Construction and midpoints

Session
10

Grade: 7
Subject: Mathematics 0862
Unit 8.6 Angles and construction
BISECT
 UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCE
Perpendicular
Perpendicular means two
line segments, rays, lines
or any combination of
those that meet at right
angles. A line is
perpendicular if it
intersects another line
and creates right angles.
Bisector
A bisector is an object (a
line, a ray, or line segment)
that cuts another object (an
angle, a line segment) into
two equal parts. A bisector
cannot bisect a line,
because by definition a line
is infinite.
Perpendicular bisector
Putting the two meanings
together, we get the
concept of a
perpendicular bisector, a
line, ray or line segment
that bisects an angle or
line segment at a right
angle.
 PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR

A perpendicular bisector is a line that bisects another line segment

at a right angle, through the intersection point.
A perpendicular bisector always divides a line segment through its
midpoint.
The term bisect itself means dividing equally or uniformly.
 PROPERTIES OF A PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR

A PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR

● It divides AB into two equal halves or bisects it.

● It makes right angles with (or is perpendicular to) AB.

● Every point in the perpendicular bisector is equidistant from point A and B.

PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR
 CONSTRUCTION OF PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR

Use a ruler and a pair of compasses to construct perpendicular bisector of an 6 cm line

segment.

Step 1 :Draw the line segment AB of 6 cm with help of ruler. N

G
th
re
Step 2: Mark two points A and B on the segment . fig
m
se
A
Step 3: Take a length for more than half of the segment on the compass.

Step 4: With A as a centre draw an arc above and below the segment.
 CONSTRUCTION OF PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR

Contd…

Step 5: With B as a centre draw an arc above and below the segment such that arcs

cross each other.

Step 6: Draw a straight line from the arcs to the horizontal line segment. Here we see a

90° angle been formed. Label it as C.

Step 7: Measure AC and CA. We find it is half of AB ie. 3 cm

Step 8: Point C is the midpoint

 Construct a perpendicular bisector for a line segment of length 6.4 cm.

Step 1

Use a ruler and draw a line segment of the given measure.

V 6.4 cm K

Step 2

With V the as the center and radius more than half

of the given segment, draw arcs on each side of the
segment.
 Step 3 Step 4

Without changing the radius and with K Join WE.

as the center, draw arcs such that they
intersect the previously drawn arcs. Let
these points be W and E. W

V 6.4 cm K
3.2 cm 3.2 cm
E
 ? VERIFICATION

Final representation of the construction diagram.

HINT
To verify the construction, check whether:
Length of VP = 3.2 cm = Length of PK
Midpoint W

P
V 6.4 cm K

3.2 cm 3.2 cm

E
 RELATE THE MIDPOINT

Mid point = the length of line segment

Length of line segment = 2 x Midpoint

 LET US FIND

Question 1: Determine the midpoint of a line segment with a length of 16 units.

Solution:
Mid point = the length of line segment

=8

The midpoint of a line segment with length 16 cm is 8 cm.

 MATCH MY PAIR

10 cm 8.4 cm 5.6 m 12 m 22.2 cm

11.1
a
cm 5 cm 6m 4.2 cmc 2.8 m
 MATCH MY PAIR

10 cm 8.4 cm 5.6 m 12 m 22.2 cm

5 cm 4.2 cm 2.8 m 6m 11.1 cm

 LET US FIND

Question 2: If the mid point of the length segment is at 4.5 m. Determine the length of the line segment.
Solution:
Mid point = the length of line segment

4.5 m = x length of line segment

length of line segment = 2 x 4.5 m = 9 m

 MATCH MY PAIR

10 cm 8.4 cm 5.6 m 12 m 22.2 cm

44.4
a
cm 20 cm 24 m 16.8 cm
c
11.2 m
 MATCH MY PAIR

10 cm 8.4 cm 5.6 m 12 m 22.2 cm

20 cm 16.8 cm 11.2 m 24 m 44.4 cm

 CREATE

Construct perpendicular bisectors of an equilateral triangle having sides 7 cm each.

 CREATE

The three perpendicular bisectors of an equilateral triangle meet at a single point inside the triangle
 INDEPENDENT WORK

https://www.mathspad.co.uk/i2/construct.php
 Poll

❏ I can construct perpendicular bisector of a line segment YES NO

 PRACTICE WORK

Use a ruler and a pair of compasses to construct the perpendicular bisector in your notebook.

a) Draw a line segment of 7 cm. Construct a perpendicular bisector on it.

b) Draw a line segment of 6.8 cm. Construct a perpendicular bisector on it.

c) Y is the perpendicular bisector of segment AB. If the length of AX is 3.6cm,

what is the length of segment AB?