Practical Research II

Lesson III : Kinds of

Quantitative Research
 In writing your quantitative research, one
must identify the appropriate design need
to utilize for the study, a researcher must have
a prior knowledge to determine each types and
know what problem that can lead to use a
particular method.
 KINDS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

Experimental Research is a quantitative research that treats or

deals with the object or subject of the research in a definite or
exact manner and it determines the extent of the effect or
influence of the treatment on the object or subject, then
discovers the causes of such effect. It involves an
experimentation to test the impact of the independent variable
to the dependent variable. Research variable is given a special
name that only applies to experimental and correlational
investigations.
 TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN

True Experimental Research

It relies on statistical analysis to prove or disprove a hypothesis,

making it the most accurate form of research. Of the types of
experimental design, only true design can establish a cause-effect
relationship within a group. In a true experiment, three factors need to
be satisfied:
 There is a Control Group, which won’t be subject to changes, and
an Experimental Group, which will experience the changed
variables.
 A variable that can be manipulated by the researcher
 Random distribution
 TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
Pre Experimental Research Design

A group, or various groups, are kept under observation after

implementing cause and effect factors. You’ll conduct this
research to understand whether further investigation is
necessary for these particular groups. You can break down pre-
experimental research further in three types:

• One-shot Case Study Research Design

• One-group Pretest-posttest Research Design
• Static-group Comparison
 TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
Pre Experimental Research Design

A group, or various groups, are kept under observation after

implementing cause and effect factors. You’ll conduct this
research to understand whether further investigation is
necessary for these particular groups. You can break down pre-
experimental research further in three types:

• One-shot Case Study Research Design

• One-group Pretest-posttest Research Design
• Static-group Comparison
 TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
Quasi Experimental Research Design

The word “Quasi” indicates similarity. A quasi-experimental

design is similar to an experimental one, but it is not the same.
The difference between the two is the assignment of a control
group. In this research, an independent variable is manipulated,
but the participants of a group are not randomly assigned.
Quasi-research is used in field settings where random
assignment is either irrelevant or not required.
 IMPORTANCE OF EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH DESIGN

Experimental research is a powerful tool for

understanding cause-and-effect relationships. It allows
us to manipulate variables and observe the effects,
which is crucial for understanding how different factors
influence the outcome of a study.
 IMPORTANCE OF EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH DESIGN

For example, this research is essential for developing

new drugs and medical treatments. Researchers can
understand how a new drug works by manipulating
dosage and administration variables and identifying
potential side effects.
 IMPORTANCE OF EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH DESIGN

Similarly, experimental research is used in the field of

psychology to test theories and understand human
behavior. By manipulating variables such as stimuli,
researchers can gain insights into how the brain works
and identify new treatment options for mental health
disorders.
 IMPORTANCE OF EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH DESIGN

It is also widely used in the field of education. It allows

educators to test new teaching methods and identify
what works best. By manipulating variables such as class
size, teaching style, and curriculum, researchers can
understand how students learn and identify new ways
to improve educational outcomes.
 IMPORTANCE OF EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH DESIGN

In addition, experimental research is a powerful tool for

businesses and organizations. By manipulating variables
such as marketing strategies, product design, and
customer service, companies can understand what
works best and identify new opportunities for growth..
 KINDS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

Non-Experimental Research is research that lacks the

manipulation of an independent variable, random assignment of
participants to conditions or orders of conditions, or both. The
three (3) types of non-experimental research design are :
descriptive, correlational, and comparative.
 TYPES OF NON-EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH DESIGN
 Descriptive Research Design - also referred as Survey
Research that can be used to get more details and tries to
find, to describe the existing status of a variable or
phenomenon. It should be applied to give a detailed
description of the phenomenon or some factor at the
moment. When the data is finally gathered, only after that
the researchers start to develop a hypothesis. Or the
researcher does not start with a hypothesis, but naturally
develops one after the data is collected. Data collection is
mostly observational in natural situation.
 Sample problems and/or research questions that
can lead to descriptive research are:

 Business and Market researchers that want to observe habits

and traits of consumers or brand users.

 Organization, company and a business industry that wants to

assess the mental state and status of its staff.
 Sample problems and/or research questions that
can lead to descriptive research are:

 A school governance or division office that wants to

understand if students will access online lessons rather than
textbooks, different learning modalities in time of
emergencies like Pandemic.

 An educational institution to understand if its intervention

and innovations or programs that increase the overall
academic performance of the students.
 TYPES OF NON-EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH DESIGN
 Correlational Design - explores the relationship between
variables using statistical evaluation and use to receive more
statistical data. This design will study the relationships between
the different variable factors through the statistical data
processing. If to speak about the information collection, then this
type is intended for observations without the exploration of cause
and effect. The researcher measures two variables, understands and
assesses the statistical relationship between them with no influence
from any extraneous variable.
 Sample problems and/or research questions that
can lead to correlational research are:

 The amount of money a person has might positively correlate

with the number of most number of assets and companies he
has.

 The level of being educated might negatively correlate with

poverty when an increase in one variable leads to a decrease
in another and vice versa.
 Sample problems and/or research questions that
can lead to correlational research are:

 The amount of money a person has might positively correlate

with the number of most number of assets and companies he
has.

 The level of being educated might negatively correlate with

poverty when an increase in one variable leads to a decrease
in another and vice versa.
 TYPES OF NON-EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH DESIGN

 Comparative Research Design the researcher examines the

differences between two or more groups on the phenomenon
that is being studied. For example, studying gender difference
in learning mathematics is a comparative research.
The choice between the experimental and non-experimental
approaches is generally dictated by the nature of the research
question. If it is about a causal relationship and involves an
independent variable that can be manipulated, the experimental
approach is typically preferred. Otherwise, the non-experimental
approach is preferred.
TASK III : ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN PARAGRAPH FORMS.

1. State the difference of experimental and non-experimental

research?
2. Specify the types of experimental research and non-
experimental research design and explain each.