ONLINE LESSON ( Secondary)

• Subject : Biology
• Grade: 9th
• Date:
• Unit: Coordination and response
• Key Learning Area: Nervous System(Co-ordination)
Objective of the lesson (LFQ) :
How Brain response to change in surrounding ?
Syllabus Covered during Lesson:
Autonomous: Regulation of involuntary body functions, such as heartbeat,
blood flow, breathing, and digestion.
Somatic: Responsible for movement of voluntary muscles
Neurons: A specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell.
Reflex: An action that is performed without conscious thought as a response
to a stimulus.
Conscious: aware of and responding to one's surroundings.
Unidirectional: moving or operating in a single direction.
 Responding to our environment
LIGHT TASTE
receptors in receptors in
the EYES the TONGUE

SOUND SMELL
receptors in receptors in
the EARS the NOSE

CHANGE OF TOUCH,
POSITION PRESSURE and
TEMPERATURE
receptors in receptors in
the EARS the SKIN
(balance)
 Responding to our environment
The pathway:

Stimulus Receptor Coordinator Effector Response

-
Change in Detect Central nervous Muscles Action
the system
environment
stimuli or glands taken

Hot pan Temperature Central nervous Muscles Hand

receptors in system
the skin
in arms pulled
away

Responses can be either conscious or

reflex
Controlling our internal environment
Controlled

Water Loss – lungs,

content sweating, urine
Gain - drinking

Ion content Increase –

(eg. sodium) shivering, shut
down capillaries
Decrease –
sweating, open
Temperature up capillaries
(37oC)
HOMEOSTASIS
Blood glucose = maintenance of a Increase - hormone
GLUCAGON
constant internal Decrease – hormone
environment INSULIN
 Human Nervous System
CNS PNS
-integration and command -consists of nerves
center
-connect to all other parts of body
Nervous System
•The human nervous system consists of the:
• central nervous system (CNS) – the brain and the spinal cord
• peripheral nervous system (PNS) – all of the nerves in the body

•It allows us to make sense of our surroundings and respond to them and
to coordinate and regulate body functions

•Information is sent through the nervous system as nerve impulses – electrical

signals that pass along nerve cells known as neurons

•A bundle of neurones is known as a nerve

•The axon is an extended middle thread along
which electrical impulses travel.

•Axons are coated by a layer of myelin

called myelin sheath, this is an electrically
insulating layer which is essential for the
proper functioning of the nervous system. The
electrical impulse does not travel down the
whole axon, but jumps from one node to the
next

•Dendrite’s function is to pick up electrical

impulses from other cells.

•Their cell body contains many extensions

called dendrites. This means they can connect
to many other neurons
Neurons: Basic functional unit of nervous system.

One
direction
Direction of nerve impulse ONLY!
passing along neurons

Click to add text

Types of Neuron
•There are three main types of
neuron: sensory, relay and motor

• Sensory neurons carry
impulses from sense organs
to the CNS (brain or spinal
cord)
• Relay neurons are found
inside the CNS and connect
sensory and motor neurons
• Motor neurons carry
impulses from the CNS to
effectors (muscles or glands)
• Human Motor Neuron
Content of the lesson
For Further references:
• Videos Links:
• https://youtu.be/DPWEhl7gbu4
• https://youtu.be/cUGuWh2UeMk
• https://youtu.be/lnG5tidIaJU

• Textbook page number for reference:161-162

 Interactive phase using “Chatter, Padlet, MS team”
Progress Check
Questionnaires are available during last 7- Rubric will shared in Chatter to
8 minutes like normal lesson to answer answer Task 1 and 2.
questions related to topic.(Plenary)
Use link to access:
https://www.educake.co.uk/
User id and password are same (already
shared)