MAGAND

ANG
BUHAY !
 Module 1

WELCOME
TO
ENGLISH 9
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 PRE-TEST
Before we start talking about
modals, let us check what you
already know
1. Which statement expresses
permission?
a. Can I go now?
b. I can go now.
 2. Which statement expresses moral
obligation?
a. Parents should teach their children to obey older people.
b. Parents must teach their children to obey older people.
3. Which statement expresses prohibition
to do something?
a. You cannot drive the car.
b. I can help you with that.
4. Which statement expresses the ability
to do something?
a. I can wear a mask correctly.
b. I should wash my hands properly.
5. Which statement expresses an
obligation?
a. We must wear masks all the time.
b. We will wear masks all the time.
Read and understand the short conversation below and fill in the
correct modals.
Choose yourmust may
answer fromcan could
the pool should
of words inside the box.
Saleslady: (1) _____ I help you?
Customer: (2) Yes, _____ you show me the gloves, size Medium?
Saleslady: (3) All right, sir, I _____ show you the different sizes of
the gloves.
Customer: (4) That _____ be the one my mother is looking for. (5)
_____ you please tell me its price?
Saleslady: It costs only 450.00 per box.
Customer: Ok, I will take one box.
Saleslady: Ok sir, thank you so much.
Answers:
Test one. Test two.
1. A 1. may
2. B 2. can
3. A 3. can
4. A 4. must
5. B 5. can
 Learning
Competency: Express
permission,
obligation, and
prohibition using
modals.
(EN9G-IVe-23)
Why are modals
important?
Modals or modal auxiliaries tend
to change the perspective of the
whole sentence. From certainty to
possibility, positive to negative
ability, request to obligation,
modals can help you navigate
varied areas of meaning.
 What is a modal?

Modals are auxiliary (helping) verbs

that are used to express likelihood,
ability, permission, request, capacity,
suggestion, order, obligation,
prohibition, necessity, possibility,
preference, probability and advice.
 What is a modal?

Modal verbs include can, must,

may, might, will, would, should.
They are used with other verbs
to express ability, obligation,
possibility, and so on.
Features of
Modals
Modals are followed Modals are sometimes
by the base form of followed by the base form
the verb.
of one of the auxiliary
verbs have or be, followed
by a participle.
If the modal is followed by be and a
Example: present participle, it means that you
I must leave are talking about the present or the
soon. future.
Examples:
1. People may be watching.
2. The program will be starting soon.
 Features of
Modals
Modals are sometimes
followed by the base form
of one of the auxiliary Negatives are formed
verbs have or be, followed by putting not
by a participle. immediately after the
In passive voice, a modal is modal.
followed by be or have
been and a past participle. Example:
Examples: You must not
1.They ought to be treated worry.
fairly.
2. The name of the winner
will be announced.
Features of
Modals
Questions are formed
by putting the modal Modals are
in front of the used in tag
subject. questions.
Examples:
Example:
Could you give me an
example?
Ought you to make They can do it. Can’t
some notes about it? they?
Features of
Modals
In spoken English, will and would are used after a
pronoun and one shortened to – ‘ll and –‘d and added
to the pronoun.

Example:

I hope you’ll agree.

 SO M E
N C T IO N S
FU
M O D A L S
OF
 Permission is defined as consent or authority for
someone to do something.
The modals that can express permission are: can, could
and may.

Can can be used to ask for and give

permission.
Examples:
1. Can I sit here?
2. You can borrow my shirt.
 Permission is defined as consent or authority for
someone to do something.
The modals that can express permission are: can, could
and may.
Could is also used to ask for permission
(but not to give it). It is more formal and
polite than can.
Examples:
1. Could I ask you something?
2. Could I take you home tonight?
 Permission is defined as consent or authority for
someone to do something.
The modals that can express permission are: can, could
and may.
May in the most formal way to ask for and
give permission
Examples:
1. May I see your passport, please?
2. You may hand in the report tomorrow.
To express permission in a sentence, you may use the
modals can, could or may.

Examples:

1. Can I go to the toilet, please?

2. Could I borrow your pen for a moment, please?

3. You may leave now.

 Obligation is a binding, formal arrangement as an agreement to do
something.
The modals that can be used to express obligation are: shall, should
Shall is used to expressand ideas
must.related to specific rules
or laws.

Examples:
1. Employees shall provide a medical certificate for
sick leave.

2. Students shall not enter this room.

 Obligation is a binding, formal arrangement as an agreement to do
something.
The modals that can be used to express obligation are: shall, should
Should is used to express andamust.
weak obligation to follow
or do something necessary but not mandatory.

Examples:
1. I should get more sleep at night.

2. She should take a rest.

Obligation is a binding, formal arrangement as an agreement to do
something.
The modals that can be used to express obligation are: shall, should
and must.
Must- used to express a strong obligation to
follow or do something mandatory.

Examples:
1. When you drive, you must wear a seatbelt.

2. I must stop smoking.

To express obligation in a sentence, you may use the
modals shall, should or must.

Examples:

1. There shall be no food and drink on the premises.

2. They should fix this road.

3. I must abide by the law.

Prohibition is the act of
not allowing something
to be used or done.
To express prohibition,
use the modal CAN or
MUST paired with the
negative word NOT.
Exampl
e:
1. You cannot go out during curfew
hours.
2. You must not use your cell phone
in the gasoline station.
 Thank
you for
listening
!