IRRIGATION

METHODS
 IRRIGATION
Irrigation may be defined as the Irrigation is the artificial process of
process of artificially supplying applying controlled amount of water to
water to soil for growing crops. land, to assist production in crops.

Irrigation is the process of Irrigation helps to grow agricultural

applying water to the crops crops, maintain landscapes, and for soils
artificially to fulfill their water in dry areas and during periods of less
requirements. than average rainfall.

Irrigation helps in proper nurishment of crops, improves the yield of crops, it also
adds wealth to our country, it makes possiblity to grow cash crops, it improves
ground water storage as water lost due to seepage adds to ground water storage, it
is mainly useful in the period of low rainfall.
 IRRIGATION TYPES

Tank irrigation Storage irrigation scheme, earthen bund reservoirs

Water is lifted from any sources by manual or

Lift irrigation machinery work

Flow of water from higher level to lower level by the

Flow irrigation mere action of gravity

Ancient method, where water is stored in wells and

Well irrigation manual work is used to irrigate the field
 METHODS OF IRRIGATION
• Surface irrigation method
Water is supplied directly to the soil surface
from a channel located at the upper reach of
the field.

• Sprinkler irrigation method

Water is supplied to the surface of soil in the
form of a spray, which is similar to natural rainfall.

• Drip irrigation method

Water is supplied directly to the roots of crops
through a network of valves, pipes, tubing and
emitters.
 SURFACE IRRIGATION METHOD
• Water may be distributed to the crops in border
strips, check basins or furrows.
• Distribution systems to provide adequate control of
water to the fields.
• Proper land preparation to permit uniform
distribution of water over the field.
• They are also designed to minimize labor and capital
requirements.
• Effective management practices are dependent on
the type of irrigation, the climate and topography of
the region.
 SPRINGLER IRRIGATION METHOD
• Water is distributed through a system of pipes usually
by pumping.
• It is then sprayed into air through sprinklers so that it
breaks up into small water drops, which fall to the
ground.
• The pump supply system, sprinklers and operating
conditions must be designed to enable a uniform
application of water.
• This method of irrigation maintains the moisture
content of the soil.
 DRIP IRRIGATION METHOD
• It is the latest field irrigation technique (also called trickle
irrigation).
• Water is supplied by using small diameter (12 to 32 mm)
plastic lateral pipes.
• The lateral lines contains some devices called “emitters” at
selected spacing to deliver water to the soil surface near the
base of plants.
• It is best suited for widely spaced plants, salt problems and
for areas with water scarcity.
• This method is being used for small nourishes, orchards, or
gardens.
Thank You…