Categorical

Proposition: Quantity,
Quality, Symbols,
Schematic Form, &
Venn Diagram
Lesson 7
Objectives:
• Identify the elements of categorical proposition
and its quantity, quality, categorical symbol,
schematic form and Venn diagram.
• Make examples of propositions using the
categorical proposition
Basic Elements of Categorical
Proposition

Subject Term - is the term designating the

concept about which the pronouncement is made.
Predicate Term - is the term designating the
concept which is affirmed or denied of the
subject.
Copula (linking verb) - is the word expressing
the mental act which pronounces the agreement
or disagreement between the subject and the
predicate terms.

Ex.
is, are, was, were (affirmative)
is not, are not, was not, were not (negative)
Quality of Propositions

The copula plays an important role in determining the quality

of proposition. If the copula is “is” or “are” then the
proposition is affirmative, but if the copula is “in not” or “are
not”, the proposition is negative.
Quantity of Propositions

The article “no” before the subject signifies the

universality of the proposition. The article “no” is the
indicator of the quality and quantity of the proposition as
negative and universal respectively.
Features of Four Categorical
Symbol
• A Proposition
• E Propositions
• I Propositions.
• O Propositions
A Proposition

• The logical structure is “All S is P.”

• The quality of the proposition is affirmative.
• The quantity of the subject term and proposition is
universal.
• The quantity of the predicate term is particular.
• Ex. All men and woman are thinkers.
E Propositions

• The logical structure is “No S is P.”

• The quality of the proposition is negative.
• The quantity of the subject term and the proposition is
universal.
• The quantity of the predicate term is universal.
• Ex. No one is perfect.
I Propositions.

• The logical structure is “Some S is P.”

• The quality of the proposition is affirmative.
• The quantity of the subject term and the proposition is
particular.
• The quantity of the predicate term is particular.
• Ex. Ten students are outstanding.
O Propositions

• The logical structure is “Some S is not P.”

• The quality of the proposition is negative.
• The quantity of the subject term and the proposition is
Particular.
• The quantity of the predicate term is universal.
• Ex. Some criminals are not rapists.