3 QUARTER

RD

LESSON 1 OF MODULE 1
AND 2
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Learning Competency:

The learners demonstrate an understanding of

organisms as having feedback mechanisms, which are
coordinated by the nervous, endocrine and
reproductive systems.
Objectives:

• Identify the parts of the male and female reproductive

system and their functions.

• Realize the importance of maintaining a healthy

reproductive system.

• Work cooperatively with group mates in completing the

parts and functions of the reproductive system.
 REVIEW: What are the parts of :

Male Reproductive System: Female Reproductive System:

SSETTE IESVOAR
UMCRSOT IANOPLALF UBET
ESPIN AVIGAN
ASV DEEFERNS EUTSUR
URTHRAE ERCXIV
OCOLN
TIESTLCE
Male Reproductive System: Female Reproductive System:

TESTES OVARIES
SCROTUM FALLOPIAN TUBE
PENIS VAGINA
VAS DEFERNS UTERUS
URETHRA CERVIX
COLON
TESTICLE
WHAT DO DO YOU CALL A TIME WHEN A BOY OR A
GIRL BECOMES SEXUALLY MATURE?
WHAT DO DO YOU CALL A TIME WHEN A BOY OR A
GIRL BECOMES SEXUALLY MATURE?

PUBERTY
WHAT IS THE FIRST SIGN OF PUBERTY FOR BOYS?
WHAT IS THE FIRST SIGN OF PUBERTY FOR GIRLS?
IN GIRLS :
• The first sign of puberty is usually breast
development.
• Then hair growths in the pubic area and armpits.
• Menstruation usually happen last

IN BOYS :
• Puberty usually begins with testicles and penis
getting bigger.
• Then hair grows , the voice deepens and facial hair
develops as puberty continues.
How to
calculate
menstrual
cycle?
 Begin on day one of your
period and count the number
of days until your next
period, which is day one of
your next cycle. Track for 3
months and add the total
number of days. Divide that
number by three and you’ll
have your average cycle
length.
Ovulation normally occurs 12-16 days
prior to your period. The second part
of the cycle does not change and lasts
almost always 14 days. The first part
does change which then determine the
length of the entire cycle. For example,
if your cycles are 28 days, then
ovulation is on day 14. If the cycle are
26 days, then ovulation lands on day
12. If the cycle is 32 days, then
ovulation day is day 18.
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM FUNCTIONS :

1.Secretions of male sex hormones

2.Production of sperm cells

3.Transfer of sperm cells

• Penis — the organ used for urination and sexual
intercourse. It has
spongy tissue which can fill with blood to cause an
erection. It
contains the urethra, which carries both urine and semen.

• Scrotum — this is a loose bag of skin that hangs outside

the body,
behind the penis. It holds the testes in place.
• Testes (or testicles) — these are a pair of egg-shaped
glands that sit in the scrotum, on the outside of the body.
They produce sperm and testosterone, which is the male
sex hormone.
Epididymis — this is a highly coiled tube that lies at the back of
the testes. All sperm from the testes must pass through the
epididymis, where they mature and start to ‘swim’.

• Vas deferens — this is a thick-walled tube joined to the

epididymis. It carries sperm from the epididymis up to the
prostate gland and urethra.

• Prostate gland — this is a walnut-sized gland that sits in the

middle of the pelvis. The urethra runs through the middle of it.
It produces the fluid secretions that support and nourish the
sperm.
•
Urethra — this is a tube that extends from the bladder to the
external opening at the end of the penis. The urethra carries both
urine and sperm.

• Seminal vesicles — these are 2 small glands above the prostate

gland that make up much of the fluid in semen.

• The bladder - is a triangle-shaped, hollow organ located in the

lower abdomen. It is held in place by ligaments attached to the
pelvic bones. The bladder's walls relax and expand to store urine,
and contract and flatten to empty urine through the urethra.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM FUNCTIONS :
1.Production of female sex hormones
2.Production of female sex cells
3.Reception of sperm cells
4.Nurturing the development and providing
nourishment for new individuals
“
Let us REVIEW

”
Module 1 : lesson 1 and 2
What do you call the male SEX CELLS
What do you call the male SEX CELLS

Sperm cell
Which part of the male reproductive system
responsible for producing sperm cells?
Which part of the male reproductive system
responsible for producing sperm cells?

Testicles / testes / testis

What do call the hormone that’s is secreted by the
male reproductive system?
What do you call the hormone that is secreted by
the male reproductive system?

testosterone
What is the process that causes the penis to
enlarge and become firm?
What is the process that causes the penis to
enlarge and become firm?

erection
What is the pouch like structure of the skin that
encloses the testicles
What is the pouch like structure of the skin that
encloses the testicles

scrotum
What happens to the scrotum in cold
temperatures?
What happens to the scrotum in cold
temperatures?

Becomes firm and wrinkled

WHAT ARE THE THREE GLANDS THAT PROVIDES THE
FLUID IN THE SEMEN?
WHAT ARE THE THREE GLANDS THAT PROVIDES THE
FLUID IN THE SEMEN?

SEMINAL VESICLE , PROSTATE GLAND , COWPER’S OR BULBOURETHRAL GLAND

WHICH ONE SECRETES A THICK MILKY ALKALINE
FLUID TO COUNTERACTS THE ACIDIC VAGINA AND
THE URETHRA AND IT ACTIVATES THE SPERM?
WHICH ONE SECRETES A THICK MILKY ALKALINE
FLUID TO COUNTERACTS THE ACIDIC VAGINA AND
THE URETHRA AND IT ACTIVATES THE SPERM?

PROSTATE GLAND
WHICH ONE SECRETES A THICK FLUID THAT
CONTAINS NUTRIENTS FOR THE TRAVELLING SPERM
CELLS .
WHICH ONE SECRETES A THICK FLUID THAT
CONTAINS NUTRIENTS FOR THE TRAVELLING SPERM
CELLS .

SEMINAL VESICLE
WHICH ONE PRODUCES LUBRICATING EFFECT ?
WHICH ONE PRODUCES LUBRICATING EFFECT ?

COWPERS / BULBOURETHRAL GLAND

• Vagina: This muscular tube receives the penis during intercourse
and through it a baby leaves the uterus during childbirth.

• Uterus: This organ holds and nourishes a developing fetus, if an

egg was properly fertilized.

• Ovaries: The female gonads, the ovaries produce ova. When one
matures, it is released down into a fallopian tube.

• Fallopian tubes: These small tubes transport ova from the ovaries
to the uterus. This is where an egg waits to be fertilized.
• Cervix- Called the “neck of the uterus,” your cervix plays an
important role in allowing fluids to pass between your uterus and
vagina. It enables a baby to leave your uterus so that it can travel
through your vagina (birth canal) during childbirth
Endometrium- is the innermost lining layer of the uterus. The
endometrium is one of the most important players of the female
reproductive system. This tissue acts as the wall of the uterus or
the womb where a baby develops.

• Fimbriae - are finger-like projections on the ends of your

fallopian tubes closest to your ovaries. Each month, your fimbriae
catch the egg that one of your ovaries releases during ovulation.
You fimbriae then sweep the egg (ovum) into the fallopian tube
where the egg can be fertilized.
WHICH STRUCTURE OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM PRODUCES THE EGGS
WHICH STRUCTURE OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM PRODUCES THE EGGS

OVARY
THE PASSAGEWAY OF EGGS FROM THE OVARY TO
THE UTERUS ?
THE PASSAGEWAY OF EGGS FROM THE OVARY TO
THE UTERUS ?

OVIDUCT / FALLOPIAN TUBE

Which of the following describes an egg cell?

A. gamete B. gonads C. C chromosomes D. zygote

Which of the following describes an egg cell?

A. gamete B. gonads C. C chromosomes D. zygote

a. gamete
What is the male gonad?
What is the male gonad?

Testes / testicles / testis

What is the female gonad?
What is the female gonad?

ovary
Execute this through a group activity. There will be (5) groups
each consisting of 5-10 students; each will be given task which
they will perform in front of the class. The following are the
tasks:

GROUP 1 – Importance/ functions of the human reproductive

system in the form of jingle.
GROUP 2 – Describe the functions of each part of the
reproductive system through song interpretation.
GROUP 3 – Act out the parts of the male reproductive system
through a drama
GROUP 4- Act out the parts of the female reproductive system
through a drama.
GROUP 5 – Interpretative dance on the human reproductive
system concept.
On a short bond paper, illustrate using a diagram
the coordinated functions of the Nervous,
Reproductive, and Endocrine Systems.

Criteria:
Neatness: 5
Creativity- 5
Organization of Thought – 5
Correctness - 5
Introduction to Nervous System
IDENTIFY THE ORGAN SYSTEM
CAN YOU IDENTIFY THE ORGAN SYSTEM ?
IDENTIFY THE ORGAN SYSTEM
IDENTIFY THE ORGAN SYSTEM
IDENTIFY THE ORGAN SYSTEM
IDENTIFY THE ORGAN SYSTEM
IDENTIFY THE ORGAN SYSTEM
 Which is Which ?

WHICH OF THE GIVEN CHOICES CORRESPONDS TO THE FUNCTION

OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM?
 Which is Which ?

SET 1
 
1. It exchanges gases between the external environment
and the blood.

2. It gathers information from the outside world and from the

inside of the body.
 Which is Which ?

SET 1
 
1. It exchanges gases between the external environment
and the blood.

2. It gathers information from the outside world and from the

inside of the body.
Which is Which ?

SET 2

1.It transmits information to the processing areas in the brain and the

spinal cord.

2.It produces hormones that regulate the activities of the cells and
organisms.
Which is Which ?

SET 2

1.It transmits information to the processing areas in the

brain and the spinal cord.

2.It produces hormones that regulate the activities of the cells and
organisms.
Which is Which ?

SET 3

1.It processes information to determine the best response.

2.It digests and absorbs nutrients from the food.

Which is Which ?

SET 3

1.It processes information to determine the best response.

2.It digests and absorbs nutrients from the food.

Which is Which ?

SET 4

1.It maintains posture and position of the body.

2.It sends information to muscles, glands and organs so they can

respond correctly.
Which is Which ?

SET 4

1.It maintains posture and position of the body.

2.It sends information to muscles, glands and organs so they can

respond correctly.
Introduction to Nervous System
 FUNCTION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM

1. It gathers information from the outside world and from the

inside of the body.
2. It transmits information to the processing areas in the
brain and the spinal cord.
3. It processes information to determine the best response.
4. It sends information to muscles, glands and organs so they can
respond correctly.
The Nervous System (NS) is a
complex network of nerves and
cells that carry messages to and
from the brain and spinal cord to
various parts of the body.
The NS is responsible for receiving and
processing information from the external
environment of an organism.

Through the NS the organism is enabled to

respond to these external factors
accordingly .
Functions :
• Regulates the function of other body
systems
• it receives information from or about your
environment and other parts of the body
• It interprets the information
• Makes your body respond or react to it
The nervous system includes both the Central
nervous system and Peripheral nervous
system.

The central nervous system is made up of the

brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral
nervous system is made up of the Somatic
and the Autonomic nervous systems.
Module 1 Lesson 3

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Homeostasis- is the ability to maintain a
relatively stable internal state that persists
despite changes in the world outside.
- Perfect physiological balance
- -mechanism that enables us to keep our
internal environment relatively
constant.
FEEDBACK MECHANISM – Process whereby a change
to the system results in an alarm which will trigger a
certain result.
- Important to maintain homeostasis.
- Information gained about a reaction to a product
which will allow the modification of the product.
 2 TYPES
- - NEGATIVE FEEDBACK – INHIBITS OR REDUCE
THE SYSTEM TO BRING BACK TO NORMAL.

- POSITIVE FEEDBACK – AMPLIFIES THE

SYSTEM , EXCEEDS FAR BEYOND TO INCREASE
THE CHANGE OF SYSTEM
Hormones - are chemical messengers that are
secreted directly into the blood, which carries
them to organs and tissues of the body to exert
their functions.

Homeostatic state – stable state of the inner

environment of organism.
- Constant internal environment.
Stimulus – triggering factor
- Signals can be sent via nerve pathways and chemical signals

Receptor – Sensor
-receives info and sends this to the Control Center

Control Center – Evaluator

-Processes receptor information and stimulates the effector

Effector
- Carries out a stimulatory or inhibitory effect according to
CC instructions.
Stimulus receptor
receptor Control
Controlcenter
center Effector
Effector

(Negative Feedback) Glucose is detected by So pancreas as the control The liver to store excess
(Negative Feedback) Glucose
beta cellsis detected by beta center
So pancreas
produce as insulin
the control blood
The liver to store
glucose in theexcess
form
After eating cells center
Then theproduce
hormone insulin ofblood glucose in the form
glycogen.
After eating Then the hormone
messenger tells the of glycogen.
messenger
effector . . .tells
. the
effector . . . .

( positive Feedback ) contractions begin and the Brain allows the release of Oxytocin diffuses to the
receptor cells send a oxytocin cervix via blood to
During childbirth chemical signal to the stimulate further
( positive Feedback ) brain.
contractions begin and the Brain allows the release of contractions.
Oxytocin diffuses to the
receptor cells send a oxytocin cervix via blood to
During childbirth chemical signal to the stimulate further
brain. contractions.