Volumetric Error

Analysis

Kuang-Chao Fan, Hao-Wei Yang, Kun-Ying Li

Kuang-Chao Fan, Han-Ming Yen, Kun-Ying Li
Yuchao Fan, Yubin Huang, Yejin Chen, Zhifeng Lou, Kuang-Chao Fan
 Outline

● Introduction
● Method
● Results
● Application
Introduction
 Problem

● The position offset between commanded cutting point and actual point in space is called
volumetric error.
● Volumetric errors of machine tools are mainly caused by geometric errors of each axis,
including three linear errors and three angular errors.
● For a three-axis machine, there are totally 21 terms of geometric errors.
● Due to the inherent angular errors in each axis, the positioning errors in space will be induced
by angular errors and enlarged by corresponding Abbe offset
 Volumetric Error
● The generalized equations of the volumetric error can be expressed by:
Volumetric error=Linear errors + Angular errors x Abbe offset + Squareness errors x Displacement

: the total deviation between command point and actual point in j direction during i-directional motion
: the linear errors terms in j direction during i-directional motion
: the angular error in j direction during i-directional motion
: the Abbe offset terms from the sensor point to the cutter point in j direction during i-directional motion
: squareness error between the i-axis and j-axis
Method
 VT Method
• Abbe offset will be different in the different machine tool configurations

The abbe offsets of X-axis motion are the distance between scale reader
head and cutter. In the figure, the spindle also moves with X-axis
motion. Hence, the relative distance between the cutter and the reader
head of the X-axis scale is always constant, while the offset in Z is
dependent on the spindle’s Z position

Abbe offsets of X-axis motion

Jae Pahk, H., Sam Kim, Y., & Hee Moon, J. (1997). A new technique for volumetric error assessment of CNC machine tools incorporating ball bar measurement and 3D volumetric error model.
International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 37(11), 1583–1596. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0890-6955(97)00029-1
 VT Method

Abbe offsets of Y-axis motion Abbe offsets of Z-axis motion

Jae Pahk, H., Sam Kim, Y., & Hee Moon, J. (1997). A new technique for volumetric error assessment of CNC machine tools incorporating ball bar measurement and 3D volumetric error model.
International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 37(11), 1583–1596. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0890-6955(97)00029-1
 Volumetric Errors
● The accuracy of the machine tool will be determined by the summation of each subsystem. The total
volumetric errors are expressed by:
 HTM method
• HTM is based on the kinematic motion of a linkage chain, in which each linkage’s actual motion consists of its
ideal motion matrix and 6-DOF geometric error motions
• A reference coordinate system () is defined on the machine, and the sub-coordinate frame of each axis (also called
linkage or rigid body) is defined at a specified point of its rigid body. Based on the figure, it is in the sequence Y-
axis (), X-axis (), and Z-axis ()

Fan, Y., Huang, Y., Chen, Y., Lou, Z., & Fan, K.-C. (2021). Fast volumetric error assessment of a gantry-type machine using multi-degree-of-freedom laser-based sensors and vector
transfer model. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technolog\y, 118(11–12), 3711–3724. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-08142-8
 HTM method
● The coordinate between the functional point (FP) and the reference point can be obtained by the
following HTM operation:
 Volumetric Errors
● The volumetric error is the difference between the actual position and the ideal position of the FP.

L is the constant distance from to FP in the Z-direction

Results
 VT Method

Fan, Y., Huang, Y., Chen, Y., Lou, Z., & Fan, K.-C. (2021). Fast volumetric error assessment of a gantry-type machine using multi-degree-of-freedom laser-based sensors and vector
transfer model. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technolog\y, 118(11–12), 3711–3724. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-08142-8
Application
HTM Method

● represent the vectors between coordinates

and is the vector locating the sample
point relative to the z-axis coordinate
system
HTM Method

Straightness error in direction as a function of

displacement
Angular error about the axis as a function
ofdisplacement

Squareness error between andaxis

vector component fromto coordinate system

Motion of the system

HTM Method