EMPLOYMENT AND

UNEMPLOYMENT
Fulfilled:
Student group
6.06.076.020.18.1
Sinytska D.O. D.O.
 EMPLOYMENT
Employment is part of the population in work, including
education, army service, housekeeping, childcare and
inclined people.
The category of employed in Ukraine includes citizens
residing in the territory of the state on legal grounds
and:
• Full-time or part-time employment in institutions of all
forms of ownership in Ukraine and abroad.
• Independently provide themselves with work.
• Selected or assigned to a paid position in state
authorities and public organizations.
 UNEMPLOYMENT
Unemployment is an economic category that reflects
economic relations with regard to involuntary
unemployment of the able-bodied population.
Factors for the formation of unemployment may be:
lack of aggregate effective demand;
the inflexibility of the system of relative prices and
wage rates and distortions
connected with monetary expansion of the state and
further inflation;
lack of labor mobility;
demographic changes in the number and composition
of the workforce;
 Unemployment

Frictional Cyclical
unemployment unemployment

Structural
unemployment

temporary unemployment, unemployment that occurs

connected with voluntary or during a period of economic
forced search or expectation recession, a decline in total
Unemployment is related to
of work due to professional, output, manifested in excess of
structural changes in the
age, regional movement of the supply of labor over demand
economy, which change the
labor. in it in all sectors.
components of labor demand
and supply.
 Hidden
Voluntary
Forced unemployment
unemployment
unemployment  
 
 

is due to the fact that the is observed if the

workers do not agree to
is generated by the number of employees
work under the conditions
of this salary, but agree to inflexible price of exceeds the objective
work only at higher labor in the presence need.
wages.  of a fixed salary.
 Depending on the level of unemployment,
full and part-time employment is
distinguished:
• Full employment is employment at the level of natural
unemployment. natural unemployment includes frictional
and structural unemployment and is a requirement of the
economy.
• Part-time employment is associated with crises in the
economy and occurs when the actual level of
unemployment is exceeded over its natural level. At the
same time, in practice, a situation where the actual level of
unemployment is lower than the natural one is also
possible.
Key Indicators of the Use of Workforcе
To characterize the labor market, relative indicators are used, among
which the following are the main ones:
1) employment level, determined by the formula:
Pe = (E / L )*100%,
where Pe is the employment level; E - number of employees; L -
the number of labor force (at the age of 15-70 years);
2) unemployment (actual unemployment rate) - the ratio of the
number of unemployed and the number of manpower:
u= U / L*100 %.
where u - unemployment rate, U - number of unemployed, L - labor
force.
Thank you!