JOINT MOBILIZATION

EXERCISES
DEFINITION-
 It is a hands on Rx and is a form of passive
movement technique for MS conditions
 It s a manual therapy involves applying force that
would mimic glide that happens in btwn bones
 It is usually performed at slow speed with or
without oscillations or stretch
 It is usually graded and is varied based on 2
factors- pain tolerance and acuity of pt condition
 Used to modulate pain, inc ROM, treat jt
dysfunctions
Aim-
 To restore the normal joint play that might have
compromised by damage or injury
 Normal motion of the joint will restored more
quickly if addressed early
Grades-
 Range from 1-5
 1-4 deal with knee ROM starting from partial
movement to end range of movement
 Grade 5 is more of manipulation than
mobilization
Self mobilization-self stretching tech that uses jt
traction
Mobilization with movement- concurrent
application of sustained accessory mobilization
applied by therapist to end range
Physiologic mvmts-mvmt done voluntarily
Accessory mvmt- mvmt within jt& tissue are
needed for ROM but cannot be done voluntarily
Muscle energy- active contraction of deep muscle
Thrust-high velocity, short amplitude motion
Arthrokinematics- 5 types
 Roll
 Slide
 Spin
 Compression
 Distraction
3 components of jt mob-combination of roll,
slide,spin
ROLL- series of point on 1 articulating surface
comes into contact on series of points on another
surface
eg: ball rolling on ground,femoral condyle rolling
on tibial plateau
Roll occur on direction of movement
Occur on unequal surface
Occur in combination with sliding/spinning
SLIDE-specific point on 1 surface comes in contact
with series of point on another surface
 surface are congruent
 When passive mob tech is applied to produce
slide in jt is reffered as GLIDE
SPIN-Occurs when 1 bone rotates around
stationary longitudinal mechanical axis
Eg: shoulder with flxn/extn, hip with flxn/extn,
radial head at humeroradial joint during
pronation/supination
Accessory motion that affect joint-
Compression- dec in space btwn 2 joint surface
add stability to a jt
Distraction-seperation/pulling apart
2 surface are pulled apart
Traction-in longitudinal pull
Convex - concave rule-
Convex jt surface slide in opp direction of bone
mvmt(concave is stable)
If convex surface in moving on stationary concave
surface-gliding occurs in opp direction to roll

Concave-convex rule-
Concave jt surface slide in same direction as bone
mvmt(convex stable)
If concave jt is moving on stationary convex
surface-glide occur in same direction as roll
Indications for joint mobilization-
 Pain
 Spasm
 Jt hypomobility
 Subluxation
 Progressive limitation
 Functional immobility
Contraindications-
 Hypermobility
 Jt effusion
 Malignancy
 TB
 Osteoporosis
 Bone disease
 Fracture
 Congenital deformity
 Vascular disorders
 Inflammatory arthritis
Ex considered jt mob are-
 Flexion
 Extn
 Tibial femoral glide
 Patellar motion
 Long axis distraction
 Lateral mvmt and rotation
When executed properly they can help in
reducing pain and to restore joint play
Maitland jt mob grading scale-
Grade 1&2 used for pain
Grade 3&4 used to increase motion
This concept uses passive & accessory mobilization
of spine to treat mechanical pain& stiffness
Joint position-
 Resting position-jt capsule &lig are relaxed
 Loose packed position(articulating surf are max
separated)
 Close packed position(jt surf are max contact
with each other)
Joint mobilization application-
 All jt mob follow convex concave rule
 Pt realaxed
 Explain the RX
 evaluate befr and aftr RX
 Stop the RX in case of pain
 Use proper body mechanics
 Use gravity to assist mobilization techniq
 Begin and RX with grade 1&2 oscillations
Kalten born traction- it s complementary &
alternative medicine (CAM) method based on
gentle traction and passive motion. Used to
relieve pain
Myofascial release-
 Used to release soft tissue from abnormal tight
fascia
 Specialized form of stretch
 Form of soft tissue mobilization
Positional release therapy-
 Based on strain / counterstrain technique
Active release therapy-
 Used to correct soft tissue problem caused by
fibrotic adhesions
THANK YOU!!!!!