CONSTRUCTION OCCUPATIONAL

SAFETY AND HEALTH

 TOPICS
1) Importance of Construction Safety and Health
2) What are Unsafe Acts and Unsafe Condition
1) Accident
2) Hazards
3) System Control
4) Job-Hazard Analysis
5) Construction Safety & Health Program
 IMPORTANCE OF
CONSTRUCTION
SAFETY AND HEALTH
 International Labour Organization At l
Report 98% - preventable
con east 6
stru 0,0
ctio 00 f
n si atal
With a highly mobile population of
 270 Million accidents reported 1 fa
tal a
ccid
tes, ities
eve arou occu
 350,000 of which are fatal
workers 88% - unsafe
and different contractors / unhealthy Aro
und
17
ent
occ
ry y
e ar
nd t r at
he w
eve % o urs orld
 160 Million work-related illnesses /
ACTS ry 6 f a l ever ,
working on dangerous
diseases reported
construction
10% - unsafe/unhealthy
e ar
) ar l
e co fataliti
nstr es a
y 10
min
r y y cur ucti t wo utes
sites at the same time,
v e o c
D I Ee liti es on f rk (
a
0 0 wo r ke rs
0 wo r k fat
CONDITIONS ata 1
litie in
s
CONSTRUCTION continues to be a
0,0 0,0 0
2 ,0 0 1 0
 t h an h yday ork
re t e r w
Mo ry mon 000 ev d by

major cause of death and

 eve 5, kille

2%
a n re
re th te r e na
d
- non-preventable
m o in u c hil
 y m 0
er ,00

4 ev
h y
Eac dents!
 acci
e ar, 2
disabilities.
2
 Month of
Type of Worker
Occurrence

Time of
Accident
 Indirect Cost of Accidents
I Direct 1 Injured Workers
T Costs  Lesser productivity due to interruption on day of injury
C  Loss in efficiency
H  Loss of income
E 2 Other Employees
E
 loss productivity due to:
B
O  work stoppage out of curiosity
 when assisting injured worker
E
R  due to inspection
 Loss in efficiency out of sympathy to the injured
R
Y Indirect
 Additional cost due to completion of added work
G 3. Supervisors
Costs  lost productivity :
 when assisting the injured
Direct Cost of Accidents  due to accident investigation
 in preparing reports
• Medical Expenses  during inspection
• Equipment Damage 4. Replacement worker
• Wasted Raw Materials  hiring or training
5. Equipment
• Insurance Premiums
 downtime
• Litigation Expenses
 UNSAFE ACTS –
UNSAFE CONDITIONS
 W H AT I S A N
A C C I D E N T ?Hazar
An occurrence or  damage
Using this
formula
We can d + Ex
event posur
that is: eliminate/avoid
 injury
e = Acc
ident
- unexpected, /minimized or Illnes
- unforeseen,  loss or s
- unplanned and accident
death
- unwanted
Direct contact -
injury
ard s
SOURCE h az
ety

H A ZA R DS Saf
Healt
h haz
Expo
su
- illn re
ards ess

8
 Environmental Hazards
in Construction

Physical
Chemical Noise
Organic Solvent Illumination
Heavy metals Vibration
Gases Pressure
Acids Temperature
Dusts Ventilation

Biological Social Lost of income

Virus Unproductive
Bacteria Ergonomics Improper positioning
Discouraged
Fungi Inferiority
(Fit the task to the worker) Improper lifting isolation
Enzymes 9
Repeated Motion
Awkward position
Factors Contributing to Unsafe Acts

• Improper Attitude
• Physical Limitations
• Lack of Knowledge

or Skills

10
Examples of Unsafe Acts (Improper Attitude)
• Operating Equipment without authority
• Disregard of SOP or instructions
• Removing Safety Devices
• Using Defective equipment
• Improper/Non-use of PPEs
• Horseplaying
• Willful intent to injure
• Working while under the influence
• of alcohol or drugs
11
Physical Limitations
• Defective eyesight
• Muscular weakness due to fatigue
• Impaired hearing
• Short in Height
• Too tall in height
• Slow reactions

Slide 12
Lack of Knowledge or Skill
• Failure to understand instruction
• Unaware of safe practices
• Unconvinced of safe practices
• Unskilled or unpracticed

Slide 13
 Examples of Unsafe Conditions
• Inadequate guards/protection
• Defective tools, equipment
• Congestion
• Inadequate warning systems
• Fire and explosion hazards
• Slippery floors
• Hazardous atmospheric condition
• Excessive noise
• Radiation exposure
• Inadequate illumination/ ventilation
14
System of Controls
source
• PRE-CONTACT
• Engineering Control:
• Elimination
• Minimization
• Enclosure of the Hazard
path receiver
• Administrative Control : • Point of contact:
• Exposure time limitations, • Personal Protective
Safe work practices Equipment
• Signs and signage, Training
and Education
• Exposure time limitations,
Safe work practices
• Signs and signage, Training Slide 15
and Education
 ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS
DIMENSION 3-Panel
SIGNBOARDS COLOR CODE
S  L^2/2000
Where: Signal Word SAFETY RED DANGER
S & L= expressed in  Message SAFETY GREEN SAFETY
the same unit of
measurement
S = Area of Safety
 Symbol SAFETY WHITE TRAFFIC
Sign SAFETY YELLOW CAUTION
L = Distance of SAFETY ORANGE ALERT
Observation
TOOLBOX Meeting SAFETY BLUE PRECAUTION
Good Housekeeping SAFETY PURPLE RADIATION
ENGINEERING CONTROLS Adherence to
construction
methodology
Use of tubular or H- standards
frame as scaffolds
for above 6m height.
Shoring
requirement to
above 1m depth
excavation

Use of guardrails Use of fall arrest

of 1m & a toe system for above
Appropriateness of board of 0.15m. 10m height
tools and
equipment used.
 Prevention of Soil Collapse
 Cut the slope at a safe angle (H:V)

• Type A - 3/4:1 or 53°

• Type B - 1:1 or 45°

• Type C - 1½ :1 or 34°
h
19
 Ingress and Egress
(Ladder)
5 0 fe et (m ax )

h
20
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
1. Safety Helmets
2. Harnesses and Lanyards
3. Safety Shoes/Boots
4. Construction Gloves “always the last
5. Respirators/Dust Mask line of defense”
6. Eye Goggles
7. Hearing Protectors
 JOB-HAZARD ANALYSIS (sample)
Scope Specific Task Potential hazard Corrective measures

1. Site works - Excavation for footing Open pit - Falling Barricade & warning signs installation

2. Reinforcing Bar - Bar cutting/bending Steel bars - Cut & Wearing of leather gloves, good
Fabrication & bruise housekeeping, safety helmet, and caution
Installation signs

3. Concrete Works - Concrete mixing Cement, aggregate - Wearing of dust-mask, safety gloves &
Dust exposure construction boots
4. Formworks & - Installation of forms Tools, lumber - Cut Conditioned tools, wearing of leather gloves
Scaffoldings & bruise, bump & safety helmet.
5. Masonry Works - Placing of CHB Handling – Caution sign installation & proper
Ergonomic posture/handling, wearing of construction
gloves, mask & helmet

6. Roofing Works - GI Sheet covering Elevated Wearing of Full Body Harness, safety gloves,
-Falling/sliding, safety shoes.
bruise/cut
 Construction Safety & Health Program
1. Statement of Commitment to Comply with 12. Construction Workers Skills Certification
OSH Requirements 13. Testing & Inspection of Construction Heavy
2. Safety Policy Equipment
3. Project Details 14. Control Measures on Construction Activities
4. Construction Safety Committee & Duties 15. First-Aid, health Care medicines and
5. Emergency Occupational Health Personnel Equipment Facilities
and Facilities 16. Workers Welfare Facilities
6. Safety & Health Promotion & Education. 17. Medical Surveillance
7. Toolbox Meeting 18. Working Hour & Break Time
8. Accident/Incident/Illness Investigation & 19. Construction Waste Disposal
Reporting 20. Emergency Preparedness
9. Personal Protective Equipment 21. Penalties/Sanctions CSHP
10. Protection of the General Public 22. Attachments
11. Safety Signage
• Your safety is your personal responsibility.
• Always follow the correct procedures.
• Never take shortcuts.
• Take responsibility and clean up if you made a mess.
Safety
• Clean and organize your workspace.
• Ensure a clear and easy route to emergency exits and equipment.
• Be alert and awake on the job.
tips
• Be attentive at all times to your work surroundings.
• When in doubt, contact your supervisor or manager for instruction, guidance, or training.
• Never take risks when it comes to safety.
• Obey safety signs, stickers, and tags.
• Take short breaks when you keep up a repetitive motion for a long period of time, and sit,
stand, or walk with good posture.
• Report serious injuries immediately to a supervisor and get emergency assistance.
• Keep things in perspective. Hazards may be limitless, so focus on the most likely risks first.
 “If we FAIL to plan,we
“What isnot plan to fail”
written cannot
be done”

THANK YOU!!!