Earth Subsystems

EARTH SUBSYSTEMS
Everything in Earth's system can be placed into
one of four major subsystems: land, water, living
things, or air. These four subsystems are called
"spheres." Specifically, they are the:
1. lithosphere for land,
2. hydrosphere for water,
3. biosphere for living things, and;
4. atmosphere for air.
 1. LITHOSPHERE
The lithosphere includes the rocks of the crust
and mantle, the metallic liquid outer core, and
the solid inner core.
PLATE TECTONICS - a theory explaining the
structure of the earth's crust and many associated
phenomena as resulting from the interaction of
rigid lithospheric plates which move slowly over
the underlying mantle.
EARTH TODAY

The Earth 200-300

million years in the
past
ANCIENT EARTH

The Earth 200-300

million years in the
past
FUTURE EARTH

The Earth 250

million years in the
future.
 2. HYDROSPHERE
About 70% of the Earth is covered in liquid
water and much of it is in the ocean. Only 3% of
Earth’s water is fresh: two-thirds are in form of
ice, and the remaining one-thirds is present in
streams, lakes, and groundwater.
HYDROLOGIC CYCLE - is the continuous
circulation of water within the Earth's
hydrosphere.
 3. BIOSPHERE
The biosphere is the set of all life forms on
Earth. It covers all ecosystems - from soil to the
rainforest, from mangroves to coral reefs, and
from the plankton-rich ocean surface to the deep
sea.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS - is the process by which
plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to
create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar.
 4. ATMOSPHERE
The atmosphere is the thin gaseous layer that
envelops the lithosphere. The present atmosphere
is composed of 78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, 1%
of Argon and other gases.

WEATHER - is the condition of the atmosphere

over an area at a certain period of time.
 INTERACTION BETWEEN THE 4 SPHERES
Although the four
systems have their
individual identities, there
is important interaction
between them.
Environmental scientists
study the effects of events
in one sphere on the other
spheres.
 INTERACTION BETWEEN THE 4 SPHERES

Event: VOLCANIC ERUPTION

Process: Lithosphere ->> Atmosphere ->>

Hydrosphere ->> Biosphere
 INTERACTION BETWEEN THE 4 SPHERES
Volcanoes (an event in the lithosphere) release a
large amount of particulate matter into the
atmosphere. These particles serve as nuclei for
the formation of water droplets (hydrosphere).
Rainfall (hydrosphere) often increases following
an eruption, stimulating plant growth (biosphere).
 ACTIVITY: Earth Subsystems
Each group will discuss the subsystem they
were assigned with through any means (reporting,
drawing, dancing, poetry etc.). Provide a real-life
scenarios or natural phenomena that represents
your subsystem.
 RUBRIC
Criteria 10 7 5
Collaboration All of the members contributed Some members did not Most members did not
in the activity. contribute in the activity. contribute intheactivity.

Content The information presented is The information presented is The information presented is
sufficient and accurate. sufficient but there are some insufficient and inaccurate.
inaccuracies.

Creativity& The presentation shows The presentation shows The presentation shows no
Design coherent design and clever use coherent design but has no coherent design and clever
of imagination. clever use of imagination. use of imagination.
 QUIZ
1. Which among these planets is the densest?
A. Earth C. Mars
B. Venus D. Jupiter
 QUIZ
2. Which among these planets is the most
massive?
A. Earth C. Mars
B. Venus D. Jupiter
 QUIZ
3. The following are the factors that make a
planet habitable except ______.
A. Water C. Nutrients
B. Oxygen D. Energy
 QUIZ
4. It is the supercontinent of Earth 200-300
million years ago.
A. Pangea C. Panthalassa
B. Gondwana D. Laurasia
 QUIZ
5. The following are the major gases that
makes up the Earth’s atmosphere except
______.
A. CO2 C. N
B. O2 D. Ar
 QUIZ
5. The following are the major gases that
makes up the Earth’s atmosphere except
______.
A. CO2 C. N
B. O2 D. Ar
 QUIZ
6 - 7. List down at least 2 of the factors that
make a planet habitable.

8 - 9. List down at least 2 of the Earth’s

Subsystem.

10. What did you learned today? (1 topic)

explain briefly
THANK YOU!