CO Diary.”

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 STAGE 2:
COMMUNITY IMMERSION
4. Important advice for the Community Organizer (CO)
 Be humble.
 Be polite.
 Respect local belief, religion and culture.
 Do not get drunk.
 Do not make promises that will not be fulfilled.
 Do not flirt.
 Do not talk about political parties.

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 STAGE 3:
CORE GROUP FORMATION
1. Definition
A “Core Group” is made up of 5-7 individuals from
the community selected and recruited by the
Community Organizer (CO) to help facilitate the
formation of the “Community Based Organization
(CBO)”.

2. Importance
The “Core Group” works together with the
Community Organizer (CO) and provides community
leadership towards the formation of the “Community
Based Organization (CBO)”.

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 STAGE 3:
CORE GROUP FORMATION

3. Process
A. The NGO develops criteria for recruiting
“Core Group” members which may include
the following:
 Leadership
 Integrity
 Availability
 Commitment
 Knowledge and skills
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 STAGE 3:
CORE GROUP FORMATION
3. Process
B. Tasks of Community Organizer (CO)
 Observe and talk to people in the community.
 Identify potential “Core Group” members using
criteria.
 Select and recruit 5-7 potential “Core Group”
members. Women should be included.
 Conduct orientation meeting with all “Core Group”
members. Introduce and explain the work of the
NGO. Explain and clarify responsibilities of “Core
Group” members.

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STAGE 4: FORMATION OF THE
COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATION (CBO)

1. Definition
A “Community Based Organization (CBO)” is
an association of people living in the same
geographic location.

2. Importance
The “Community Based Organization (CBO)”
is a structure that provides people with
opportunities to work together to solve
common problems affecting their lives.

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STAGE 4: FORMATION OF THE
COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATION (CBO)

3. Process
The task of Community Organizer (CO) in CBO
formation is to help the “Core Group”
members to:
 Identify and analyze community problems.
 Brainstorm and prioritize solutions.
 Discuss and determine the importance of CBO
formation.
 Identify steps for CBO formation.
 Develop criteria for CBO leaders.

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 STAGE 4: FORMATION OF THE
COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATION (CBO)

3. Process
Steps in “Community Based Organization (CBO)”
formation the “Core Group” should be responsible
for the following activities:
a. Planning for the Community Meeting
 Determine the purpose of the community meeting.
 Determine suitable place and time for the
community meeting.
 Plan the agenda and clarify responsibilities.
 Announce the schedule, purpose and participants of
the meeting.

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 STAGE 4: FORMATION OF THE
COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATION (CBO)

b. Activities during the Community Meeting

 Clearly explain the purpose and agenda of the
community meeting.
 Present community problems affecting community and
the need to solve problems by working together.
 Present the idea and get approval for the formation of
the Community Based Organization (CBO).
 Present the idea of the need to elect 5-7 CBO leaders.
Discuss the process for nomination and election.
 Present the responsibilities of CBO leaders and their
term of office.

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 STAGE 4: FORMATION OF THE
COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATION (CBO)

b. Activities during the Community Meeting Cont.

 Start the nomination process. Allow candidates to
respond to their nomination.
 Conduct election in clear and transparent manner.
 Tally votes and announce election results.
 Allow newly elected CBO leaders to respond to their
election.
 Meeting should end on time after the election.
 Decide on the place, time and agenda for next meeting.
 Record minutes in writing.

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 STAGE 4: FORMATION OF THE
COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATION (CBO)

C. Activities after the Community Meeting

• The CO should meet with the newly elected

CBO leaders after the community meeting.
• The CO will arrange the time, place and agenda
for the first formal meeting of the CBO leaders.

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STAGE 5:
COMMUNITY CAPACITY BUILDING
1. Definition
“Community Capacity Building” is the process
of developing and strengthening knowledge,
skills and experience of the CBO leaders and
members.
2. Importance
Developing the capacity of the CBO leaders and
members will ensure greater community
participation, self-reliance and sustainability of
the organization.

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STAGE 5:
COMMUNITY CAPACITY BUILDING
3. Process
Tasks of the “CBO leaders”:
 Conduct assessment of training needs of CBO
leaders and members.
 Develop plan based on training needs.
 Identify available internal and external
resources to meet training needs.
 Training of first line and second line of CBO
leaders.

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 STAGE 5:
COMMUNITY CAPACITY BUILDING
4. Basic skills needed by the Community Based
Organization (CBO)
 Facilitating CBO and community meeting
 Recording of minutes of the meeting
 Research and data gathering
 Planning
 Monitoring and evaluation
 Communication skills
 Management skills
 Financial skills

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STAGE 6:
PARTICIPATORY COMMUNITY REASEARCH
1. Definition
“Participatory Community Research (PCR)” is
the process of identifying, analyzing and
prioritizing community problems and their
possible solutions.

2. Importance
The “PCR” enables community members to
identify community needs, resources and
priorities towards problem solving.

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 STAGE 6:
PARTICIPATORY COMMUNITY REASEARCH
3. Process
 The CBO leaders will call for a community meeting. The agenda
for community meeting is the formation and election of the
members of the “Participatory Research Committee (PCR).”
 Formation of the “Participatory Research Committee (PCR)”
during community meeting.
 The CO will train CBO leaders and PCR on how to use
participatory research tools.
 After the training, the PCR will conduct the community research
together with community members.
 Community data tabulation and analysis. The CO will train the
PCR on how to do this.
 The CBO leaders will call for a community meeting for data
presentation and validation.
 Formation of the “Community Planning Committee” during the
community meeting.
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 STAGE 7: COMMUNITY PLANNING
FOR PROBLEM SOLVING
1. Definition
“Community Planning” is the process of developing a
community action plan based on priorities, objectives
and resources towards community problem solving.

2. Importance
Community planning provides opportunities for the
community members to participate in decision
making, thus ensuring ownership of the problem
solving process. It also enables them to identify and
formulate solutions to their common problems
together.

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 STAGE 7: COMMUNITY PLANNING
FOR PROBLEM SOLVING
3. Process
The tasks of the “Planning Committee” are:
 Review community priorities based on the result of
the PCR and develop community action plan:
◦ Identify possible project/s.
◦ Set up project objectives.
◦ Identify target groups.
◦ Identify activities and persons responsible.
◦ Identify resources needed.
◦ Develop budget.
◦ Develop strategy on how to access to resources
needed.
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 STAGE 7: COMMUNITY PLANNING
FOR PROBLEM SOLVING
3. Process
The tasks of the “Planning Committee” are:
 Review community priorities based on the result of
the PCR and Call a community meeting to present
“community action plan”. Presentation, validation
and approval of “community action plan” by
community members.
 Finalize “community action plan” based on
suggestions and recommendation of community
members.

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 STAGE 8: COMMUNITY RESOURCE
MOBILIZATION
1. Definition
“Community Resource Mobilization” is the process
of utilizing people and their resources towards
accomplishing desired changes in the community.

2. Importance
The community needs resources in order to
implement its projects and activities. “Community
Resource Mobilization” enables the community to
maximize the use of available local resources towards
achieving problem solving objectives. External
resources should only be utilized if local resources
are not available.
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 STAGE 8: COMMUNITY RESOURCE
MOBILIZATION
3. Process
Role of the “CBO Leaders” in mobilizing community
resources:
 Establish clear and regular communication and
feedback system with community members.
 Secure commitments of community members
towards a particular cause.
 Follow-up and monitor commitments of community
members.
 Delegate responsibilities in problem solving to
maximize participation of community members.
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 STAGE 9: PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
1. Definition
A. Project implementation
It is the process of carrying out projects and activities
towards achieving the desired change. Through
implementation, plans are mobilized into a series of
actions that will lead toward accomplishment of the
goals and objectives.
B. Project Monitoring
Monitoring is the assessment of the project
implementation process and activities and to check,
whether the results are achieving the objectives of the
desired change. Monitoring should be regularly done
during the implementation process.
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 STAGE 9: PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
1. Definition
C. Evaluation
Evaluation is the process of assessing the impact of the
projects and activities of the community. It is concerned
with determining the accomplishments of goals and
objectives. The community members should conduct
the evaluation themselves at the completion of a project
or activity.
2. Importance
The “Community Action Plan” is the vehicle to achieve
desired community changes. A regular monitoring and
evaluation process will ensure effective achievement of
activities and desired results.
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 STAGE 9: PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

3. Process: the tasks of the “CBO leaders” during project

implementation are the following:
A. Project Implementation
 Oversee and direct the implementation of projects and
activities.
 Clarify roles of each member in projects or activities.
 Motivate the community members to contribute to the projects
and activities. Mobilize the use of community resources for
the projects or activities.
 Conduct regular consultation and feedback with community
members.
 Manage inter-personal relationships and conflict management.
Facilitate team building activities.
 Conduct an information and advocacy campaign on the
“Community Action Plan”.
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 STAGE 9: PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

3. Process: the tasks of the “CBO leaders” during project

implementation are the following:
B. Monitoring and Evaluation
 Formation of the Monitoring and Evaluation
Committee.
 Development of the monitoring & evaluation plan.
 Develop participatory tools for monitoring and
evaluation.
 Preparation of the evaluation report.
 Presentation and validation of evaluation report during
community meeting.
 Finalization of the evaluation report after community
meeting.
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STAGE 10:
EXIT FROM THE COMMUNITY
1. Definition:
“Community Exit” is the process
whereby the Community Organizer
(CO) gradually leaves the community as
the “Community Based Organization
(CBO)” moves towards independence
and self-reliance

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 STAGE 10:
EXIT FROM THE COMMUNITY
2. Importance
The “Community Exit” strategy enables the “Community Based
Organization (CBO)” to grow and gradually develop into a
mature self-governing and self-reliant association independent.
The CBO needs to grow and develop into a self-governing and
self- reliant institution at its own pace and on its own time. At the
initial stage of Community Organizing process, the CO takes a
major role in leading the CBO in the problem solving process. As
the capacity of the CBO leaders and members gradually develop,
they should assume more responsibilities and move towards
becoming independent and self-reliant. The role of the CO should
then change from initiating, leading and managing to facilitating
and coordinating of development activities.

The “Community Organizer (CO)” should already start thinking

about the exit strategy before entering the community. At the final
stage, the CO should eventually leave the community.
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 STAGE 10:
EXIT FROM THE COMMUNITY
3. Process
The “Community Based Organization
(CBO)” needs to establish federations,
actively participate in networks and build
strategic alliances with other groups and
organizations in a continuing basis. These
partnerships will enable the CBO to give and
receive support from other CBOs, groups
and organizations.

The tasks of the “Community Organizer

(CO)” in enabling CBO leaders to move
towards becoming an independent CBO:
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 STAGE 10:
EXIT FROM THE COMMUNITY
3. Process
 Continuing education for CBO leaders and members,
especially developing second and third line of leaders.
 Strengthening communication and resource mobilization
skills, especially local fundraising.
 Establishing strong support system through networking
and building alliances with government and non-
government organizations.
 Establish linkages and networking with other
organizations at the village, commune, district, province
and national level.
 Join CBO federations with similar values and objectives
for mutual benefit where appropriate.

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