Literary Elements

21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson students should be
able to:

1. ) explain the forms of literary elements;

2.)recognize literary elements;
3.)create a short analysis.
SETTING
It includes descriptions
of the customs,
clothing, scenery,
weather, geography,
buildings, rooms,
furniture, and means of
transportation.
SETTING
SETTING
SETTING
SETTING
 SETTING
Answers the question of:

• Where did it happen?

• When did it happen?
• What’s the social
climax?
CHARACTER

It refers to a person or
animal who takes part in
the action of a work of
literature. The thoughts
and actions of characters
important to the
development of the story.
CHARACTER

Protagonist
• This is the main
character, around
which the whole
story revolves.
 CHARACTER
Antagonist
• This character, or
group of characters,
causes the conflict
for the protagonist.
CHARACTER
Foil
• Character that has
opposite character
traits from another,
meant to help highlight
or bring out another’s
positive or negative
side.
CHARACTER
Static/ Flat
• Do not change
throughout the story.
Their use may simply
be to create or relieve
tension, or they were
not meant to change.
CHARACTER
Dynamic/Round
• Characters who change
throughout the story.
They may learn a
lesson, become bad, or
change in complex
ways.
CHARACTER
Stock
• These are the
stereotypical
characters, such as the
boy genius, ambitious
career person, faithful
sidekick, mad
scientist, etc.
PLOT
Linear Plot
• The linear plot
(sometimes is also
called dramatic or
progressive plot)
presents action or
occurrences
chronologically.
 PLOT
Circular Plot
• the story merges with
an interruption in the
chronological order to
show an event that
happened in the past.
PLOT

En Medias Res

• The story commences

in the middle part of
the action
 PLOT

Other types

• Episodic Plot
• Parallel Plot
• Flashback Plot
CONFLICT
• The struggle between
two people or things in
a short story. The main
character is usually on
one side central
conflict.
CONFLICT
Types of Conflict

External Confict
• Struggle with a force
outside one’s self.
CONFLICT
Types of Conflict

Internal Confict
• Refers to conflict with
one’s self.
CONFLICT

Types of Conflict
POINT OF
VIEW

• It refers to how the

narrator tells the story.
POINT OF
VIEW
First- Person
• The main character is
telling the story.
POINT OF
VIEW
Second-Person
• The author or narrator
is telling the story to
YOU, the reader.
 POINT OF
VIEW
Third-Person, Objective
• The narrator is an
outsider who can only
report what he sees
hears.
POINT OF
VIEW
Third-Person, Limited
• The narrator is an
outsider who can see
into the mind of only
one character.
 POINT OF
VIEW
Third-Person,
Omniscient
• The narrator is an
outsider who seems all
knowing, capable of
looking into the minds
of all characters.
 THEME

• It refers to the
controlling idea of the
story
LESSON

• It refers to the insights

that readers can pick
from the story.