PRACTICAL RESEARCH

2
MS. MARIE RENZIE M.
CUATON
 W H AT TO E X P E C T ?
• It's not easy BUT it will be worth it!
• Output-based (STEM)
• Fast pacing lectures
• Recitation is marked as additional point
W H AT d o i n e e d ?
• Practical Research notebook (note-taking and pointing
system)
• Internet/gadget for class-based research activities
• BRAIN CELLS and HARD WORK! :)
 LET’S
TRY?
Share with the class your knowledge in research by answering the ff.
questions.
• What is research?
• What are the two basic types of research? Define and
differentiate
• What (else) can you still remember about research?
What is Quantitative Research?
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DEALS WITH
NUMERICAL VALUES AND HOW THEY CAN
DESCRIBE A PHENOMENON OR INFER A
RELATIONSHIP.
 What is Quantitative Research?
• IT IS THE GO-TO APPROACH FOR SCIENTIFIC
INQUIRY BECAUSE OF ITS ABILITY TO TEST
HYPOTHESES.

2. THE BASIS OF FORMULATING AND TESTING

HYPOTHESES ARE VARIABLES, WHICH ARE TRAITS
THAT NUMERICALLY DESCRIBE OR GIVE MEANING
TO AN OBJECT, PHENOMENON, OR GROUP OF
PEOPLE.
CHARACTERISTIC,
STRENGTHS, AND
WEAKNESSES OF
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
CHARACTERISTICS OF
QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
CHARACTERISTICS

CONTROLLABILITY
GENERALIZABILITY
OBJECTIVITY
REPLICABILITY
CONTROLLABILITY
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
SHOULD BE IN AN
ENVIRONMENT WHERE ALL
VARIABLES ARE IDENTIFIED
AND CAN BE CONTROLLED.
 CONTROLLABILITY EXAMPLE

TEMPERATURE IS A MUCH MORE COMMON TYPE OF

CONTROLLED VARIABLE. BECAUSE IF THE TEMPERATURE IS
HELD CONSTANT DURING AN EXPERIMENT, IT IS
CONTROLLED. SOME OTHER EXAMPLES OF CONTROLLED
VARIABLES COULD BE THE AMOUNT OF LIGHT OR
CONSTANT HUMIDITY DURATION OF AN EXPERIMENT ETC
GENERALIZABILITY
GENERALIZABILITY IS FROM LARGER
SAMPLE SIZES THAT THE RESULTS ARE
BASED ON AS A REPRESENTATIVE OF THE
POPULATION.
 GENERALIZABILITY EXAMPLE
A RESEARCHER MAY GENERALIZE THE RESULTS OF A
SURVEY OF 350 PEOPLE IN A UNIVERSITY TO THE
UNIVERSITY POPULATION AS A WHOLE; READERS OF THE
RESULTS MAY APPLY, OR TRANSFER, THE RESULTS TO THEIR
OWN SITUATION. THEY WILL ASK THEMSELVES, BASICALLY,
IF THEY FALL INTO THE MAJORITY OR NOT.
OBJECTIVITY
THE RESULTS OF THE DATA ARE
OBSERVABLE AND MEASURABLE USING
STRUCTURED INSTRUMENTS.
 OBJECTIVITY EXAMPLE
THE RESULTS OF THE DATA ARE
OBSERVABLE AND MEASURABLE USING
STRUCTURED ADJUSTING A HYPOTHESIS
PROVEN TO BE INCORRECT. THE
ADJUSTMENT IS BASED ON THE COLLECTED
DATA.
REPLICABILITY
THE RESEARCH STUDY SHOULD BE
REPLICABLE BY OTHER TEAMS OF
RESEARCHERS THAT WILL EVENTUALLY
COME UP WITH SIMILAR OUTCOMES.
 REPLICABILITY EXAMPLE
IF A NEW RESEARCH PAPER CONCLUDES THAT SMOKING IS
NOT RELATED TO LUNG CANCER, READERS WOULD BE
VERY SKEPTICAL BECAUSE IT DISAGREES WITH THE
WEIGHT OF EXISTING EVIDENCE.
CHARACTERISTICS
• Methods or procedures of data include items like
age, gender, and educational status, among others,
that call for measurable characteristics of the
population.
• Standardized instruments guide data collection,
thus, ensuring the accuracy, reliability, and validity
of the data.
CHARACTERISTICS
• Figures, tables, or graphs showcase summarized data
collection in order to show trends, relationships, or
differences among variables. In sum, the charts and
tables allow you to see the evidence collected.
• A large population yields more reliable data, but
principles of random sampling must be strictly
followed to prevent bias.
CHARACTERISTICS
• Quantitative methods can be repeated to
verify findings in another setting, thus,
reinforcing the validity of findings
• Quantitative research puts emphasis on
PROOF, rather than discovery.
 ANY
QUESTIONS?
What did I learn today?
Write in your NB what you learned today in 2-3
complete sentences.