1872

CAVITE
1872 CAVITE MUTINY
 Mutiny o “Pag-aalsa”
A rebellion against authority.
On January 20, 1872 a mutiny rise in Cavite where
200 Filipino soldiers and labourers rise against
the Spanish colonial forces inside the Cavite
arsenal led by Sergeant Fernando La Madrid
believing that it would elevate to a national
revolution. The government crackdown on the
awakening nationalist movement after the
rebellion collapse.
Sergeant Fernando La Madrid
 A. Spanish Version:
2 FACES Planned Conspiracy
OF CAVITE B. Filipino Version:
MUTINY A Response to
Injustice
A. Spanish Version:
Planned Conspiracy
JOSE MONTERO Y VIDAL (1851-1936)
-his account on Mutiny was criticized
as woefully biased.
- A Spanish historian
- A prolific Spanish Historian, who
interpreted that the Mutiny was an
attempt to remove and overthrow the
Spanish colonizers in the Philippines.
GOV. GEN. RAFAEL IZQUIERDO
-He was the Governor-General that
replaced the liberal Carlos María de la
Torre.
-He was famous for his use of "Iron
Fist" type of government.
-He was the Governor-General during
the 1872 Cavite mutiny which led to
execution of 41 of the mutineers,
including the GOMBURZA martyrs.
GOMBURZA
The three priests Mariano Gomez,
Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora,
also known as GOMBURZA, were
charged with involvement in the
1872 Cavite insurrection against
the Spanish government.
They were put to death using a garotte on February 28, 1872, on
the Bagumbayan.

One of the captured mutineers, Francisco Saldua

He previously gave evidence against priests.

The demise of privileges enjoyed by Cavite Arsenal employees,

such as labor force exemption and non-payment of tribute, was
cited as the primary cause of the revolt. When the workers
received their pay, they discovered that their wages had been
reduced by the amount of taxes and falla, the fine paid in order
to be excused from forced labor.
-Izquierdo blamed the unruly Spanish Press for
“stockpiling” malicious propagandas grasped by the
Filipinos. He reported to the King of Spain that the
“rebels” wanted to overthrow the Spanish
government to install a new “hari” in the likes of
Fathers Burgos and Zamora.
-He also went on to say that the local clergy
had enticingly assured other participants that
their fight would succeed because God was
with them, along with attractive promises of
benefits like job, wealth, and military levels.
January 20,1872- feast of Virgin of Loreto in Sampaloc celebrated with
fireworks.

• Those in Cavite mistook that fireworks is the sign so 200 men lead by
Lieutenant LA Madrid launch attack targeting Spanish authority in arsenal.

• Iron-fisted Gen. Izqueirdo- upon learning the attack, ordered

reinforcement to quell the revolution.

• Firing of rockets in Intramuros- signal of revolution.

• The revolt was easily crushed when Manileños who were expected to aid
the Caviteños didn't arrive.
Filipino Version: A
Response to Injustice
Dr. Trinidad Hermenigildo Pardo De Tavera
-He wrote the Filipino version of this bloody tragedy in
Cavite.

-According to him, the incident was a mere mutiny by the

native Filipino soldiers and laborers of the Cavite
arsenal who turned out to be dissatisfied with the
abolition of their privileges.

-Tavera blamed Gov. Izquierdo’s cold-blooded policies

such as the abolition of privileges of the workers and
native army members of the arsenal and the prohibition
of the founding of school of arts and trades for the
Filipinos, which the general believed as a cover-up for
the organization of a political club.
The Cavite Mutiny was a significant tool utilized by
Spanish friars and Izquierdo because they exaggerated it
into a full-fledged conspiracy.

In an effort to keep their grip on power in the Philippines,

Spanish friars intended to take severe measures.
Awake the nationalism and Edmond Plauchut
outbreak of Philippine His account supported the Tavera
Revolution of 1896 Version.

According to the report, the Cavite Munity

arose as a result of the dissatisfaction of the
soldiers and arsenal workers in the Cavite fort
over the governor's (Izquierdo) order to levy
taxes on Filipino workers in the engineering
and artillery corps of the Cavite arsenal and
subject them to forced labor, both of which
they had previously been exempt from.
OUR PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE CAN BE TRACED BACK FROM THE
CAVITE MUTINY
CAVITE MUTINY

DEATH OF GOMBURZA

JOSE RIZAL'S EL FILIBUSTERISMO / NOLI ME

TANGERE

1896 PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION

 FACTS THAT
REMAINED TO BE
UNVARYING
After Gen. Izquierdo restored their rights, there was discontent among the
arsenal employees as well as the native army soldiers.
The severe and strict regulations that Gen. Izquierdo imposed caused the
Filipinos to turn away from the Spanish administration out of
dissatisfaction.

The Central Government relied on reports from Izquierdo and the friars
and popular opinion rather than conducting an investigation into what
had happened.
The central government of Spain decided to deny the friars the ability to
influence governmental issues as well as the management and
leadership of educational institutions, causing them to act frantically to
prolong their stay and power.
To enable Filipino priests to seize control of the parishes in the nation and
make them vulnerable to the wrath of the friars, the Filipino clergy actively
participated in the secularization drive.

At the time, Filipinos took an active role in society and reacted to what they
saw as injustices.

The Spanish government made a mistake by ordering GOMBURZA's

execution since it ended Filipino animosity and motivated Filipino patriots
to demand changes and finally independence.