GLOBAL

NETWORKS 
INTRODUCTION
Welcome to Module 5! In this learning module in Trends, Networks
and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century, you will understand the
components, operations, effects and networks of globalization in
your daily life. 
 GOALS &
OBJECTIVES
Specifically, after working on this module, you should be able to:

• give examples of various activities in one’s daily life that show the concrete effects
of globalization (HUMSS_MCT12If-g-1); 
• explain the concrete effects of globalization to one’s daily life  (HUMSS_MCT12-
if-g-2); 
• explain the need for collaboration and cooperation to achieve interconnectedness
of people and nations (HUMSS_MCT12-if-g-4); and 
• show the interconnectedness of people and nations (HUMSS_MCT12If-g-3). 
GLOBALIZATION
• The term globalization refers to the emergence of an international
network, belonging to an economic and social system.
• The term was first used in 1930 in a publication on education.
• Globalization has a history going back to commercial and imperialist
movements in Asia and the Indian Ocean since the fifteenth century.
• Roland Robertson defined globalization as "the understanding of the
world and the increased perception of the world as a whole."
• Martin Albrow and Elizabeth King define globalization as "all those
processes by which the peoples of the world are incorporated into a single
world society."
• Globalization can be linked to local, national, regional, and global
interactions and networks, in both social and economic relationships.
FACTORS THAT CAUSE
GLOBALIZATION

MIGRATION
• is a movement to another place, often of a
large group of people. 

LABOR
• is defined as work, especially hard physical
work.
TYPES OF GLOBALIZATION

Economic Globalization 

• is the increasing economic integration and

interdependence of national, regional, and local
economies across the world through an intensification of
cross boarder movement of goods, services, technologies
and capital.

Social Globalization

• is a social transformation or process leading to the

achievement of people-centered development. Human-
centered development concept is offered as an alternative
strategy to bring about a more equity development
outcome. 
 Political Globalization 

• refers to an increasing trend toward multilateralism in an

emerging transnational state apparatus and the
emergence of national and international non-
governmental organizations that act as watchdogs over
governments. 

The government has four distinct roles in addressing sustainability

concerns. These roles are as follows:

1. Policy development 
2. Regulation 
3. Facilitation 
4. Internal sustainability management 
Financial Globalization 

• is a collective concept that refers to increasing global

linkages created through cross-border financial flows.
Financial integration refers to an individual country's
linkages to international capital markets. shorten this
meaning

Technological Globalization

• is accelerated in large part by technological transmission,

the spread of technology across borders.
 Ecological Globalization 

• occurs when ecosystems are constantly exchanging materials through

the movement of air in the atmosphere, the flow of water in rivers and
the migration of animals across the landscape.

 Geographical Globalization

• defined as the set of processes economic, social, cultural,

technological, and institutional that contributes to the relationship
between societies and individuals around the world.
• It is a progressive process by which exchanges and flows between
different parts of the world are intensified.
 Positive and Negative Effects of
Globalization

POSITIVE
• It creates opportunities for countries to connect to other countries for
larger markets.

• Can lead to more access capital flows, technology, human capital, cheaper
imports and larger export markets.

•  Allows businesses to become part of  international production networks

and supply chains of different countries.

• Allows workers to migrate from their homelands in poorer countries to

more developed countries to find work.

•  Technologies are introduced to make a narrower product more efficiently.

 Positive and Negative Effects of
Globalization

NEGATIVE
• The growth of international trade has worsened income inequalities between
developed, developing and underdeveloped countries.

• Global commerce is increasingly dominated by transnational corporations which seek

to maximize profits without regard for the development needs of individual countries.

• Competitions among developing countries are races which dangerously lower

environmental standards.

• Parents and children can spend a decade apart, where they pass their responsibilities
to grandparents.

• Many developing countries do not have strict rules about environmental protection,
resulting in serious air, water, and soil pollution.
 Interconnections of People and Nations

• Globalization leads to interconnectedness of people and nations, where

PEOPLE refers to as group of people with commonality, such as religion,
culture and language who lives in a specific area. 

• While NATION refers to a larger group of people organized in a specific

place, which embodied an independent government of its country where
they can decide on their own.
COLLABORATIO
N
• means to work together with others to achieve a
common goal. 

• working together in cohesive “collective” in unusual

roles embracing talents of each person to synergize or
invent something new in a way that:
 
a. benefits all the groups,
b. serves the whole team’s goal, and

c. may result to creative innovation.  

COOPERATION
• the process of working together to the same end. It is
an active help from a person, organization etc. such
as an orderly sharing of space and resources.

• means conditionally sharing information and

resources while functioning together within an
independent “connective” in typical roles with
workloads accepted as unequal to change something
in a way that:
a. benefits some individuals in a group,  
b. meets their personal needs, and  
c. may result in disrupted innovation.  
THANK YOU!!