NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTUR
Cluster Chair: AR. KAOLYNE GRACE C. HILARIO
Cluster Heads
AR. EMMARIE ROSE V. CRUZ
AR. ANNIE C. PUGEDA
Cluster Members
Ar. Juan Miguel domingo
AR. RYAN MARTIN DE GUZMAN
AR. ALPHER E. DE VERA
AR. GENE LAMBERT R. GIRON
AR. KAOLYNE GRACE C. HILARIO
AR. ANNIE C. PUGEDA
ABUTLI1S: Building Utilities
1
 Module Goal:

To introduce the principles and practices in plumbing

and sanitary systems- its design, installation, operation
and maintenance in buildings in relation to the
immediate surroundings or environment.
 PLUMBING CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES
DEFINITION OF TERMS

LEARNING OUTCOMES
• Understand the 22 basic principles and plumbing
terms of the National Plumbing Code of the
Philippines (NPCP)
•NPCP – Basic Principles
• NPCP Chapter 2 - Definitions
 PLUMBING TERMS (NPCP)
PLUMBING – the art and technique of
installing in building the pipes, fixtures,
and other apparatuses for bringing in the
water supply, liquids, substances and/or
ingredients and removing them and
such, water, liquid, and other carried
wastes affecting health and sanitation
and hazardous to life and property, also
the pipes and fixtures after they have
been installed, i.e. the plumbing system
 PLUMBING TERMS (NPCP)
PLUMBING SYSTEM - water supply, liquids, water,
liquid, and other carried wastes; the fixture and fixture
traps; the soil, waste, and vent pipes; the house drain,
the foundation drain, the house sewer; the storm water
drainage, devices, appurtenances

PLUMBING FIXTURES - a receptacle which water or

water wastes may be collected

PLUMBING APPLIANCE - special class of device or

equipment

PLUMBING APPURTENANCES - manufactured

device/prefabricated assembly; on-the-job assembly of
component parts, adjunct to the basic piping system and
plumbing fixtures
 History of Plumbing
• Archaeologists discovered copper water pipes in the palace
ruins of the Indus River Valley in India. (4,000 to 3,000 B.C.)

• Egyptians developed copper pipes used to build elaborate

bathrooms inside the pyramids and intricate irrigation and
sewages systems. (2500 B.C.)

• Rainwater cisterns were developed on the island of Crete

for storage of rainwater for drinking, washing, bathing and
cooking uses. (1500 B.C.)

• Archeologists discovered the remains of an ancient plumbing

system (at least 3,000 years old) on the island of Crete at the
site of an ancient palace of Knossos (ancient plumbing
system included a bathtub made out of hard pottery that
looked similar to the shape of a cast-iron bathtub of  late 19th-
Century America and evidence of a water closet with a seat
and crude flushing device. (1000 B.C.)
 History of Plumbing
• The Romans were some of the most advanced in ancient
plumbing systems. Out of the Roman Empire aqueducts were
developed as well as underground sewer systems, public and
private baths, lead and bronze water piping systems, and marble
fixtures with gold and silver fittings. The Romans utilized lead
pipes, which at the time made vast improvements in sanitary
conditions. (500 B.C. to A.D. 455)

• For the first time, iron pipe was installed in Siegerland, Germany.
German craftsmen had learned how to build fires hot enough to
melt iron and pour it into castings to make hollow pipe. (1455)

• Sir John Harington, godson to Queen Elizabeth, invented the first

flushing water closet. (1596)

• In Versailles, France, King Louis XIV ordered construction of a

cast-iron main plumbing line.
 DEFINITION OF GENERAL TERMS - NPCP

ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY - administer /enforce

NPCP
PLUMBING OFFICIAL - Administrative Authority
MASTER PLUMBER - Registered and Licensed Master
Plumber (RLMP)
 DEFINITION OF GENERAL TERMS - NPCP
BUILDING - structure built
FLOOR AREA - exclusive of vent shafts and
courts
STOREY - that portion between the upper
surface of any floor and upper surface of floor
next above
HEIGHT OF BUILDING - from “Grade Line”
to highest point of coping

HEIGHT – 3.00 meters floor to floor

FLOOR TO CEILING HEIGHT (PASSIVE COOLING) – 2.70
meters
FLOOR TO CEILING HEIGHT (ACTIVE
COOLING) – 2.40 meters
 DEFINITION OF GENERAL TERMS - NPCP

COMMON - installed to serve more than 1 appliance, fixture, building or system

 DEFINITION OF GENERAL TERMS - NPCP

COMBUSTIBLE CONSTRUCTION - burn at temperature of

756ºC or less
CONFINED SPACE - having a volume less than 1.4 cu.m
UNCONFINED SPACE - having a volume equal to at
least 1.4 cu.m of aggregate input rating of fuel-burning appliance

UTILITARIAN SPACES incorporated in building spaces

Gross Floor Area (GFA)/Non Gross Floor Area (Non GFA)
 DEFINITION OF GENERAL TERMS - NPCP
UTILITARIAN SPACES incorporated in building spaces
Gross Floor Area (GFA)
Non Gross Floor Area (Non GFA)
Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA)

CHASE - vertical shaft (pipe stacks)

COURT - open, unoccupied space
SHAFT - vertical opening (elevators,
dumbwaiter; air well)
 PLUMBING SYSTEM
WATER SUPPLY LAYOUT
COLD WATER LINE LAYOUT (CWL)
HOT WATER LINE LAYOUT (HWL)

DRAINAGE SYSTEM
SANITARY DRAINAGE LAYOUT
STORM DRAINAGE LAYOUT

ROUGHING-IN - plumbing work before the

settling of the fixtures, or finishing
 PLUMBING SYSTEM
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & PLUMBING
DESIGN

• 3 ZONES OF A HOUSE
1. ACTIVE ZONE (Living, Dining)
2. QUIET/PRIVATE ZONE (Bedroom)
3. SERVICE ZONE (Carport, Kitchen,Common
T&B, Maid’s Room, Laundry/Drying Area)

• ORIENTATION
1. ACTIVE ZONE (East, Southeast, South)
2. QUIET/PRIVATE ZONE (North, Northeast, East)
3. SERVICE ZONE (South, Southwest, WEST)
REFERENCES
NATIONAL PLUMBING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
ILLUSTRATIONS (FROM GOOGLE)