CHAPTER 13

“Social Enterprise”
Social Enterprise
- Can be termed as the process by which individuals
create organizations that can receive donations, earn
some revenue, as well as promote social causes.

- Defined as developing innovative, scalable, and

sustainable means of solving social problems using the
skills that are also used by an entrepreneur.
Social Entrepreneur
• Is a person who launches an enterprise that is
dedicated to social mission but who makes use also of
entrepreneurial principles.
• Recognizes a social problem and uses entrepreneurial
principles to organize, create, and manage a social
enterprise to achieve a desired change.
• Are individuals who act as change agents for society,
inventing new approaches and pattern-changing
solutions to our most pressing social problems.
In contrast to a business
entrepreneur

• Some thinkers have defined social enterprises as those

entities which have a “triple bottom line”, or a triple
goal.
 People

Planet Profits

Triple Bottomline of Social Enterprise

History of Social Enterprises
• The terms “ social entrepreneur and social
entrepreneurship ” were first used in the literature on
social change in the 1960s and 1970s.

• The terms came into widespread use in the 1980s and

1990s, promoted by Bill Drayton the founder of Ashoka:
Innovators for the Public, and others such as Charles
Leadbeater.

History of Social Enterprises

• The conceptualization of social entrepreneurship in the
late 1990s referred to the social innovation processes
undertaken by social entrepreneurs.

• The term social enterprise appeared in the United States

and Europe in 1970s and 1980s.

• From the 1950s to the 1990s, Michael Young was a

leading promoter of social enterprise and in the 1980s
was described by Professor Daniel Bell at Harvard as “the
world’s most Because
successful entrepreneur of social enterprises .
of his role in creating more than sixty new
organizations worldwide.

History of Social Enterprises

√It includes School for Social Entrepreneurs (SSE) ,
which exists in the UK, Australia, and Canada.

History of Social Enterprises

Another British social entrepreneur is Lord Mawson OBE.

• Andrew Mawson was given a peerage in 2007 because

of his pioneering regeneration work. This includes the
creation of the renowned Bromley by Bow Centre in East
London. He has recorded these experiences in his book
“The Social Entrepreneur: Making Communities Work”.

• The National Center for Social Entrepreneurs was

founded in 1985 by Judson Bemis and Robert M. Price.
Jerr Boschee served as its president and CEO from 1991
to 1999.

History of Social Enterprises

A list of a few historically noteworthy people whose work
exemplifies classic “social entrepreneurship”

• Florence Nightingale ( Founder of the first nursing

school and developer of modern nursing practices )
• Robert Owen ( Founder of the cooperative movement )
• Vinoba Bhave ( Founder of India’s Land Gift Movement )

History of Social Enterprises

During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, some of
the most successful social entrepreneurs successfully
straddled the civic, governmental, and business worlds.

History of Social Enterprises

Contemporary Social Enterprises
Muhammad Yunus, founder and manager of Grameen
Bank in Bangladesh and its growing family of social
venture businesses. He was awarded a Nobel Prize in
2006 for his contributions in providing micro-financing to
women.
Social Entrepreneurs can be found all over the world, in most
industries, and where the need is the most pressing. A few
examples are the following:

• Istvan Aba-Horvath
• Raul Oscar Abasolo Trincado
• Mohammed Bah Abba
• Abbass Abbass
• Rafael Alvarez
• Anita Ahuja
• Manish Sankla
In the Philippines, some social
enterprises include the following:
• Atikha Overseas Workers and Communities Initiative,
Inc.

• Rags2Riches (R2R)

• Gawad Kalinga