MARRIAG

E, FAMILY,
AND
ALTERNA
TIVE
LIFESTYL
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KELOMPOK 10

DANDI IRMANSYAH (E1S022148)

SAHIBUL FIKRI (E1S022136)

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Early Adulthood (17-45)

An important aspect of achieving intimacy with another person is first being able to
separate from the family of origin, or family of procreation. Most young adults have some
familial attachments, but are also in the process of separating from them. This process
normally begins during early adult transition (17-22), when many young adults first leave
home to attend college or take a job in another city.

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Relationships in Early Adulthood

Love, intimacy, and adult relationships go hand-in-hand. Psychologist Robert Sternberg proposed that
love consists of three components: passion, decision/commitment, and intimacy. Passion concerns the intense
feelings of physiological arousal and excitement (including sexual arousal) present in a relationship, while

decision/commitment concerns the decision to love the partner and maintain the relationship .
- Physical intimacy involves mutual affection and sexual activity.
- Psychological intimacy involves sharing feelings and thoughts.
- Social intimacy involves enjoying the same friends and types of recreation.

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The following sections discuss some of the more familiar types of
adult relationships.

1 . Singlehood
Today, many people are choosing singlehood, or the “single lifestyle.” Regardless of their reasons for not
marrying, many singles clearly lead satisfying and rewarding lives. Many claim that singlehood gives them
personal control over their living space and freedom from interpersonal obligations.
2 . Cohabitation and marriage
Cohabitation and marriage comprise the two most common longterm relationships of adulthood. Cohabitors
are unmarried people who live together and have sex together.

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3 . Extramarital relationships
Severe problems in a marriage may lead one or both spouses to engage in extramarital affairs.
Nonconsensual extramarital sexual activity (not agreed upon in advance by both married partners) constitutes
a violation of commitment and trust between spouses.
4 . Divorce
When significant problems in a relationship arise, some couples decide on divorce, or the legal
termination of a marriage. Both the process and aftermath of divorce place great stress on both partners.
Divorce can lead to increased risk of experiencing financial hardship, developing medical conditions (for
example, ulcers) and mental problems (anxiety, depression), having a serious accident, attempting suicide, or
dying prematurely.
5 . Friends
Friends play an important role in the lives of young adults. Most human relationships, including casual
acquaintances, are nonloving in that they do not involve true passion, commitment, or intimacy. According to
Sternberg, intimacy, but not passion or commitment, characterizes friendships.

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Relationships in Middle Adulthood (45-
65)
By middle age, more than 90 percent of adults have married at least once. Married
people often describe their marital satisfaction in terms of a “U-curve.” People
generally affirm that their marriages are happiest during the early years, but not as
happy during the middle years.

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Relationships in Older Adulthood (65 and
Older)
Given increases in longevity, today’s older adults face the possibility of acquiring and maintaining
relationships far longer than during any other time in modern history. For instance, nearly 1 in 10 adults over
the age of 65 has a child who is at least age 65.
1 . Marriage and family
People sometimes refer to older adult marriages and families as “retirement marriages” or “retirement
families.” In such families the following demographics typically hold true:
■ The average age of the wife is 68, and the husband, 71.
■ Their previous marriages had lasted for more than 40 years, and they had high levels of marital satisfaction.
■ They have three grown children, the oldest being about 40.

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2 . Relationships with adult children
As for the quality of the relationship between older adults and their grown children, most research
suggests that the elderly rate their experiences as positive. This particularly holds true when they have good
health, enjoy common interests (such as church, holidays, hobbies), and share similar views (on politics,
religion, child rearing, and so forth) with their children.
3 . Grandparenting
On average, men become grandfathers at age 52, and women become grandmothers at age 50. Therefore,
grandparenting hardly restricts itself to older adults. Although idealizing grandparenting is easy to do, the
quality of grandparent-grandchild relationships varies across and within families. Generally, the majority of
grandparents report having warm and loving relationships with their grandchildren.

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Homosexual and Bisexual Relationships
Some couples do not fit into traditional models of marriage and family. A person who is
attracted to members of the opposite sex is heterosexual, or “straight.” A person who is attracted
to members of the same sex is homosexual, or “gay” (male) or “lesbian” (female). And a person
who is attracted to members of both sexes is bisexual, or “bi.” They live together, alone, with
family or friends, or have housemates. They also come from all walks of life, socioeconomic
levels, and backgrounds. Making generalizations about homosexual or bisexual relationships—
romantic, social, working, or otherwise—is difficult, as is making generalizations about
heterosexual relationships.

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‘ SEKIAN YANG DAPAT KAMI
SAMPAIKAN, MAAF JIKA ADA
KEKURANGAN KARNA
KESEMPURNAAN ITU SULIT UNTUK
DICAPAI KALAU CUMA SENDIRI ’
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