• Name : Madiha Azam

• Roll no.: 22
• Submitted to : Mam Zumar
 CHEMICAL INCOMPACTIBILITY

Prepared by Madiha Azampre

Incompatibility:-

• It is result of prescribing or mixing two or more subtances which are

antagonist in nature and an undesirable product is formed which may
affected the safety purpose or appearance of preparation .
Types
• Physical incompatibility
• Therapeutic incompatibility
• Chemical incompatibility
Chemical incompatibility
It is basically the result of chemical interaction taking place among
ingredients of prescription
Immediated incompatibility
• Such interaction take place immediately upon compounding ie; colour
change.
Delay incompatibility
• more often interaction are not evident immediately on compounding
but take place over a period of time .
 Tolerated: The reaction is minimize by applying same suitable order of
mixing or mixing in diluting form
Adjusted: the reaction is prevented by adding or substitution of one of
reacting substances with adhere of equal therapeutic value but does
not effect medication effect .
PH Effects:
Most medication in use are often salts of weak acids and bases
• There salts have a very good water solubility whereas their
crossponding unionized acids or base are insole if a solution of salts of
a weakly acidic drug is acidified the free acid may be ppt out
• Similarly ppt of free base may occur if a solution of a salt of weakly
basic drug is made alkaline
Gas Formation:
• Evaluation of gas due to chemical reaction between the ingredients of
formulation
Example :
Effervescent Tablets
• Carbonates , Bicarbonates react with the acid release the CO2
Rectification:
Mixing will be done in a wide mouth container and then pack in a
suitable container
Color Change:
• The Color of most of dyes used in formulations is influence by their
ionization which in turn depends on the PH of the solution
Example :
Phenolphthalein
• Colorless in acidic solution pink in basic solution
Rectification:
• We add the buffering agent to maintain the PH
Oxidation Reduction Reaction:
• Most of the mixtures may be oxidized when expose to air heat or
change in PH
Example :
Use of anti oxidant like Ascorbic acid, Sodium metabisulphte
Explosive Combination:
• We can not combine the oxidation and reducing agent otherwise they
will shown explosion
Example :
• Potassium chloride + Sulphur = Explosion
Rectification:
• Dispense separately in solution mix lightly with each other
Ionic Reaction:
• Organic Components when in ionic form(cations & anions) are in
same solution will be incompatible
Example :
• Cream A > cationic emulsifying agent
• Cream B > anionic emulsifying agent
• When they need to dispense together
• Cracking of cream will be seen