🏊 SWIMMING

HISTORY, TECHNIQUES, EQUIPMENT & FACILITIES AND

OFFICIALS IN SWIMMING
GROUP 1: DANIELLA, NADIA, UCHE, CIVIRTER, GREAT & TAMILORE
 HISTORY OF
SWIMMING 🏊
AT AN EARLY STAGE OF HUMANITY , THE
ART OF SWIMMING WAS VERY VITAL WHEN
IT CAME TO SCAVENGING FOR FOOD TO
EAT WHICH INCLUDE FISHING, GETTING TO
THE OTHER SIDE OF THE RIVER ETC. BUT
AS TIME WENT ON IT BECAME A SPORT.

HISTORY OF SWIMMING IN NIGERIA

THE COMPETITIVE ASPECT OF SWIMMING

CAME INTO EXISTENCE DURING THE 19TH
CENTURY AND WAS LATER INTRODUCED IN
NIGERIA AS ONE OF THE MOST POPULAR
OLYMPIC SPORTS. THE BODY THAT
CONTROLS SWIMMING IN NIGERIA IS THE
NIGERIA AQUATICS FEDERATION (NAQF).
WHILE THE DETAILS OF THE SWIMMING POOL'S ANCIENT ORIGINS REMAIN FOGGY, ONE
THING THAT HISTORIANS GENERALLY AGREE UPON IS WHO INVENTED THE SWIMMING
POOL. GAIUS MAECENAS, A WEALTHY ROMAN LORD AND PATRON OF THE ARTS, BUILT
WHAT IS CONSIDERED TO BE THE FIRST HEATED SWIMMING POOL IN THE FIRST
CENTURY B.C.

HITORY OF SWIMMING POOL

THE ANCIENT GREEKS WERE THE FIRST TO CREATE RECREATIONAL SWIMMING POOLS.
FROM 800 B.C TO 600 B.C ., GREECE ECONOMY GREW, FREEING UP MORE TIME AND
MONEY TO ESTABLISH LEISURE CENTERS OR “PALAESTRAE”, OPEN-AIR GYMNASIUMS.
PALAESTRAE ARE, WERE SWIMMING AS A FITNESS AND SOCIAL ACTIVITY TOOK OFF
 TECHNIQUES IN
SWIMMING
THE DIFFERENT KINDS
OF TECHNIQUES FOR
SWIMMING INCLUDE:
. BREASTSTROKE: THIS IS
PERFORMED FACE DOWN
WITHOUT ROTATING THE TORSO.
IT IS POSSIBLE TO KEEP HEAD
OVER WATER THROUGHOUT THE
PERIOD.
 BUTTERFLY
STROKE
IT IS AN EVOLUTION OF
BREASTSTROKE. IT IS SAID TO
HAVE BEEN INVENTED BY A
GERMAN . RADEMACHER IN 1926
AND IMPROVED UPON BY HENRY
MEYER, AN AMERICAN AND
EVENTUALLY ACCEPTED IN
COMPETITIONS IN 1993. IT IS
PERFORMED FACED DOWN IN
WATER. THERE IS THE USE OF
DOLPHIN KICK AND MOVEMENT
OF THE ARMS IN A FORWARD
CIRCLE AT THE SAME TIME.
 SIDESTROKE
THIS IS A SWIM STROKE SWUM ON
THE SIDES. IT IS NOT USED IN
COMPETITIONS AND THEREFORE
LESS KNOWN NOWADAYS.
BECAUSE IT IS SWUM ON THE
SIDE AND USES UNEQUAL
MOVEMENTS OF THE LIMBS, IT
CAN LOOK FAMILIAR THE FIRST
TIME YOU SEE IT.
 BACKSTROKE
THIS IS ONE OF THE FOUR
SWIMMING STYLES REGULATED
BY INTERNATIONAL SWIMMING
FEDERATION (FINA), AND THE
ONLY REGULATED STYLE SWUM
ON THE BACK. IT IS A SWIMMING
STROKE POPULAR BOTH FOR
EXERCISE AND COMPETITIONS.
 CRAWL/
FREESTYLE
THIS IS A CATEGORY OF
SWIMMING COMPETITION,
DEFINED BY THE RULES OF
INTERNATIONAL SWIMMING
FEDERATION (FINA), IN WHICH
COMPETITORS ARE SUBJECT TO
ONLY LIMITED RESTRICTIONS ON
THEIR SWIMMING STROKE. IN
OTHER WORDS, THEY HAVE
FREEDOM WITH RESPECT TO
THEIR SWIMMING STYLE.
 OFFICIALS IN
SWIMMING

-THE REFEREE
-THE STARTER
-THE TIMEKEEPERS
-THE INSPECTORS OF TURNS
-THE FINISHING JUDGES
-THE STROKE JUDGES
-THE LIFE GUARD
-THE ANNOUNCER
-THE RECORDER
 LIFE SAVING
STROKES They include :
• Sidestroke
• Head-up Front Crawl- Like front crawl, but the eyes are in
THESE ARE ALL SWIMMING front above the water level, so as to observe the
surroundings as like a swimmer in distress.
TECHNIQUES AND SKILLS THAT
• Pushing Rescue Stroke- This stroke helps in assisting a
ARE ADAPTED TO SAVE OR tired swimmer. The tired swimmer lies on the back and
RESCUE A SWIMMER WHO IS the rescuer swims a breaststroke kicking and pushing
DROWNING OR IN DISTRESS. against the soles of the tired swimmer.
• Extended Arm Tow- This is used for an unconscious
victim. It is the process of swimming sidestroke or
breaststroke while on their back. The rescuer holds the
head of the casualty with a straight arm, the hand cupping
underneath the chin, and ensures that the mouth and nose
are out of water.
• Arm Tow- The rescuer swims sidestroke behind the
casualty holding the upper right arm with his/her hand,
lifting the casualty out of water.
• Treading Water- the swimmer is in the water with headup
and feet down, using different kicks and movements to
stay afloat. It is useful to keep the head out of water for
better view or to catch an object as in water polo.
 SWIMMING EQUIPMENT
& MATERIALS
-SWIMSUITS -EARPLUGS
-SWIMMING CAPS -FLIPPERS
-STARTING BLOCKS
-KICK BOARD
-SWIM BENCH
-SWIMMING POOL: ITS DIMENSIONS-
i. LENGTH -50M
ii. WIDTH- 21M MINIMUM
iii. DEPTH- 2.OM MINIMUM
iv. NUMBER OF LANES- 8
v. WATER TEMPERATURE-(25*-
28*)CELSIUS
 LIFESAVING
DEVICES
• SWIMMING
GOGGLES
• LIFE JACKET
• FLOATS OR LIFEBUOY
• ARM FLOATS
• WHISTLE
• DISTRESS FLARE
ANY QUESTIONS?
THE
END