Planetary Model of an atom

The Bohr Atomic Model has an atom consisting of a

small, positively-charged nucleus orbited by negatively-
charged electrons. The Bohr Model has an atom
consisting of a small, positively-charged nucleus orbited
by negatively-charged electrons. The Bohr Model is a
planetary model in which the negatively-charged
electrons orbit a small, positively-charged nucleus
similar to the planets orbiting the Sun (except that the
orbits are not planar). The gravitational force of the
solar system is mathematically akin to the Coulomb
(electrical) force between the positively-charged
nucleus and the negatively-charged electrons.

Main Points of the Bohr Model

Electrons orbit the nucleus in orbits that have a set
size and energy.
The energy of the orbit is related to its size. The
lowest energy is found in the smallest orbit.
Radiation is absorbed or emitted when an electron
moves from one orbit to another.
 Neils Bohr
Niels Bohr, in full Niels Henrik David Bohr, (born October 7, 1885, Copenhagen,
Denmark—died November 18, 1962, Copenhagen), Danish physicist who is
generally regarded as one of the foremost physicists of the 20th century. He was
the first to apply the quantum concept, which restricts the energy of a system to
certain discrete values, to the problem of atomic and molecular structure. For
that work he received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922. His manifold roles in
the origins and development of quantum physics may be his most-important
contribution, but through his long career his involvements were substantially
broader, both inside and outside the world of Physics.
Bohr’s first contribution to the emerging new idea of quantum physics started in
1912 during what today would be called postdoctoral research in England with 
Ernest Rutherford at the University of Manchester. Only the year before,
Rutherford and his collaborators had established experimentally that the atom
 consists of a heavy positively charged nucleus with substantially lighter
negatively charged electrons circling around it at considerable distance.
According to classical physics, such a system would be unstable, and Bohr felt
compelled to postulate, in a substantivetrilogy of articles published in The
Philosophical Magazine in 1913, that electrons could only occupy particular
orbits determined by the quantum of action and that electromagnetic radiation
 from an atom occurred only when an electron jumped to a lower-energy orbit.
Although radical and unacceptable to most physicists at the time, the 
Bohr atomic model was able to account for an ever-increasing number of
experimental data, famously starting with the spectral line series emitted by 
hydrogen.