INTRODUCTIO

N TO
PHILOSOPHY
COMPETENCY 1:

Distinguish a holistic
perspective from a
partial point of view
2
Partial thinking
A way of thinking that focuses on the specific aspects of the
situation. The partial view is an important component of analytical
thinking, on certain areas or aspects of the problem in order to
understand it.

Holistic thinking
Refers to a perspective that considers large-scale patterns in
systems. This is often described as looking at the “big picture” when
describing and analyzing a situation or a problem. A holistic
perspective requires an individual to have an open mindset and an
ability to get a general sense or impression regarding a situation
 In addition, a holistic perspective also enable a person to step
back and
consider the general aspects of a certain problem. It gives rise to a
more
appreciative aspect about life, as we are able to look at life in its totality.
This means that we try to understand a situation from
different advantage points so we can see it more clearly. Just as
we savor food in its entirety and not to pick out each ingredient
and taste it. We experience and appreciate life in its entirety and
not just its specific “flavors” of happiness, sadness, sorrows, etc.
We learn to value and recognize our individual experiences as
important aspects of a larger and more meaningful life.
 “
From the above discussion,
how can holistic view help
us become a better person?

5
COMPETENCY 2:

Realize the value of

doing philosophy in
obtaining a broad
perspective on life.
6
 Philosophy is generally defined as love of wisdom or the
knowledge of things in general by their ultimate causes, so for as
reason attain to such knowledge.

It is a comprehensive and critical study and analysis of

experience. Whether it is consciously, deliberately and rationally
adopted on conviction or consciously or unconsciously followed in
life through faith or persuasion, every man constructs for himself a
fundamental philosophy as the basis of life, a theory of the relation
to the world and the individual, and this shapes his whole attitude
to life.
7
 Doing Philosophy can be applied in day-to-day activities and
life perspectives, because it involves evaluative process. Doing
philosophy allows a person to make better decisions and act
accordingly to situations with the help of various philosophical
skills.

Philosophy as a body of knowledge provides methodologies

and insights on how societal questions, such as moral dilemmas of
euthanasia or same-sex marriage, can be answered.

8
The process of doing philosophy
should NOT be mistaken for the
Filipino activity of
PAMIMILOSOPO or pedantry
where a person displays useless
knowledge or minute
observance of small details.
9
 FOUR REASONS WHY PHILOSOPHY IS AS RELEVANT AS
EVER.
1. Philosophy is the foundation of critical thinking.
➢ It brings the important questions to the table and work towards an
answer. It encourages us to think critically about the world. It is the
foundation of all knowledge and when utilized properly can provide us
with huge benefits.
2. Science cannot answer every question.
➢ Science helps us live longer, whereas philosophy helps us live better.
It is striving towards figuring out what is true and worthwhile, and what
it means to live a meaningful and worthwhile life.
10
3. Philosophy has meaning in the business world.
➢ It explains that anyone who wants to succeed in a challenging,
leading position in business, public administration, politics, or the
wider society needs a crucial set of skills.

4. Ancient philosophers continue to influence humanity.

➢ Greek philosophers like Plato and Aristotle laid the
foundations of Western culture, and their ideas and insights still
dictate essential features of our world from what we eat to what
we see on the internet. Confucius on the other hand had
influenced China’s modern government.
11
Direction: Identify whether the statement is FACT or BLUFF. If the
statement is bluff reason out what makes it bluff. Write your answer on
the space provided below each item.

1.Philosophy helps us to engage in critical thinking.

__________________________________________________
2. Philosophy is obsolete and is no longer useful in the society.
__________________________________________________
3. Philosophy helps us to live better.
__________________________________________________
4. Pedantry is synonymous to philosophy especially among Filipinos.
__________________________________________________
5. Philosophy is NOT useful in business and politics.
__________________________________________________ 12
COMPETENCY 3:

Do a philosophical
reflection
13
The use of philosophical
reflection is important as it
enables thought to be
investigated using a deeper,
holistic perspective. In effect,
actions are directed towards
greater sources of wisdom
and truth. 14
A big part of living is spent pondering many questions, and our
lives become more meaningful because we search for answers to
these innumerable questions. This is the essence of philosophy-
the search for answers to life’s questions.
Human Activities Emanated from Deliberate Reflection
1. Learning from your previous mistakes and not repeating them
again.
2. Evaluating and knowing the best choice from a set of options.
3. Gaining a holistic point of view first before making any
conclusion.
4. Gather more information before arriving into a final judgment.
5. Eliminate all negative choices before deciding something. 15
Our ability to engage in philosophical reflection helps
us develop beneficial skills, which are deemed
important in our daily situations such as:
1. Philosophy enables a person to develop a critical and analytical mindset in
processing information and addressing certain issues encountered in life.

- Our ability to critically think helps us from being tricked by false claims
and manipulative schemes.

2. Philosophy helps us develop problem solving and decision-making

skills.
- It is through our engagement with philosophy that we learn how to analyze
a problem and come up with alternative solutions is very important skill
learned through philosophy. 16
Our ability to engage in philosophical reflection helps
us develop beneficial skills, which are deemed
important in our daily situations such as:
3. Philosophy trains us to become precise and clear in presenting our ideas and
thoughts.

- As we engage in discussion and debate, philosophy enables us to convey

our ideas precisely and clearly.

4. Philosophy contributes greatly to the self-development of a person.

- In our quest to become a better version of our self, philosophy encourages

us to understand our self, our strength and weaknesses, our identity and our
very purpose in life along with our engagement in the community, the
nation and the world. 17
Reflection is an important aspect of
Philosophy. One can engage in reflection by
engaging one’s thought, feelings and other
actions and learning from experience.
Reflecting on situations, activities, actions
and decisions enable a person to gain
insights that will help in effective 18
In doing Philosophy, a holistic
perspective on the subject is
always required. Failure to do so or
only using a partial point of view
may lead to illogical or incorrect
conclusions.
19
COMPETENCY 4:

Distinguish Opinion
from Truth
20
Today, we encounter a lot of information from various
sources such as the media and our interactions with friends,
family, and members of the community. Most of them is
helpful, but some may mislead or may even be utterly false.
How can we distinguish opinion from truth?
Most of the time there are statements presented to you in
readings or perhaps in speaking engagements. You are
asked to listen that based on facts and opinions. Reading
materials or speeches tend to have interwoven statements as
either fact or opinion wherein your critical skill is called to
sort which is true from those set of beliefs or ideas. 21
However, there are philosophical grounds to which fact
and opinion should be critically analyzed.

Take for example John Corvino’s Three Distinction of

opinion and truth:

1.Belief and Reality Distinction

Reality is unarguably seen and felt by the human senses.

Whereas, belief is a by-product or a manifestation of any
reality. 22
2. Subjective and Objective Distinction

Perspective is what makes fact as possibly an opinion or

opinion as potentially a fact. This can vary according to
one’s experience and position making judgment as either
subjective or objective. What makes your viewpoint
subjective is when you rely so much on your perception as
dictated by your mind. And when something appears to
you objectively that means there are reasons outside of the
mind that make the thing true
23
3. Descriptive and Normative Distinction
How any experience is labelled depends on their representations from
the world. There is such a thing we call Descriptive statements which
simply narrates what happens, while there are the Normative
statements which evaluate the events according to the perspective of
people, a certain culture and law.
For example, in a certain class the teacher observes cheating to be
rampant which is basically a wrong doing (Descriptive), but, with the
group of students doing the act they might reason out that the act is
for their greater good(Normative).
24
Fact Opinion

A fact is a statement that can be proven An opinion expresses someone’s belief,

true. feeling, view, idea, or judgment about
something or someone

25
COMPETENCY 5:

Realize that the

Methods of Philosophy
lead to Wisdom and
Truth
26
27
COMPETENCY 6:
Evaluate truth from opinion in
the
different situations using
methods of
philosophizing
28
COMPETENCY 7:
Recognize how the
human body
imposes limits and
possibilities for
transcendence 29
COMPETENCY 8:
Evaluate own
limitations and the
possibilities for their
transcendence
30
A picture is
worth a thousand
words
A complex idea can be
conveyed with just a single
still image, namely making it
possible to absorb large
amounts of data quickly.

31
Want big impact?
Use big image.

32
 Use diagrams to explain your
ideas
Vestibulum congue tempus
1
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor.
Donec facilisis lacus eget mauris.

Vestibulum congue tempus

2
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor.
Donec facilisis lacus eget mauris.

Vestibulum congue tempus

3 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor.
Donec facilisis lacus eget mauris.

33
And tables to compare data
A B C

Yellow 10 20 7

Blue 30 15 10

Orange 5 24 16

34
Maps

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89,526,124
Whoa! That’s a big number, aren’t you proud?

36
89,526,124$
That’s a lot of money

185,244 users
And a lot of users

100%
Total success!

37
 Our process is easy
Lorem 1
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Duis
sit amet odio vel purus bibendum
luctus. Morbi iaculis dapibus
tristique. In hac habitasse platea
dictumst. Mauris convallis quam
at. Morbi iaculis dapibus
tristique.
Lorem 2
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Duis
sit amet odio vel purus bibendum
luctus. Morbi iaculis dapibus
tristique. In hac habitasse platea
dictumst. Mauris convallis quam
at. Morbi iaculis dapibus
tristique.
Lorem 3
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Duis
sit amet odio vel purus bibendum
luctus. Morbi iaculis dapibus
tristique. In hac habitasse platea
dictumst. Mauris convallis quam
at. Morbi iaculis dapibus
tristique.
38
Let’s review some concepts
Yellow
Is the color of gold, butter and
ripe lemons. In the spectrum of
visible light, yellow is found
between green and orange.
Yellow
Is the color of gold, butter and
ripe lemons. In the spectrum of
visible light, yellow is found
between green and orange.
Blue
Is the colour of the clear sky and
the deep sea. It is located
between violet and green on the
optical spectrum.
Blue
Is the colour of the clear sky and
the deep sea. It is located
between violet and green on the
optical spectrum.
Red
Is the color of blood, and
because of this it has historically
been associated with sacrifice,
danger and courage.
Red
Is the color of blood, and
because of this it has historically
been associated with sacrifice,
danger and courage.
39
4000

3000

2000

1000

You can insert graphs from Excel or Google Sheets

40
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project
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2. Extra Resources
For Business Plans, Marketing Plans, Project
Proposals, Lessons, etc
 Timeline
Yellow is the color of
Blue is the colour of the Red is the colour of danger Black is the color of ebony gold, butter and ripe White is the color of milk Blue is the colour of the
clear sky and the deep sea and courage and of outer space lemons and fresh snow clear sky and the deep sea

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

Yellow is the color of White is the color of milk Blue is the colour of the Red is the colour of danger Black is the color of ebony Yellow is the color of
gold, butter and ripe and fresh snow clear sky and the deep sea and courage and of outer space gold, butter and ripe
lemons lemons

48
Roadmap
Blue is the colour of the Red is the colour of danger Black is the color of ebony
clear sky and the deep sea and courage and of outer space

1 3 5

2 4 6

Yellow is the color of gold, White is the color of milk Blue is the colour of the
butter and ripe lemons and fresh snow clear sky and the deep sea

49
Gantt chart
Week 1 Week 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Task 1

Task 2 ◆

Task 3

Task 4 ◆

Task 5 ◆

Task 6

Task 7

Task 8

50
SWOT Analysis
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
Blue is the colour of Yellow is the color of
the clear sky and the gold, butter and ripe
deep sea lemons

Black is the color of

ebony and of outer White is the color of
space milk and fresh snow
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

51
Business Model Canvas

Key Partners Key Activities Value Propositions Customer Relationships Customer Segments
Insert your content Insert your content Insert your content Insert your content Insert your content

Key Resources Channels

Insert your content Insert your content

Cost Structure Revenue Streams

Insert your content Insert your content

52
Funnel
AWARENESS Insert your content

DISCOVERY Insert your content

EVALUATION Insert your content

INTENT Insert your content

PURCHASE Insert your content

LOYALTY Insert your content

53
 Team Presentation

Imani Jackson Marcos Galán Ixchel Valdía Nils Årud

JOB TITLE JOB TITLE JOB TITLE JOB TITLE
Blue is the colour of the clear Blue is the colour of the clear Blue is the colour of the clear Blue is the colour of the clear
sky and the deep sea sky and the deep sea sky and the deep sea sky and the deep sea

54
 Competitor Matrix
HIGH VALUE 2

Competitor
Compet
itor
Our company

Competitor

HIGH VALUE 1
LOW VALUE 1

Competitor

Competitor Competitor

LOW VALUE 2
55
Weekly Planner
SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY

09:00 - 09:45 Task Task Task Task Task Task Task

10:00 - 10:45 Task Task Task Task Task Task Task

11:00 - 11:45 Task Task Task Task Task Task Task

12:00 - 13:15 ✔ Free time ✔ Free time ✔ Free time ✔ Free time ✔ Free time ✔ Free time ✔ Free time

13:30 - 14:15 Task Task Task Task Task Task Task

14:30 - 15:15 Task Task Task Task Task Task Task

15:30 - 16:15 Task Task Task Task Task Task Task

56
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