Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Trigonometry Ratios in Right Triangle and Special Right Triangles
Trigonometry Ratios in Right Triangle and Special Right Triangles
Trigonometry Ratios in Right Triangle and Special Right Triangles
A
Trigonometric Ratios
hyp
opp
θ
The trigonometric functions are: adj
sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, and cosecant.
opp
sin = cos = adj tan = opp
hyp hyp adj
hyp hyp
csc = sec = cot = adj
opp adj opp
S OH C AH T OA
Finding an angle from a triangle
1. Find angle C
a) Identify/label the names of
14 cm the sides.
Cos A = a
h
Cos C = 6
14
Cos C = 0.4286
C = cos-1 (0.4286)
C = 64.6o
2. Find angle x
Given adj and opp
x need to use tan:
3 cm a
opposite
Tan A = adjacent
o 8 cm
Tan A = o
a
Tan x = 8
3
Tan x = 2.6667
x = tan-1 (2.6667)
x = 69.4o
Finding a side from a triangle
Cos A = a
h
Cos 30 = k
7
Cos 30 x 7 = k
6.1 cm = k
4. We have been given the opp
and adj so we use TAN:
50o
4 cm
Tan A =
Tan A = o
a
Tan 50 =
r
4
Tan 50 x 4 = r
4.8 cm = r
45°-45°-90° Triangle Theorem
• In a 45°-45°-90°
triangle, the 45°
x√2
hypotenuse is √2
times as long as each x
leg.
45°
x
Hypotenuse = √2 * leg
30°-60°-90° Triangle Theorem
• In a 30°-60°-90°
triangle, the
hypotenuse is twice as 60°
2x
long as the shorter
x
leg, and the longer leg
is √3 times as long as
30°
the shorter leg. x√3
Hypotenuse = 2 ∙ shorter leg
Longer leg = √3 ∙ shorter leg
Ex. 1: Finding the hypotenuse in a 45°-45°-
90° Triangle
3 3
45°
x
Hypotenuse = √2 ∙ leg 45°-45°-90° Triangle
Theorem
x = √2 ∙ 3 Substitute values
x = 3√2 Simplify
Ex. 3: Finding side lengths in a 30°-60°-90°
Triangle
30°
5
Statement: Reasons:
Longer leg = √3 ∙ shorter leg 30°-60°-90° Triangle Theorem
5 = √3 ∙ s Substitute values
5 = √3
√ s√ Divide each side by √3
35 3
= s Simplify
√
√3 35 Multiply numerator and
= s denominator by √3
√ √
3 5√3 Simplify
= s
3
The length t of the hypotenuse is twice the length s of the shorter leg.
60°
t s
30°
5
Statement: Reasons:
Hypotenuse = 2 ∙ shorter leg 30°-60°-90° Triangle Theorem
t = 2 5√ Substitute values
∙ 33
t = 10√ Simplify
33