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Communication
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Communication
Process of sharing and conveying
messages or information from
one person to another within and
across channels, contexts, media,
and culture.
Nature of
Communication
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Nature of Communication
● Communication is a process
● Occurs between two or more people
● Expressed through words (verbal),
actions (nonverbal), or both at the
same time.
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Elements of Communication

● Speaker ● Receiver
● Message ● Feedback
● Encoding ● Context
● Channel ● Barrier
● Decoding
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Speaker
The source of
information or message
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Message
The information, ideas, or
thoughts conveyed by the
speaker in words or in action
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Encoding
The process of converting the
message into words, actions or
other forms that the speaker
understand.
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Channel
The medium or the means, such
as personal or non-personal,
verbal or non-verbal, in which
the encoded message is
conveyed.
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Decoding
The process of interpreting the
encoded message of the
speaker by the receiver
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Feedback
The reactions, responses, or
information provided by the
receiver
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Context
The environment where
communication takes place
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Barriers
Factors that affect the flow of
communication
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Process of Communication Example

The speaker generates an idea. Daphne loves Rico as a friend

The speaker encodes an idea or converts She thinks of how to tell him using their
the idea into words or actions. native language.

The speaker transmits or sends out a She tells him “Rico, mahal kita bilang
message. kaibigan”

The receiver gets the message. Rico hears what Daphne says.

The receiver decodes or interprets the He tries to analyze what she means, and he
message based on the context. is heartbroken.

The receiver sends or provides feedback. He frowns and does not say something,
because he is in pain.
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Functions of
Communication
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● Control/Regulation
● Social interaction
● Motivation
● Emotional expression
● Information dissemination
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Control/Regulation
● to control behavior
● rule or directive
made and maintained
by authority
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Social interaction
● allows individuals to interact with
others
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● Example Expression
- Let’s be friends.
- Will you marry me?
- Be my group partner.
- I like you.
- Hello!
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● motivates or encourages people to live

better
● drive a person to accomplish a desired
goal
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Emotional expression
● facilitates people’s expression of
their feelings and emotions
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Example

● Expressions ● Non-verbal
- Yes! - Gestures
- Oh no! - facial expression
- Ouch! - simple or energetic
- Really? body movements
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Information dissemination
● Communication can be used for
giving and getting information
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● Giving information using statements

- I have three brothers.
- Philippine Normal University was
established in 1901.
● Giving information using a rhetorical question
- Did you know that some earphones can be
used as microphones?
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Features of an
Effective
Communication
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Completeness
● Essential to the quality of the
communication process
● Should include everything that the
receiver needs to hear for him/her to
respond, react, or evaluate properly.
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Conciseness
● Making the message direct or straight
to the point
● Insignificant and redundant
information should be eliminated
from the communication that will be
sent to the recipient.
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Consideration
● The speaker should always consider
relevant information about his/her
receiver such as mood, background,
race, preference, education, status,
needs, among others.
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Concreteness
● Message is supported by facts,
figures, and real-life examples and
situations.
● In this case the receiver is more
connected to the message conveyed.
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Courtesy
● Respecting the culture, values, and
beliefs of his/her receiver.
● Create positive impact on the
audience.
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Clarity
● The use of simple and specific words
to express ideas.
● It is also achieved if the speaker
focuses only on a single objective in
his/her speech so as not to confuse the
audience.
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Correctness
● Correctness in grammar eliminates
negative impact on the audience and
increases the credibility and
effectiveness of the message.
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Barriers of Communication
Emotional barriers
Use of Jargon
Lack of confidence
Noisy Environment