LESSON- 8

ther, Climate and Animal Adapt

 

Presented by: Hanshika, Varnika, Shanzah and Pragnav

WEATHER
ELEMENTS OF WEATHER
CHANGE IN TEMPERATURE
 HUMIDITY
The amount of water vapour present in the air
is called humidity. Air has the capacity to hold
a certain amount of water in it. Places near the
sea such as Pune and Kolkata where humidity
levels is maintained above 80%. The humidity
of a place is determined in terms of its relative
humidity.
 RELATIVE HUMIDITY
Relative humidity is the ratio of the amount of water
vapour in the air at a particular temperature to the
maximum amount of water vapour the air can hold
at that temperature. Relative humidity is always
expressed in percentage (%). At 100%, air is said to
be totally saturated with water vapour and cannot
hold any more, creating the chances of rain. Relative
humidity is measured with the help of an instrument
called hygrometer.
 RAINFALL

The chances of rainfall in a region can be

predicted by the relative humidity of that
place. Rainfall is the water that falls from
the atmosphere to the Earth's surface. The
amount of rainfall can be measured with
the help of an instrument called the rain
 KNOW YOUR SCIENTIST
Leonardo da Vinci
He was born on 15 April, 1452 in Italy.
He built the first crude hygrometer in
1480. He was talented and a polymath
who spanned the renaissance era and
contributed largely in the fields of
invention, sculpting and architecture.
 WIND

Wind blows due to the uneven heating of the Earth.

The scientists who make the weather predictions are
called meteorologists, they use data from satellites and
analyze it to forecast about the weather. They compare
and study the atmospheric conditions which occurred in
the past and the present and then they apply the
information to predict the future weather. Wind, aswell
affects the weather conditions. The speed and direction
should be measured.
 CLIMATE
Climate, unlike weather can be defined as a place as the
average weather pattern take over A LONG TIME. Like
months to years. On earth there are many different
climates. 
Factors that determine the climate are:
• latitude
• Altitude 
• Closeness to sea
• rainfall
• wind
 Latitude
• Equator is the imaginary line that divides earth into 2.
• Latitude denotes one of the region of the earth in relation to its distance from
the imaginary line
( equator )
• Latitude is usually measured in degrees.
• The main three zones on earth are:
• Torrid zone ( it is near the equator. Direct sunlight is received, thus, it is a
very hot place.)
• Frigid zone ( near the north and south poles, this it is a cool place.)
• Temperature zone ( between the torrid and frigid zone, we can say as a
perfect temperature, or as the warmest zones.
 REMEMBER

The condition of the atmosphere at a

particular place for a short time is called
weather and weather persistent over a long
period say for years at a place is called
climate.