GROUP 1

LEADER:
HAZEL ABIAN FELICILDA

MEMBERS:
KEITH JUSTIN GALARION
MARY GRACE DAGONDON
DANIELLA ESTALLO
TRISHA DAGONDON
IRISH ANN ENCABO
DARLYN ECONAR
TOPIC:

ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ART

ELEMENTS OF ARTS: VISUAL

1. Color
 It is one of the most important
elements of art because of its aesthetic
nature. It inspire more emotions and
feelings.
 One of the elements that enhance the
appeal of an artwork.
 This element is property of light as it
reflected of the object.
 It is not intrinsic of an object without
light.
 Colors begin with the notion of a Color
Theory that was unraveled by the
experiments of Sir Isaac Newton on
1666.
Property of Color

1. Hue – this dimension of color gives its

name. it can be subdivided into:

 Primary Color – red, yellow and blue

 Secondary Colors- green, orange and violet
 Tertiary Colors – six in total. These hues are
achieved when primary and secondary
colors are mixed.
PRIMARY AND TERTIARY COLORS
2. Value- refers to the brightness and darkness
of colors.

 Light colors- taken as a source of light in

composition.
 Dark colors- the lack or absence of light.
Each primary colors has range of values
diminishing the quantity and quality of light.
 Tint- lighter than the normal value.
 Shade- this is a darker color than normal value.
 Tone- lightness and darkness of color. It helps
show contrasts, harmony, balance, repetition,
dominance, gradation and unity in painting.
3. Intensity- color’s brightness and dullness. Identified
as strength of color.

▪ Bright or warm ▪ Dullor cool colors-

colors – positive sedate/soothing or seriousness or
energy calm.
COLOR HARMONIES
▪ Monochromatic harmonies
– Color scheme based on a single color hue
- Uses different tints an shades of the same
hue.
Claude Monet’s
“ House of Parliament”

▪ Complementary harmonies ▪ Analogous harmonies

- Two colors on opposite sides of the hue - Use colors located next to each other
wheel. on the color wheel.
- The reaction is more intense.
2. Line
 Refers to a point moving at an
identifiable path.
 It has length and direction.
 Use to control eye movement,
delineate shapes and indicates texture
whether it is rough, smooth or with
volume.
FOUR TYPES OF LINES

1. Horizontal – normally associated with rest or

calm. Landscapes are often contain in this
type.
2. Vertical – connote elevation or height usually
taken to aspiration for action. These lines
communicate stability and firmness.
3. Diagonal or crooked lines- straight lines that
slant in any direction except horizontal and
vertical.
4. Curvilinear – consisting of curved lines. It
characterized by curving lines used to form
abstract patterns such as spirals, circles and
S-shapes.
Francisco de Goya
–a master of etched works and he used
aquatints.
- His medium articulate his political views,
about ill of society, war scenes and engaging
with what was happening around him.
3. Shape and Form
 Is a two- dimensional figure enclosed by a line.

Two types of shapes

1. Geometric shapes
– precise shapes that look as if they were made with a
ruler or other tools.
- often manmade

2. Organic shapes
- readily occurring in nature.
- irregular and asymmetrical
4. Space
 Areas that surround the objects in painting.
 They could be found between, around, above or below
objects.
 It could be positive or negative.

Six ways to create the illusion of space

1. Overlapping
2. Placement on paper
3. Size
4. Details
5. Color and value
6. Perspective – methods that creates illusion space and
dimension in flat surface.
Three Types of Perspective

1. One-point perspective
- used in depicting roads, tracks, and hallways.
- shows parallel lines that seem to converge at a
specific along the horizon line.

2. Two-point perspective
- pertains to a drawing or painting that make use of
two vanishing points.
- house or buildings in landscape

3. Three-point perspective
- viewer is looking at a scene from above and below.
- use of 3 vanishing points
5. Texture
It can be real or implied
Experienced through the sense of
touch and sight.
Tactile of the surface on a object
whether it is rough, smooth,
ridged, furry or silky.
Three Kinds of Texture

1. Tactile textures 2. Artificial textures 3. Visual textures

Texture that can be Manmade surface quality Evoked by a photography

touched or felt. that are supposed to look or picture depicting an
and feel like the original object
material.
Elements of Art: Auditory

1. Rhythm
 Often associated to the term beat, meter
and tempo.
 Element of music that situates it in time.
 Pulse of the music.

 Beat – basic unit of music. It can be

organized into a recognizable pattern called
meter.
 Tempo – refers to the speed (beats/second)
 Classical term to the variations in tempo
 Largo- slowly and broadly
 Andante- walking pace
 Moderato- moderate speed
 Allegro- fast
 Vivace- lively
 Accelerando- gradually speeding up
 Rallentado- gradually slowing down
 Allargado- getting slower, broadening
 Rubato- literally “robbed time”
 Rhythm is played freely for expressive effect

2. Dynamics
 Refers to the loudness or quietness of music.
 Classical term used in different levels
 Pianissimo [p]- very quiet
 Piano [p]- quiet
 Mezzo-piano [mp]- moderately quiet
 Mezzo-forte [mf]- moderately loud
 Forte [f]- loud
 Fortissimo [ff]- very loud

Crescendo – to indicate an increase or decrease in loudness for the former.

Decrescendo or diminuendo- indicate an increase and decrease the loudness for latter.

3.Melody
 Refers to linear presentation (horizontal) of pitch.
Pitch – highness and lowness of musical sound.

4. Harmony
 It is opposite to melody because it is vertical.
 It can be described in terms of its “harshness”
 Arises when pitches are combined to form chords.
Dissonance – harsh-sounding combination.
Consonance- smooth sounding of combination.
5. Timbre
 Often likened to the color of music.
 Quality that distinguishes a voice or an instrument from another.

6. Texture
 Number of melodies
 Relatedness in a composition

 3 Types of Texture
1. Monophonic – single melodic line
2. Polyphonic – two or more melodic lines
3. Homophonic- main melody accompanied by chords.
Principles of Art
1. Balance
 In an artwork, it is the placement of all the elements of
the composition so their visual weights seem
eventually distributed.
 The composition of the artwork stable.

Types of Balance
 Formal Balance or Symmetrical Balance
- Which contents on either side of a center line
are exactly the same.
- One side would mirror the other.
 Informal Balance or Asymmetrical
Balance
- Two sides of an artwork are not exactly
alike, yet still appears pleasantly even.

 Radial Balance
- occurs when all element in the
composition radiate outward from the center
or toward it.
2. Scale and Proportion
 Scale – pertains to the size in relation to what
is formal for the figure or object in question.
 Proportion - size of the components or object
in relation to one another when taken as a
composition or unit. Also it refers to values
such as amounts or number of elements or
objects in composition.

Proportion can be:

1. Natural – realistic size usual elements in the
artwork.
2. Exaggerated – unusual size relations of visual
elements
- minuteness of an object.
Notions in scale in exaggerated
 Diminutive – element is smaller than expected
 Monumental – appears to be longer that what is
presumed.
3. Idealized – follow common of perfection. Is achieve the
most ideal size-relations.

3. Contrast
 Refers to the value contrast in a work of art. The
high and low contrast.
High contrast- refers to a great difference between High contrast
colors or elements

Low contrast- slight difference between colors and

elements.
Low contrast
4. Emphasis
 Concerned with making an element or object in a
work standout.

5. Unity
 The arrangement of elements to create a
feeling of oneness. When the part of work come
together, the work has unity.
6. Variety
 Combining different art elements like colors, lines,
shapes, and texture to increase visual interest.

7. Harmony
 Concerned with combining related art elements
to create a pleasing appearance.
8. Movement
 Used to create the look and feel of action.
 Guide the viewer’s eyes throughout a work of art.

9. Rhythm
 Created when a element is repeated.
 Variety of repetition helps invigorate rhythm as
depicted in the artwork.

5 TPES OF RHYTHM

1. Random Rhythm- an artwork that contains repeating

elements without a specified order or arrangement.
Some random rhythm examples include splatters of
paint or shells on a beach.
2. Regular rhythm - an artwork that contains repeating elements
with a specified order or arrangement that can be measured. Some
regular rhythm examples include evenly spaced windows or tiles.

3. Alternating rhythm - an artwork that contains a repetition of

two or more components that are used interchangeably. Some
alternating rhythm examples include alternating light and dark colors or
placing various shapes and/or colors in a repeating pattern.
4. Flowing rhythm- Describes an artwork that contains curved or
circular elements that give the art movement.

5. Progressive rhythm - describes an artwork that contains

repeating elements in a pattern that change either in size or color as
they repeat. Some progressive rhythm examples include building blocks
arranged from smallest to largest and spirals.
10. Pattern
- Design in which lines, shapes, forms
or colors are repeated.
- It can be regular of irregular
 THANK YOU SO MUCH
EVERYONE! GOD BLESS US ALL
AND HAVE A NICE DAY!
que el señor nos guíe siempre!!