WRITING PRECIS,

SUMMARY,
ABSTRACT
 SUMMARIZATION:

- SUMMARIZING IS TAKING A LARGER

SELECTONS OF TEXT AND REDUCE
THEM TO THEIR BASE ESSENTIALS:
SKELETON.
 SUMMARIZATION:

- A SUMMARY OF THE STORY IS MUCH

SHORTER THAN A STORY
- DOES NOT GIVE YOUR IDEAS OR
OPINIONS
 SUMMARIZATION:

NORTHERN LIGHTS
The Aurora Borealis, or Northern lights,
are bands of color in the night sky. Ancient
People thought that these lights were
dragon on fire, and even modern scientists
are not sure what they are.
 PRECIS:

EXAMPLE IN LITERATURE HAS

ELEMENTS OF THE STORY: CHARACTER
SETTINGS, PLOT, THEMES ETC.
- CONCISE SUMMARY OF ESSENTIAL
POINTS, STATEMENTS, OR FACTS
TECHNIQUES OF PRECIS WRITING

- READING THE TEXT ( REREAD)

- WRITING YOUR DRAFT
-REVISION TOWARDS FINAL OUTPUT
DOS/DON’Ts OF PRECIS WRITING

1. START BY CREATING CONTEXT (SETTING) AND

STATING MAIN IDEA.
2. THESIS STATEMENT (Climate change is natural; however,
advances of human society such as deforestation,
industrialization, and the burning of fossil fuels, have
increased the rate at which the climate is changing.)
3. STATE THE NAME OF ARTICLE/DOCUMENT, THE
AUTHOR AND THE SOURCE
DOS/DON’Ts OF PRECIS WRITING

DO NOT USE:
- IN THIS ARTICLE - CLICHE
-THIS PARAGRAPH MEANS - CLICHE
INSTEAD:
“SIGMUND FREUD ARGUES THAT THE MOST
SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION OF LEARNING WAS…
DOS/DON’Ts OF PRECIS WRITING

REMEMBER:
- WHEN WRITING HISTORY USE PAST TENSE
- DO NOT USE ABBREVIATIONS (“ASAP”-AS
SOON AS POSSIBLE) OR CONTRACTIONS
( “CAN’T” – CANNOT)(“AREN’T” – ARE NOT)
DOS/DON’Ts OF PRECIS WRITING

AVOID WORDS:
- BIG, GOOD, BAD, LITTLE, AND A LOT.
“THIS ARTICLE IS GOOD”
DO NOT USE PHRASES
“THOROUGH HISTORY”
AND USES OF MANY “ANDS”
DOS/DON’Ts OF PRECIS WRITING

-THE TOTAL NUMBER OF PARAGRAPH

IS DIVIDED BY 3
150/3 = 50 WORDS IN PRECIS ONLY.
 PRECIS WRITING

REMEMBER:
-REPORTED SPEECH (THIRD PERSON –PAST
TENSE) EX.
I LIKE TO WRITE (DIRECT SPEECH)
HE SAID THAT HE LIKED TO WRITE ( REPORTED
SPEECH).
Human liberty defines liberalism. The concept of “free
will” is exclusive to humans and gives us moral and
political authority.

During the 1960s, liberalism was undergoing a crisis

in the West. Contrasted with the chaos in liberalism,
the illiberal system in the Soviet Union seemed to be
flourishing. However, in a matter of two decades, it
was the Soviet system that collapsed, while liberal
democracy strengthened by adapting itself.
A recent visit to the Arctic region brought me face-to-face with the
problem of global warming. It made me realize how massive the change
is and how grave its consequences will be for all. The ice caps in the
Polar Regions are melting rapidly due to deforestation and the increasing
levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. If steps are not taken soon,
the rising water levels will submerge all the landmasses.
Ozone depletion is another serious consequence of global warming.
These holes or breaches in the protective cover of our planet let harmful
UV rays reach us unfiltered. They in turn cause health hazards that are
very difficult to treat. Awareness of these effects of our actions and
sustainable steps to prevent them is the
need of the hour. (134 Words)
 Rough Draft
•Global warming can lead to grave consequences.
•Ice caps are melting rapidly.
•Rising water levels are a threat to land masses.
•Global warming is causing ozone depletion and
health hazards.
Title: Global Warming
PRÉCIS: The consequences of global warming
are grave. The ice caps, which are melting due
to deforestation and the increasing levels of
carbon dioxide can cause a rise in the water
levels and submerge landmasses. Global
warming can lead to ozone depletion. Lack of
preventive measures can either cause health
hazards or the extinction of species. (55 words)