Implementation of

400/230 Volt System

 OUTLINE

1. Brief Intro
2. Applications
3. Meralco Supplied Transformers
4. Vault Requirements for Deadfront DT
5. Vault Requirements for Padmounted DT

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
New Service Voltage
New Service Voltage

Present Standard 3-phase Service

Voltages in Use
 230Y/133 Volts, 4-wire

 460Y/265 Volts, 4-wire

 230 Volts, 3-wire (Open Delta)

New Standard 3-phase Service Voltage

 400Y/230 Volts, 4-wire

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
New Service Voltage

Reasons for adopting the 400Y/230 V service

• Respond to the needs of the customers and the industry

• Make available 230 V line-to-ground neutral for connection of 1-

phase loads

• Help reduce the cost of customers’ electric facilities

• Allow use of IEC-approved equipment

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
Application

Available only in areas with existing primary

distribution voltage of:
 34.5 Y/20 kV

 13.8/7.96 kV

• Available only for 3-phase and for solely-served

applications

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
Application

Maximum Transformer Capacity to be

Supplied
 Residential Buildings
 Multiple bank
 Commercial Buildings
 2-banks of 1 MVA
 Industrial
 1 MVA

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
Transformers for the New Service Voltage
Meralco-supplied Transformer Capacity for Solely-Served
400Y/230V Service

 Overhead Distribution Transformers

• 3-25 kVA up to 3-100

kVA pole-type units to be
mounted on a
distribution pole

• A maximum of one (1) bank

or 300 kVA may be provided

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
Transformers for the New Service Voltage

Deadfront (Vault-Type) Distribution Transformer

• 1-phase unit

• 2 deadfront primary
bushings

• Spade-type secondary
terminals

• Round tank construction

• Standard DT accessories
Transformers for the New Service Voltage

Meralco-supplied Transformer Capacity

• 3-167 kVA, 3-250 kVA & 3-333 kVA transformer units to
be installed indoors in a PEC-approved transformer vault

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
 Transformers for the New Service Voltage
• Padmounted DT
Available sizes - 500 kVA, 750 kVA and 1 MVA

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
 Vault Requirements for
Deadfront (Vault-Type DT’s)

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
Vault Requirement for Deadfront DTs

APPROVED LOCATIONS

 Ground floor

 Second floor

 First basement (provided the building has

multiple basements)

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
Vault Requirement for Deadfront DTs

CONSTRUCTION
 Reinforced concrete walls (‘buhos’), 150-mm
thick
 Reinforced concrete floor (‘buhos’), 100-mm thick
when in contact with earth, 150 mm when above
another storey
 No openings such as doors or vents to any part of
the building interior
 Provided with 150-mm high door sill for liquid
confinement
 No hoisting facility required
Presentation to private contractors 2006
APS/RRM/2006
Vault Requirement for Deadfront DTs
ACCESS
 Doorway directly accessible from the outside of
the building
 Hatchway may be used for basement and 2nd
floor installations
 Dedicated personnel access doorway for
basement and 2nd floor
 Clear and permanent access road leading to the
vault (at least 3.5 m if no crane is necessary; 6.5
m for installations requiring crane)
 Where crane will be used, no overhang or canopy
in the immediate vicinity
Presentation to private contractors 2006
APS/RRM/2006
Vault Requirement for Deadfront DTs
VENTILATION
 Louvered vents with a combined net area of
opening not less than 20 sqcm. Per kVA
 For natural air ventilation, opening shall be on
different sides of the vault (one near the floor and
the other near the ceiling)
 Where only one side is exposed to outside air,
exhaust fan and duct are required (one exhaust
per bank)
 Fan shall be temperature controlled (ON at 40°C,
OFF at 36ºC) with by-pass switch for testing
 Exhaust and intake fan for basement installations
Presentation to private contractors 2006
APS/RRM/2006
Vault Requirement for Deadfront DTs
HOISTING FACILITY

 Not compulsory for all installations

 Shall consist of an I-beam and chain block with

capability of not less than 2 tons

 Required headroom is only 3 meters

 Certification signed and sealed by a registered

structural engineer
 Customer responsible for the maintenance of the
hoisting facility

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
Vault Requirement for Deadfront DTs

MINIMUM VAULT DIMENSION

LOCATION 1-BANK 2-BANKS

Ground Floor
(W) 5 m X (D) 4 m (W) 6 m X (D) 6 m
2 nd
Floor
X (H) 3 m X (H) 3 m
1st Basement

NOTE: W = Width
D = Depth
H = Height (Headroom)

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
 GROUND FLOOR
TRANSFORMER VAULT 3000
(PLAN)

ELECTRONIC
4500
POLYPHASE
METER
PRIMARY CABLE EQUIPMENT
CABINET
TRENCH EXHAUST ACCESS
FAN DOORWAY
2000
4000

MAIN
BREAKER
2000

SECONDARY CABLE 1100 1400 1400 1100

TRENCH
Presentation to private contractors 2006 5000
APS/RRM/2006
 GROUND FLOOR
TRANSFORMER VAULT 5000
(FRONT ELEVATION) 1100 1400 1400 1100

EXHAUST
FAN

EXHAUST
DUCT
MAIN
BREAKER
3000

DEADFRONT
DT

LOW-VOLTAGE
Presentation to private contractors 2006 SERVICE CABLES
APS/RRM/2006
 GROUND FLOOR 4000
TRANSFORMER VAULT 2000 2000
(SIDE ELEVATION)

EXHAUST
EXHAUST FAN
DUCT

DEADFRONT

1000
800
TO
DT

2000
LOUVERED
STEEL
1000

DOOR

SETBACK
ACCESS ROAD
(VARIES)
600

900
SERVICE
CABLES

GROUND 700 700 PRIMARY CABLES

Presentation
ROD to private contractors 2006
APS/RRM/2006
25 25
 ELECTRONIC
2ND FLOOR 3000 POLYPHASE
TRANSFORMER VAULT METER
(PLAN) 4500 CABINET PERSONNEL
ACCESS
EXHAUST DOOR
PRIMARY CABLE FAN
TRENCH

STAIRCASE
2500

MAIN
4000

BREAKER
1500

ENTRANCE

1100 1400 1400 1100

SECONDARY CABLE
TRENCH
Presentation to private contractors 2006 5000
APS/RRM/2006
 4000
2ND FLOOR
1500 2500 TRANSFORMER VAULT
(SIDE ELEVATION)

EXHAUST
FAN

EXHAUST
DUCT

1000
800
TO
DEADFRONT
DT TRANSFORMER
ACCESS DOOR
1000

PRIMARY CABLE
300

900
REINFORCED
CONCRETE
600

LEDGE

400
1300
SECONDARY
700 700
CABLES SETBACK ACCESS ROAD
25 25 (VARIES)

GROUND
Presentation
ROD to private contractors 2006
APS/RRM/2006
 2ND FLOOR
5000
TRANSFORMER VAULT
(FRONT ELEVATION) 1100 1400 1400 1100

EXHAUST
DUCT
MAIN
BREAKER
3000

DEADFRONT
DT

LOW-VOLTAGE
SERVICE CABLES

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
1ST BASEMENT TRANSFORMER VAULT
(GROUND FLOOR PLAN)
200 1500
200

BASEMENT VAULT WALL

HATCHWAY
WITH STEEL COVER
1500

EXHAUST FAN INTAKE FAN

& VENT & VENT

GROUND FLOOR
BUILDING WALL ELECTRONIC
POLYPHASE
METER
CABINET

STAIRCASE

PERSONNEL
ACCESS DOOR
1ST BASEMENT TRANSFORMER VAULT
(PLAN)
4500
HATCHWAY OPENING

2500

PRIMARY
CABLE
TRENCH
4000

MAIN
CIRCUIT
BREAKER
1500

STAIRCASE SECONDARY
CABLE
PERSONNEL TRENCH
ACCESS DOOR
Presentation to private contractors 2006
APS/RRM/2006
5000
 1ST BASEMENT
TRANSFORMER VAULT
(SIDE ELEVATION)

ELECTRONIC
POLYPHASE ELEVATED
METER HATCHWAY WITH
CABINET STEEL COVER

SETBACK
(VARIES) ACCESS ROAD
EXHAUST
VENT

500

740
1000

400
600

700 700

25

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
1ST BASEMENT TRANSFORMER VAULT
(FRONT ELEVATION)

EXHAUST FAN INTAKE FAN

HATCHWAY & VENT & VENT

MAIN
CIRCUIT
BREAKER

3000
SECONDARY
CABLES

1100 1400 1400 1100

LOWEST BASEMENT
GROUND
Presentation to private contractors 2006
ROD
APS/RRM/2006
 Dead-front Padmounted
Distribution Transformer

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
Vault Requirement for Padmounted DTs

APPROVED LOCATIONS

 Ground floor

 Second floor

 First basement (provided the building has

multiple basements)

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
Vault Requirement for Deadfront DTs

CONSTRUCTION
 Reinforced concrete walls (‘buhos’), 150-mm
thick
 Reinforced concrete floor (‘buhos’), 100-mm thick
when in contact with earth, 150 mm when above
another storey
 No openings such as doors or vents to any part of
the building interior
 Provided with 150-mm high door sill for liquid
confinement
 No hoisting facility required (for ground floor
installations)
Presentation to private contractors 2006
APS/RRM/2006
Vault Requirement for Deadfront DTs
ACCESS
 Doorway directly accessible from the outside of
the building
 Hatchway for basement installations

 Dedicated personnel access doorway for

basement and 2nd floor

 Clear and permanent access road leading to the

vault (at least 6.5 m wide)

 No overhang or canopy in the immediate vicinity

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
Vault Requirement for Deadfront DTs
VENTILATION
 Louvered vents with a combined net area of
opening not less than 20 sqcm. Per kVA
 For natural air ventilation, opening shall be on
different sides of the vault (one near the floor and
the other near the ceiling)
 Where only one side is exposed to outside air,
exhaust fan and duct are required (one exhaust
per bank)
 Fan shall be temperature controlled (ON at 40°C,
OFF at 36ºC) with by-pass switch for testing
 Exhaust and intake fan for basement installations
Presentation to private contractors 2006
APS/RRM/2006
Vault Requirement for Deadfront DTs
HOISTING FACILITY

 Compulsory for 2nd floor installations

 Shall consist of an I-beam and chain block with

capability of not less than 10 tons

 Required headroom is 4.0 meters

 Certification signed and sealed by a registered

structural engineer
 Customer responsible for the maintenance of the
hoisting facility

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
Vault Requirement for Padmounted DTs

MINIMUM VAULT DIMENSION

LOCATION 1-BANK 2-BANKS

(W) 5 m X (D) 4 m (W) 8 m X (D) 4 m

Ground Floor
X (H) 3 m X (H) 3 m
(W) 5 m X (D) 6 m (W) 8 m X (D) 6 m
2 nd
Floor
X (H) 4 m X (H) 4 m
(W) 5 m X (D) 6 m (W) 8 m X (D) 6 m
1 Basement
st
X (H) 3 m X (H) 3 m
NOTE: W = Width
D = Depth
H = Height (Headroom)

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
 Vault Layouts for
Padmounted Transformers

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
G/F Transformer Vault
(Single Bank)

GROUND GRID

METER

CUSTOMER’S
MAIN TRANSFORMER
SECONDARY ACCESS DOOR

TRANSFORMER
CIRCUIT
BREAKER

PRIMARY
CABLE DUCTS

EXHAUST FAN
AND DUCT

Presentation to private contractors 2006

APS/RRM/2006
PLAN
G/F Transformer Vault
(Double Bank)
CUSTOMER’S MAIN
SECONDARY CIRCUIT
BREAKERS METER #2
METER #1

TRANSFORMER TRANSFORMER
BANK #1 BANK #2

EXHAUST FANS
AND DUCTS

PRIMARY TRANSFORMER
CABLE DUCTS ACCESS DOORS
PLAN
Presentation to private contractors 2006
APS/RRM/2006
G/F Transformer Vault

EXHAUST FAN
AND DUCT
CUSTOMER’S
MAIN
SECONDARY
CIRCUIT
BREAKER
TRANSFORMER
ACCESS DOOR

TRANSFORMER

SIDE VIEW

PRIMARY SECONDARY
CABLE
Presentation
CABLEto private contractors 2006
DUCTS
APS/RRM/2006 DUCTS
2/F Transformer Vault
(Single Bank)

METER EXHAUST FAN

AND DUCT
GROUND GRID

TRANSFORMER
ACCESS DOOR

TRANSFORMER HOISTING
I-BEAM
CUSTOMER’S
MAIN
SECONDARY
CIRCUIT
BREAKER

PERSONNEL
PLAN PRIMARY
Presentation to private contractors 2006 ACCESS STAIRCASE
APS/RRM/2006 CABLE DUCTS DOOR
2/F
Transformer CUSTOMER’S MAIN
Vault SECONDARY CIRCUIT
BREAKERS METER #1 METER #2

(Double Bank)

PRIMARY CABLE TRANSFORMER TRANSFORMER

DUCTS BANK #1 BANK #2

PERSONNEL
ACCESS DOOR
STAIRCASE

EXHAUST HOISTING HOISTING EXHAUST

FAN AND I-BEAM I-BEAM FAN AND
DUCT DUCT

TRANSFORMER
ACCESS DOORS

PLAN
Presentation to private contractors 2006
APS/RRM/2006
2/F Transformer Vault

HOISTING I-BEAM
EXHAUST FAN
AND DUCT

TRANSFORMER
ACCESS DOOR

HOISTING
FACILITY
PERSONNEL
ACCESS

TRANSFORMER
DOOR
CUSTOMER’S
MAIN
SECONDARY
CIRCUIT
BREAKER

GROUND GRID

SECONDARY CABLE DUCTS

Presentation to private contractors 2006 SIDE VIEW

APS/RRM/2006
2/F Transformer Vault
with Hatchway
(Single Bank)

GROUND GRID

METER

AIR
INTAKE
VENT
TRANSFORMER

CUSTOMER’S HOISTING I-BEAM

MAIN
SECONDARY
CIRCUIT
BREAKER HATCHWAY
AIR
INTAKE
VENT
EXHAUST FAN
AND DUCT

PERSONNEL
PLAN PRIMARY
Presentation to private contractors 2006 ACCESS STAIRCASE
APS/RRM/2006 CABLE DUCTS DOOR
2/F Transformer
Vault with CUSTOMER’S MAIN
SECONDARY CIRCUIT
METER #1 METER #2
Hatchway BREAKERS

(Double Bank)

PRIMARY CABLE TRANSFORMER TRANSFORMER

DUCTS
BANK #1 BANK #2

PERSONNEL
ACCESS DOOR
STAIRCASE

EXHAUST FAN AND DUCT

EXHAUST FAN AND DUCT

HOISTING I-BEAM

HOISTING I-BEAM
HATCHWAYS

PLAN
Presentation to private contractors 2006
APS/RRM/2006
2/F Transformer
Vault with Hatchway

HOISTING I-BEAM
EXHAUST FAN
AND DUCT

CUSTOMER’S
MAIN HOISTING
SECONDARY FACILITY
CIRCUIT PERSONNEL
BREAKER
TRANSFORMER
ACCESS
DOOR

HATCHWAY

GROUND GRID

SECONDARY CABLE DUCTS

Presentation to private contractors 2006 SIDE VIEW

APS/RRM/2006
1/B Transformer
Vault with Hatchway

PERSONNEL
ACCESS GROUND GRID PRIMARY
DOOR CABLE DUCTS

HATCHWAY
OPENING

TRANSFORMER
STAIRCASE

SECONDARY
CABLE DUCTS

PLAN
Presentation to private contractors 2006 CUSTOMER’S MAIN
APS/RRM/2006 SECONDARY CIRCUIT
BREAKER
1/B Transformer
Vault with Hatchway
PERSONNEL
ACCESS
DOOR

AIR INTAKE
FAN & VENT

HATCHWAY
STAIRCASE

METER AIR EXHAUST

FAN & VENT

Presentation to private contractors 2006 PLAN

APS/RRM/2006
(Ground Floor)
 1/B Transformer
Vault with Hatchway

PERSONNEL
ACCESS ELEVATED
DOOR HATCHWAY
WITH STEEL
COVER

AIR AIR
INTAKE EXHAUST
FAN FAN
STAIRCASE

TRANSFORMER

GROUND GRID SECONDARY

CABLE DUCTS
LOWEST BASEMENT

Presentation to private contractors 2006 SIDE VIEW

APS/RRM/2006
Presentation to private contractors 2006
APS/RRM/2006