INTRODUCTION TO

MACHINE CYCLE
 MACHINE CYCLE

Each time the CPU executes

an instruction, it takes a
series of steps. The
complete series of steps is
called a machine cycle.
 STAGES OF THE MACHINE CYCLE

The series of steps that are carried

out during the Machine Cycle are the:
1. Fetch Stage
2. Decode Stage
3. Execution Stage
4. Storing
 FETCH STAGE

In the Fetch Stage, the

Control Unit takes the
instruction that is store in
the Main Memory.
 DECODE STAGE

In the Decode Stage, the

Control Unit translates the
instruction into machine
language or binary code.
 EXECUTION STAGE

In the execution stage, the

Control Unit or Arithmetic
Logic Unit then performs (carry
out) the instruction from the
decode stage.
 STORING

The Control Unit or

Arithmetic Logic Unit then
place the result from the
execution stage into
memory .
DIAGRAM OF THE MACHINE CYCLE
 INSTRUCTION TIME (I-TIME)

The instruction time is the

time it takes the Control
Unit to fetch (get) and
decode (translate) the
instruction from memory.
 EXECUTION TIME (E-TIME)

The execution time is the

time it takes the instruction
to be performed (execute)
and the result placed in
memory.
DIAGRAM SHOWING THE RELATION
BETWEEN INSTRUCTION TIME AND
EXECUTION TIME
 HOME WORK – COMPLETE THIS
ASSESSMENT

Which part of the Central Processing Unit is

responsible for the following:

A. Fetch X
B. Fetch Y
C. Check if X is greater than Y
D. Add X and Y and store the result in Z