PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

DURING AMERICAN PERIOD

 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
• The Filipino revolutionists won against the Spaniards who colonized for
more than 300 years.
• June 12,1898 raised the Philippine flag as a symbol of our independence.
Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo was selected the first president of the Philippine
republic but this was short lived.
• The Filipino-American war resulted in the defeat of Gen. Miguel Malvar
in 1903. The peace movements started as early as 1900.
• Many Filipino started writing again and the
nationalism of the people remain undaunted.
Filipino writers went into all forms of literature like
NEWS REPORTING, POETRY,
STORIES,PLAYS,ESSAYS AND NOVELS. Their
writings clearly depicted their LOVE OF
COUNTRY and their LONGINGS FOR
INDEPENDENCE.
 IN 1910
• A new group started to write in English.
• Hence, Spanish, Tagalog, the Vernaculars and finally, English, were the
mediums used in literature during these times.
• The writers in Spanish were wont to write on nationalism like honoring
Rizal and other heroes.
• The writers in Tagalog continued in their lamentations on the conditions
of the country and their attemps to arouse love for one’s native tongue.
The writers in English imitated the themes and methods of the American .
 IN 1920

• The UP college Folio was later replaced by the Philippine collegian.

• DEAD STARS by PAZ MARQUEZ BENITEZ stand out as a model of
perfection in character delineation, local color, plot and message.
• 1933
• FOOTNOTE TO YOUTH by JOSE GARCIA VILLA
• EL NUEVO DIA( THE NEW DAY)- established by SERGIO OSMENIA IN 1900
• EL GRITO DEL PUEBLO(THE CALL OF THE NATION)- established by PASCUAL
POBLETE IN 1900
• EL RENACIEMENTO(THE REBIRTH)- founded by RAFAEL PALMA IN 1900
THERE WERE ALSO PLAYS WRITTEN, INCLUDED HERE WERE THE
FOLLOWING:
• KAHAPON, NGAYON AT BUKAS(yesterday, today and tomorrow) written by
AURELIO TOLENTINO
• TANIKALANG GINTO of Juan Abad
• MALAYA by Thomas Remigio
• WALANG SUGAT by Severino Reyes
 CECILIO APOSTOL

Cecilio Apóstol was a Filipino poet and poet laureate. His poems
were once used to teach the Spanish language under the Republic
Act No. 1881. He was born in Santa Cruz, Manila and studied at
the Ateneo de Manila where he finished his Bachelor of Arts,
before studying law at the University of Santo Tomas.
 FERNANDO MA. GUERERO

Fernando María Guerrero Ramírez was a Spanish Filipino, poet,

journalist, lawyer, politician, and polyglot who became a
significant figure during the Philippines' golden period of Spanish
literature, a period ranging from 1890 to the outbreak of World
War II in 1940.
 JESUS BALMORI

Jesús Balmori y González-Mondragón was a Filipino Spanish

language journalist, playwright, and poet.
 OTHERS WRITTERS IN SPANISH
1. Adelina Guerrea-was first woman poet in the Philippines who was good in
spanish. She obtained the Nobel Prize in her EL NIDO.
2. Isidro Marpori- became famous for his four books entitled AROMA DE
ENSUENO.
3. Macario Adriatico-wrote of legend of Mindoro entitled LA PUNTA DE
SALTO
4. Epifanio de los Santos –was a noted Filipino historian, journalism, and
civil servant.
 Filipino literature
• Lope K. Santos –”father of the National language Grammar’’, he was also called “apo” of
the tagalog writters.”BANAAG AT SIKAT” was his master piece.
• Jose Corazon de Jesus- known as huseng batute, he was also called the poet of love in his
time.”ANG ISANG PUNONG KAHOY”, an elegy, is believed to be his master piece.
• Armando V. Hernandez- was dubbed”poet of the laborers”, his masterpiece is “ANG
PANDAY”
• Valeriano Hernandez Pena- known as Tandang Anong, he considers”NENA AT
NENENG”his masterpiece
• Inigo Ed Ragalado- a popular story teller, novelist and newspaper man.
THANK YOU!