DIFFERENTIATION OF

TRIGONOMETRIC
FUNCTIONS
OBJECTIVES:
• differentiate functions involving trigonometric
functions;
• solve problems involving differentiation of
trigonometric functions; and
• apply trigonometric identities to simplify the
functions.
 TRANSCENDENTAL FUNCTIONS
Kinds of transcendental functions:
1.logarithmic and exponential functions
2.trigonometric and inverse trigonometric
functions
3.hyperbolic and inverse hyperbolic functions
 Note:
Each pair of functions above is an inverse to
each other.
 The TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
.
Re call :
Trigonomet ric Identities
A. Re ciprocal Identities C . Double Angle Formulas
1 1 1. sin 2 x  2sinxcosx
1. sin x   csc x 
csc x sin x 2. cos 2 x  cos 2 x  sin 2 x
1 1
2. cos x   sec x   1  2 sin 2 x
sec x cos x
sin x 1  2 cos 2 x  1
3. tan x  
cos x cot x 2 tan x
3. tan 2 x 
cos x 1 1  tan 2 x
4. cot x  
sin x tan x
B. Sum and Difference of Two Angles D. Squared Identities
1. sinx  y   sin x cos y  cos x sin y 1. sin 2 x  cos 2 x  1
2. cosx  y   cos x cos y sin x sin y 2. 1  tan 2 x  sec 2 x
tan x  tan y 3. 1  cot 2 x  csc 2 x
3. tanx  y  
1 tan x tan y
 DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA
Derivative of Trigonometric Function
For the differentiation formulas of the trigonometric
functions, all you need to know is the differentiation
formulas of sin u and cos u. Using these formulas
and the differentiation formulas of the algebraic
functions, the differentiation formulas of the
remaining functions, that is, tan u, cot u, sec u and
csc u may be obtained.
Derivative of sin u where u  f x 
d
sin u   cos u du
dx dx
Derivative of cos u where u  f x 
d
cos u    sin u du
dx dx
Derivative of tan u where u  f x 
d d  sin x 
tan x    
dx dx  cos x 
U sin g derivative of quotient,
d d
d
cosx  sin x   sinx  cos x 
tan x   dx dx
dx cosx 2


cosx cosx   sinx  sin x 
cos 2 x
cos 2 x  sin 2 x 1
 2

cos x cos 2 x
d
tan x   sec 2 x
dx

d du
Therefore tan u  sec u
2

dx dx
Derivative of cot u where u  f x 
d d  1 
cot x    
dx dx  tan x 

U sin g derivative of quotient,

d
0  1 tan x 
d dx 0  1 sec 2 x
tan x   
dx tanx 2
tanx 2
1

 sec 2 x cos 2
x 1 2
 2
 2
 2
  csc x
tan x sin x sin x
cos 2 x
d
cot x   - csc 2 x
dx

d
Therefore cot u  - csc 2 u du
dx dx
Derivative of sec u where u  f x 
d d  1 
sec x    
dx dx  cos x 

U sin g derivative of quotient,

d
0  1 cos x 
d dx 0  1 sin x 
tan x   
dx cosx 2 cosx 2
 sin x sin x 1
 2
   tan x sec x
cos x cos x cos x

d
sec x   tan x sec x
dx

d
Therefore sec u  tan u sec u du
dx dx
Derivative of csc u where u  f x 
d
csc x   d  1 
dx dx  sin x 

U sin g derivative of quotient,

d
0  1 sin x  0  1cos x 
d dx
csc x   
dx sin x 2
sin x 2
 cos x  cos x 1
 2
    cot x csc x
sin x sin x sin x

d
csc x    cot x csc x
dx

d
Therefore csc u  - cot u csc u du
dx dx
SUMMARY:
If u is a differentiable function of x, then the
following are differentiation formulas of the
trigonometric functions

d d du
sin u   cos u du cot u    csc u
2
dx dx dx dx
d
d
cos u    sin u du sec u   tan u sec u du
dx dx dx dx
d
tan u   sec 2 u du d
csc u    cot u csc u du
dx dx dx dx
A. Find the derivative of each of the following
functions and simplify the result:

1. f x   2 sin 3 x 3. hx   cos 2 1  3 x 2 

f ' x   2cos 3 x 3  
hx   cos1  3 x 2  2

 6 cos 3 x h' x   2cos1  3 x  sin1  3 x  6 x 

2 2

 6 x2 cos1  3 x sin1  3 x 

2 2

2. g x   e sin x
from sin 2x  2sinxcosx
d 
h' x   6 x sin 2 1  3 x 2 
g' x   e sin x
sin x
dx
1
 e sin x
 cos x 
2 x
e sin x
 cos x x x e sin x
 cos x
g' x    
2 x x 2x
4. y  3 sin 4 x 3 cos 4 x 3

 
y'  3 sin 4 x 3  sin 4 x 3 12 x 2   cos 4 x 3 cos 4 x 3 12 x 2 

from cos 2x  cos 2 x  sin 2 x


y'  36 x 2 cos 24 x 3  
y'  36 x 2 cos 8 x 3
 x
5. f x   2 tan  x
2
 x  1 
f ' x   2 sec 2    1
 2  2 

x
f ' x   sec  1
2

x
f ' x   tan 2
2
 x
6. hx   log tan
3 1 x
1 x  1  x 1  x 1
h' x    log 3 e  sec 2  
tan
x 1 x  1  x 2 
1 x
x
cos
h' x  
log 3 e 1  x  x 
 1 x  1
1  x 2 sin
x
cos 2
x
1 x 1 x
log 3 e 1 2
h' x    
1  x 2 sin
x
cos
x 2
1 x 1 x

2 log 3 e 1
h' x   
1  x  2 sin
2
x
cos
x
1 x 1 x

2 log 3 e 1 2 log 3 e   2 x 
h' x     h' x   csc
1  x 2 sin 2 x 1  x   1  x 
2 

1 x
7. y  sec 2 x 
cos 2 x

Apply ln on both sides

ln y  lnsec 2 x 
cos 2 x

ln y  cos 2 x lnsec 2 x 
By logarithmic differentiation
1  1
 y'  cos 2 x  sec 2 x tan 2 x 2   lnsec 2 x  sin 2 x2 
y  sec 2 x 
1  2 sin 2 x 
 y'  cos 2 x    2 sin 2 x ln sec 2 x
y  cos 2 x 
 2 sin 2 x 1  ln sec 2 x 

y'  2 sin 2 x 1  ln sec 2 x  y

y'  2 sin 2 x 1  ln sec 2 x sec 2 x 

cos 2 x
 2 cot x
8. hx  
1  cot 2 x

h' x  
1  cot x 2 csc x1 2 cot x 2 cot x  csc x 1
2 2 2

1  cot x  2 2

2
h' x  
2 csc x
2 cot x  1  cot x
2 2

1  cot x 
2 2

2

2 csc x
cot x  12

csc x 
2 2

2cot x  1
2
 cos x  2
h' x    2 sin x  2
 1
 sin 2 x 
csc 2 x  
 cos 2 x  sin 2 x 
h' x   2 sin x 
2
2

 sin x 

h' x   2 cos 2 x
 
9. F x   csc x 3  1 

F ' x  
 cscx 3
  
 1 cot x 3  1 3 x 2
2 cscx  1
3

F' x   
3x 2
  
csc x 3  1 cot x 3  1   
csc x 3  1

2 csc x 3  1 
 3 2 

F' x    x cot x  1  csc x 3  1
3
  
 2 
EXERCISES:
Find the derivative and simplify the result.
1. hx   ln sin5  6. F x   sin x 
4 x3 tan x


2. f x   3 cos ln x 2  7. y  tanx  y 

sin 4 x cot 2 2 x
3 . g x   8. F x  
2  cos 4 x 1  x2
4. F x   2 cos x sin 2 x  2 sin 4 x cos 2 x 9. cot xy  xy  0
sin 3
5. y  10. sec 2 x  csc 2 y 0
1  3 cos x