ARTIFICIAL

Traffic
INTELLIGENCE
ARTIFICIAL
Prediction (using
(AI)
INTELLIGENCE
ai)
ARTIFICIAL
Dhanvini Basava

(AI)
X-A

INTELLIGENCE
ARTIFICIAL
 WHAT IS TRAFFIC
PreDiCTION?
Road Traffic is a global issue that impacts all levels of society that costs people valuable
time, fuel, and frustration every single day.
Artificial Intelligence had been expanding over the years, creating unexpected milestones
each day. The development of AI is contributing to the development of this world in every
possible way, and the issue of Road Traffic is no exception.
AI is helping reduce Traffic through “Traffic Prediction Models”. Traffic Prediction
basically refers to forecasting the density of traffic flow, usually for the managing vehicles,
reducing congestion, and generating the best (least time- or energy-consuming) route to reach
a destination.
Accurate Traffic Prediction can help make smarter choices that can save money, time and
increase road safety. It also helps Road Traffic Management. A few Traffic Prediction
models predict traffic upto 24 hours ahead of time. It also contributes to SDG 11 - Sustainable
Cities and Communities, and Smart Cities.
Traffic Prediction mainly uses Machine Learning and Deep Learning approach. And, like
any other AI project cycle, it involves the processes of Data Acquisition, Data
Visualisation, etc.
 DATA ACQUISITION
Traffic is influenced by many factors, and all of them are used to make accurate
predictions. A few of them are:-

ARTIFICI
MAPPING
DATA
TRAFFIC
INFO
WEATHER
INFO
ROAD
CONDITIONS

AL
A detailed map with road Historical and current Weather data (historical, A few other things impact
networks and related traffic info like number of current, and forecasted) is traffic. Sources like social
information is required to vehicles passing at a certain also necessary as weather media posts about sports
make accurate point, their speed, and type conditions impact the road events in the area, local
predictions. (trucks, cars, etc.) is situation & driving speed. news about civil protests,
A few sources which required. Sources of this Sources like OpenWeather, or even police scanners

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give up-to-date info include loop detectors, Tomorrow.io are helpful. about crime scenes,
information regarding the cameras, radar, GPS, and accidents, or road
same include G-Maps, other sensors blockages.
HERE, etc.
 )
(AI
/
STATISTICAL
METHODS TO
PREDICT TRAFFIC
Statistical methods allow you to identify traffic patterns at a different scale: during the
day, on different days of the week, seasonal, etc. They are usually easier, faster, and
cheaper to implement than machine learning ones. However, they are less accurate
since they can’t process as much multivariate data.

Specifically, Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Models have

been actively used to predict traffic since the 1970s as they are easy to implement
and show higher accuracy compared to other statistical methods. It’s a classical
statistical approach to analyze past events & predict future ones. It observes data that
is collected from a series of regular time intervals and assumes that past patterns will
repeat in the future.
However, traffic flow is a complex structure with many variables that can’t be
effectively processed with the help of the univariate ARIMA models.
 MACHINE LEARNING IN
TRAFFIC PREDICTION
Machine Learning (ML) is a component of AI, which refers to computer systems which are capable of
improving themselves as they receive new information, but do not need clear programming instructions.
ML helps create predictive models which consider large masses of masses of heterogeneous data from different
sources. It algorithms had been successful at forecasting road traffic. Examples of such algorithms:-

RANDOM FOREST The k-nearest neighbors (KNN)

It createsALGORITHM
multiple decision trees and merges their
data to obtain accurate predictions. It’s quite fast and
can produce effective results given sufficient
training data. When applied to the road congestion
problem, this method showed an accuracy of 87.5%.
In this case, weather conditions, time period, special
conditions of the road, road quality, and holidays
are used as model input variables.
algorithm relies on the principle of
feature similarity to predict future
values. Experiments with the KNN
model demonstrated over 90 percent
accuracy of short-term traffic flow
prediction.
KNN ALGORITHM
DEEP LEARNING AR
METHODS
Deep learning (DL) methods have proved highly effective in predicting road
traffic in comparison to ML or statistical techniques, consistently showing about
90 percent forecasting accuracy and higher. Deep learning algorithms are based
on neural networks.
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Neural networks (NN) or artificial neural networks (ANN) consist of
interconnected nodes (neurons) that are arranged in two or more layers and are
designed to function similar to the human brain. There are many types of neural
networks developed for different purposes like Convolutional Neural Networks
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INT
(CNN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM)
& Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU).
 INFO PROVIDED BY TRAFFIC
PREDICTION MODELS
01.
JAM 02. 03.
JAM
JAM
TENDENCY EVOLUTION
Indicates whether a jam is
improving, remaining stable,
LIFETIME
Provide expected duration of
Provide the predicted position of the
jam, supplemented by the predicted
speed throughout the congestion
or becoming worse a jam

04. 05. 06.

DRIVABLE
FUTURE JAMS PRE-HAND
Provide the predicted traffic PREDICTION SPEED
Provides the best drivable

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congestions expected to Traffic Prediction before a speed suggestion for the
happen in the future few hours of the trip. vehicle
 ARTIFICIAL
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(AI)
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 TRAFFIC HE

PREDICTION
RE
It collects data from more than 100 incident
reporting services and utilizes billions of GPS
data points daily. Its data is updated every
minute. HERE provides real-time information
and creates accurate predictions for the next 12

APPS
hours based on historical and current traffic data.
TomTom
It give access to historical and real-time data
related to traffic incidents and flow. TomTom
makes use of over 600 million GPS and floating
car data probes to collect up-to-date information
WA
(updated every 30 seconds), analyze it, and ZE
A Google Product; a popular
make predictions up to 24 hours ahead.
navigation app gets information on
traffic, accidents, jams, and other road
conditions. The information is updated
every 2 minutes
 TRAFFIC
PREDICTION
APPS
 THAN
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AL K
YOU!
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